Papers by Keyword: Hybrid Composite

Abstract: Polyamide (PA) nanofibers (NFs) interleaves have been inserted as a continuous non-woven mat between prepreg plies of a carbon fiber reinforced (CFR) laminate during lamination. Hybridization has been made by mixing two different material scales, being the micro-scale and the nanoscale of the CFs and the NFs respectively and two different polymer types being thermosetting the matrix and thermoplastic the NFs. Final composite laminates have been produced by vacuum bagging and autoclave molding according to the consolidated industrial procedure of aeronautic parts. Traditional square CFR laminates with 20 plies have been also manufactured using the same unidirectional (UD) CFR prepreg tape with 0/90 stacking sequence for comparison. Rectangular specimens were finally extracted from the manufactured plates. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and three-point bending tests were carried out. The reduction of the glass transition temperature T_g revealed the achieved interaction among PANFs and the resin matrix. Moreover, bending strength increased up to 9% for hybrid laminates revealing that nanostructures can add functionalities to traditional composite laminates without affecting their mechanical performances.

Abstract: This study aims to fabricate and characterize the hybrid composites of duck eggshell (DE) and abaca fiber reinforced epoxy. The composites were fabricated with 20 vol.% fillers consisting of DE/abaca fiber with ratios of 0/20, 5/15, 10/10, and 20/0. We then characterized their mechanical (tensile and flexural) and water absorption properties. At the same time, the characteristics of eggshell particles were examined by SEM/EDS and XRD. We observed that the DE contains higher CaCO₃ than chicken eggshells, making it appropriate to be chosen as a filler. The alkali-treated (AT) abaca improves the flexural and tensile strengths of abaca/epoxy composite but slightly decreases those of DE/AT abaca/epoxy composites. The composite with a 5/15 DE/AT abaca fiber ratio shows the maximum flexural strength. However, the flexural strength of the composites made of the epoxy matrix is almost the same as that of polyester and is 21% lower than that of PMMA. The use of polyester and PMMA matrixes significantly reduces the water absorption rate to around 3.50%.

Abstract: This study illustrates how the mechanical characteristics of a composite may be altered by adding powdered natural fillers such as fish scales or coconut shells. Hand lay-up approach has been used to create the Jute/Basalt hybrid composite with fillers. The epoxy and hardener were combined at a weight ratio of 10:1, and then the natural fillers were added at varied percentages of 3%, 6%, and 9%. The ASTM standards were used for the mechanical test. Fish scale filler has greater tensile and flexural strengths than coconut shell powder, but the latter's impact strength grows with increasing amounts of filler. Jute/basalt composites were also subjected to a water absorption test, the results of which showed that those containing fish scale powder absorbed significantly less water than those containing coconut shell powder.

Abstract: This research investigates the behavior of different reinforcement materials on the mechanical and ballistic properties of a hybrid composite, where two types of reinforcement in different combinations based on the Taguchi technique. Two different methods can be used to analyze different properties, bigger is better when it comes to the impact strength and hardness of the composite making the specimen that containing the highest value of impact strength belonged to (22.5% Kevlar, 30% E-glass, 1% Silicon carbide and 2% Titanium carbide)combination, while the highest value of Hardness came from (30% Kevlar, 15% E-glass, 1% Silicon carbide and 1% Titanium carbide). While smaller is better when we refer to the ballistic penetration depth under high speed impact, and the smallest depth of the backface signature came from (15% Kevlar, 15% E-glass, 2% Silicon carbide and 2% Titanium carbide) combination.

Abstract: The filler materials are supported alongside natural fiber in the composite to work on the quality and property of the part materials given the prerequisites and their applications. In this paper, the mixture composite was created with Hemp/Carbon fiber. Different wt% (15%,20%,25%) of Hemp fiber and filler materials were utilized as support. The Hemp fiber was surface treated with 5% of KMnO4. The created hybrid fiber composites were performed with different mechanical properties concentrated on like tensile, bending, impact, and Brinell hardness this multitude of tests were proceeded according to ASTM guidelines. From the mechanical property study, 25 wt% Hemp fiber cross breed composite hold great mechanical properties contrasted with any remaining wt% created half breed composite. keywords:- hybrid composite, surface treatment, mechanical property, fillers.

Abstract: The natural filler material is reinforced along with natural fibers in the composite to improve the quality and property of the component materials based on the requirements and its applications. In this paper, the hybrid composite was developed with Hemp/ Basalt fiber. Various wt% (15%,20%,25%) of Hemp fiber and filler materials were used as reinforcement. The Hemp fiber was surface treated with 5% of KMnO4. The developed hybrid natural fiber composites were performed with various mechanical properties studies like tensile, bending, impact, and Brinell hardness all these tests were performed as per ASTM standards. From the mechanical property study, 25 wt% Hemp fiber hybrid composite hold good mechanical properties compared to all other wt% developed hybrid composite.

Abstract: Standard fibers have attracted the attentiveness of technocrats, specialists, experts, and researchers throughout the globe as elective support for fiber built up polymer composites, due to their predominant properties like high explicit strength, low weight, minimal expense, truly incredible mechanical properties, non-grating, eco-accommodating, and bio-degradable qualities. Here of view, a short survey has been completed to utilize normal strands, (for example, jute, Kenaf, pineapple, sisal, and so forth) bounteously accessible in India. Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers are blending in with normal filaments to build Engineering and Technology applications. This paper presents an examination of the mechanical characteristics of regular fibers and hybrid fibers supported by polymer composites. Seven Sample composite covers of the various mix without alkali treatment has been prepared. The physical, Mechanical properties need to reveal for the better composition of the reinforced elements as per ASTM standard. The specimen has been prepared as per ASTM Standard for Mechanical Characterization. The tensile strength of the hybrid specimen shows maximum ultimate tensile strength 97.24Mpa with yield tensile strength is 67.11Mpa and Young’s Modulus 6673.64Mpa at maximum force of 6.56 KN. This is the highest among all configurations. From the consolidated result of flexural strength of all seven combinations, it is come to notice that, the flexural strength of the hybrid specimen composite shows maximum flexural strength 207.84 MPa. It is observed that the impact strength of the hybrid material is 42% more than Kenaf and E-glass material combination and 54% more than the Jute and E-glass material combination.

Abstract: Aluminum 6061 alloy-based alloys were used to make various motor vehicle parts such as connecting wire, O-ring, circular blocks, disc brakes and aircraft primary components, but the use of alloys was restricted in some of their applications due to their low strength, poor stiffness and high friction wear resistance. Hybrid Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites are achieved the potential mechanical properties compared to single reinforced composite materials. Tribological behaviour of hybrid composites were optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Design of experiment statistical analysis. The contribution of various parameters rotational speed, sliding distance and axial load on hybrid composite materials were evaluated by Analyses of Variance (ANOVA). For each output response, a multilayer linear equation was used to examine the relationship between the parameters. According to the results, hybrid compounds provide greater adaptability and reliability in the development of a component of the product depending on the reinforcement composition and structure.

Abstract: Hybridization of aluminium matrix composite is with a view to offset the properties deficient in one composite reinforcement. The present investigation involves a comparative study of AA6063 matrix composites with single reinforcement of Al₂O₃, SiC, graphene respectively and various hybridized proportions of the same reinforcements. Physical (density and %porosity) and mechanical (tensile strength, fracture toughness, %elongation, elastic modulus, etc.) properties of composites developed via solidification processing technique were evaluated. The porosity of all the composites falls below the maximum acceptable limit for cast metal matrix composite. Maximum values for UTS, %elongation and absorbed energy at maximum stress was obtained by hybrid composite with 4wt% Al₂O₃, SiC and 2wt% graphene, while the composite with the highest single reinforcement of graphene have the highest value for elastic modulus and fracture toughness. Numerical optimization results show that a matrix and hybrid reinforcements contents of AA6063 (91.413wt.%), SiC (3.679wt.%), Al₂O₃ (0.277wt.%), and graphene (4.632wt.%) respectively, will result in optimal values for the evaluated properties.

Abstract: The awareness on sustainability of the environment among the researchers leads to the exploration of natural fiber composite materials. Hybridization of synthetic fiber and natural fiber is one of the potential strategies to enhance the mechanical properties as well as the degradability of such composite materials. However, less information concerning the optimization of tribological properties of this hybrid composite is available in literature. The aim of this study is to propose a statistical model to predict and optimize wear and coefficient of friction of kenaf/carbon reinforced epoxy composite. The value of parameters; load and sliding velocity ranges from 10 to 30 N and 20.9 to 52.3 m/s, respectively, are used to assess wear and coefficient of friction (COF) of different stacking sequences using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The tribological test was conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer. Multifactorial design analysis was employed to optimize the test control variables. It was found that, the optimized factors that affects the coefficient of friction and wear is at load 30 N and sliding velocity of 52.36 m/s. The proposed statistical models for wear and COF have 99.5% and 97.6% reliability, respectively. The generated equation models are bounded within the wear test control factors and ranges. The outcome from this study will be very useful for main parameter prediction for an optimized wear and COF.