Papers by Keyword: Hybrid Composite

Abstract: In the field of natural fiber-reinforced composites, hybridization of fibers is commonly used to improve the composite’s properties further. Traditionally, this involves the incorporation of secondary fibers to compensate for the limitations of the primary reinforcing material. Recently, the integration of nanomaterials has emerged as a promising approach for hybrid composite fabrication. In this study, Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) were incorporated into the nito fiber-reinforced epoxy composite for further improvement of the composite’s properties. MWCNTs, when uniformly dispersed, serve as effective nanoreinforcements capable of improving both mechanical strength and thermal behavior. The incorporation of 0.10 wt% MWCNTs resulted in improved impact strength compared to both unreinforced epoxy and nito fiber-reinforced composites. The hybridized composites also exhibited higher peak temperature and overall thermal stability. Water contact angle measurements also indicated enhanced hydrophobicity upon MWCNT addition. However, excessive loading of MWCNTs led to agglomeration and subsequent deterioration of composite performance. These findings highlight the potential of MWCNTs as multifunctional nanofillers in natural fiber-based hybrid composites, offering improved impact resistance, thermal stability, and moisture resistance. Such hybrid systems expand the applicability of natural fiber composites to demanding sectors such as automotive interiors, construction materials, and consumer goods, where improved durability and environmental resistance are critical.

Abstract: This study investigates the effects of fiber type and hybridization on the tensile properties of epoxy composites produced using the temperature-controlled vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTIM) method. Tensile strengths and fracture behaviors are examined by fabricating 6-layer glass fiber-reinforced composites [G6], 6-layers carbon fiber-reinforced composites [C6], and hybrid composites consisting of six layers of glass and carbon fibers [H1] and [H2]. The microstructures of the composites are analyzed using an optical microscope, and tensile tests are conducted in accordance with ASTM standards. Tensile tests are performed at a constant speed and room temperature, and the fracture surfaces after tensile testing are analyzed using a Stereo Microscope. The results showed that the highest tensile strength is achieved in the carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP), with an increase of approximately 123% compare to the glass fiber-reinforced composite (GFRP). Hybrid composite exhibits the reduced tensile strength compare to CFRP, with decreases of 23% for H2 and 29% for H1, respectively, whereas, increased the fracture toughness of the tested samples. Additionally, fracture surface analysis reveals that GFRP exhibits incomplete separation of the fractured surfaces, while CFRP shows a brittle and clean fracture surface. This study highlights the significant impact of fiber type and hybridization on the tensile property and fracture behavior of epoxy composite, demonstrating the better tensile performance of CFRP, while improving the fracture toughness and manufacturing cost of both GFRP and Hybrid composite.

Abstract: The aim of this research seeks to investigate the mechanical properties of Borassus flabellifer (Borassus palm) and Carica papaya (papaya) hybrid composites fibers reinforced in regards to strength, stiffness, and toughness under different test conditions. It also compares the performance of hybrid composites with composites based on individual fibers. The study involves two groups of composite materials. Group 1. The analysis of ultimate tensile strength of Borassus palm and Carica papaya composite value is 17.020 N/mm². Group 2. The analysis of impact strength of Borassus palm and Carica papaya composite value is 0.35. The hybrid composites, made from Borassus palm and papaya fibers are have very good Tensile and impact strength. That can be an alternative to synthetic fibers. In this study it observed that the hybrid composites, made from Borassus palm and papaya fibers are very suitable for mechanical applications.

Abstract: Textile waste becomes a major concern for environmental pollution also it contributes to land fill. To address this challenge recycling and reuse of textile waste into high-value materials like natural fibre composites which provide both environmental and financial advantages in the context of a circular economy since they are lightweight, biodegradable and suitable as a substitute for synthetic fibres in a variety of applications. The objective of this research is to combine mechanical performance and environmental advantages by examining a hybrid composite composed of glass fibres and textile waste. We examine the composite's tensile, flexural, impact and elongation breaking characteristics. Five different composite samples were fabricated: one with pure resin, one consisting solely of textile waste fiber layers (T/T/T), a hybrid composite with textile waste and glass fiber arranged as textile/glass/textile (T/G/T), another hybrid with glass fiber and textile waste arranged as glass/textile/glass (G/T/G) and one composed entirely of glass fiber layers (G/G/G). The experimental findings demonstrate that incorporating textile waste/glass fibers enhances the mechanical properties of pure resin composites. The G/T/G sample exhibited a higher flexural strength compared to the T/T/T sample. However, the inclusion of textile waste was observed to reduce the composite's impact strength during impact testing. These results imply that there is promise for this hybrid material in a few industrial applications, such as construction, automotive and aerospace.

Abstract: The aim of this study of mechanical behavior of these composites under tensile and impact loading and their applicability to real applications is the goal. Group 1 The ultimate tensile strength of Ficus religiosa stem fiber is 11.939[N/mm²]. Group 2 ultimate strength of sisal fiber is 9.006 [N/mm²]. As indicated by the results, sisal fibers significantly enhanced the impact resistance and tensile strength of composite materials, therefore they are viable to apply in various engineering application. displayed promise as an inherent composite with limited mechanical potential, as indicated by its good tensile and impact strength.

Abstract: Stiffened panels are widely used in aerospace, naval architecture, and bridge construction industries, where compressive loading often leads to critical buckling and structural failure. This study investigates the buckling and damage behavior of curved stiffened panels made from hybrid composite materials under uniaxial compressive loading. Numerical simulations use finite element analysis in Ansys, incorporating the Hashin damage model to predict failure mechanisms. Key parameters analyzed include fiber orientation of the skin and stiffener, cutout diameter, and the impact of titanium foil reinforcement. Results show that fiber orientation significantly influences the panels' critical buckling and damage loads. Panels with skin laminates of [45/90/-45/0]4s demonstrate higher stability than [+45/-45]4s laminates. Additionally, larger cutouts enhance critical buckling loads for both metallic and composite panels. Reinforcing stiffeners with titanium foil at the outermost layers of the composite panels substantially improves buckling and damage performance, providing higher stability and load-bearing capacity than aluminum or composite panels alone. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing the design of hybrid composite panels in structural applications.

Abstract: In order to increase the utilization of polymer composite technology, natural fiber reinforced composites are required. Because of its exceptional mechanical qualities, bamboo culm fiber in hybrid composites has drawn the rigorous attention of researchers and producers. Gigantochloa Scortechinii, a particular species of bamboo, was obtained for this investigation from the Bukit Larang hamlet in Melaka, Malaysia. In these trials, a 5 mm thick metal mold was used to manually lay-up epoxy, chopped strand mat, and bamboo fiber. The 355 µm and 500 µm composite bamboo fibers were made. There was a range in the percentage of bamboo fibers from 1% to 5%. After that, the specimens were examined utilizing a variety of methods, including as impact, flexural, and tensile testing. Comparing the 500 µm bamboo hybrid composite to the 355 µm bamboo hybrid composite, the results showed improvements in tensile and impact strength of 22.3–42.3%. For the flexural strength, however, the reverse trend was seen (34.8-36.25%). These results imply that bamboo fiber, which is based on a hybrid composite of chopped strand mat and epoxy, produces outstanding mechanical qualities and can be a good substitute for reinforcing fibers made of composite materials.

Abstract: The objective of this research is to investigate how the quantity of laminate layers impacts the Ramie-Eglass fiber hybrid composite utilized in the Jaloe Kayoh material, specifically concerning mechanical properties such as tensile strength and flexural properties. In this research, the authors conducted tensile and flexural testing on composites with varying quantities of laminate layers. The research findings indicate that incorporating a laminate layer into the hybrid composite positively affects its mechanical properties. The composites with 5 laminate layers had the maximum tensile strength, measuring approximately 59.79 MPa, and the highest tensile modulus, measuring around 3.15 GPa. The results suggest that adding a suitable number of laminate layers can enhance the composite's resistance to tensile stress and preserve its structural stiffness. Furthermore, the composite consisting of 6 laminate layers demonstrated the largest elongation at break, measuring at 2.04%. This result suggests that the material has a commendable ability to withstand strain before reaching its breaking point. For flexural properties, the configuration with 3 layers of lamina shows the most optimal results with flexural strength of around 161.11 MPa, flexural strain of around 0.021, and flexural modulus of around 3.47 GPa. Therefore, this configuration is recommended as the most optimal to withstand flexural stress on Jaloe Kayoh. This study offers valuable insights into the correlation between the quantity of laminate layers and the mechanical properties of Ramie-Eglass fiber hybrid composites. These insights can be utilized to create advanced composite materials for Jaloe Kayoh boats.

Abstract: Composites of natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic and thermoset polymers have been studied for developing prosthetic socket materials. This study investigated the abaca fiber (AF)/carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy (EP) hybrid composite properties: i.e., tensile, flexural, impact, thermal, and water absorption, by varying AF and CF ratios of 1: 0, 0: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1, and 4: 1 with 80 vol% epoxy resin. The cracks formed in bending test specimens were characterized with an optical microscope, whereas the tensile fracture surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results confirmed that the mechanical properties of the CF/EP composite are the highest. The higher the AF/CF ratio, the lower the hybrid composite's mechanical properties and the higher the water absorption. The hybrid composite with a 2:1 AF/CF ratio achieved the highest tensile and flexural strengths of 70 MPa and 103 MPa, respectively, and the lowest water absorption of 7.89%. Based on the experimental results, a simulation of the prosthetic socket was performed using Autodesk Inventor 2019 integrated with ANSYS Workbench 2019 R1, resulting in von Mises stress of 2.14 MPa and deformation of 0.015 mm. Besides, its thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) resulted in good thermal stability.

Abstract: A hybrid composite is a combination of two or more reinforced in a matrix. Hybrid composite will give better properties as compared to individual fiber-reinforced polymer composites. This research aims to study the effect of different fiber layer orientations on the properties of hybrid kenaf/fiberglass polyester matrix composite. Two types of the composite were produced which are Sample 1, the fiber layer orientation is fiberglass, kenaf fiber, kenaf fiber and fiberglass (FG-K-K-FG), and Sample 2, the fiber layer orientation is fiberglass, kenaf fiber, fiberglass, and kenaf fiber (FG-K-FG-K). The composite is manufactured using the hand lay-up technique and hot pressed. 50 g of unsaturated polyester resin and 12 g of hardener, Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP) were mixed and applied on top of every layer of fiber before being compressed at 100°C for 10 minutes. The properties of the hybrid composite were determined by completing five types of tests which are tensile test, impact test, water absorption test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) has higher tensile strength compared to Sample 1 (FG-K-K-FG) with the value of 30.97 MPa and 0.23 MPa respectively. For the water absorption test, Sample 1 (FG-K-K-FG) with a value of 239.21% has the highest water absorption properties compared to Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) with a value of 180.22%. Samples 1 and 2 have no obvious differences in terms of their thermal stability characteristics for the TGA test. For SEM, it is observed that both samples showed an attachment of adhesive between fiber layers and matrix. The overall conclusion is Sample 2 (FG-K-FG-K) has high mechanical properties but needs improvement for low water absorption.