Papers by Keyword: Hydraulic Fracturing

Abstract: The article examines the development features of the studied gas field and analyzes the efficiency of different hydraulic fracturing (HF) technologies. An integrated analysis of the field’s production history was carried out, covering the evaluation of applied HF methods, results of diagnostic injection tests, regression calculations, and characterization of fracture parameters. Historical production and reservoir pressure data were used to calibrate a material balance model in MBAL, ensuring consistency between observed and simulated results. HF operations using both crosslinked gel and slickwater were analyzed. Results of DFIT and mini-frac tests allowed the determination of key fracture parameters – length, height, conductivity (FCD), net pressure, and fluid efficiency. Based on the integrated dataset, a five-year forecast of field performance was developed. Wells treated with slickwater demonstrated higher and more stable flow rates compared with conventional crosslinked gel treatments, especially under lower reservoir pressures and timely well clean-up. The study emphasizes the importance of combining historical production analysis, fracture diagnostics, and regression methods with material balance modeling for reliable long-term productivity forecasting. The findings provide practical implications for optimizing HF parameters, selecting fluid systems, and planning reservoir development strategies aimed at maximizing gas recovery under depletion conditions.

Abstract: In connection with the gradual development of deep oil deposits, it is necessary to develop deposits at a depth of no more than 3000 m. For the production of such oil, the method of hydraulic fracturing with the injection of hydraulic fracturing fluids and proppants under high pressure is actively used. Proppants are used as proppants, which are granular bulk material. Their application depends on the depth of the well and the composition of the reservoirs. In the process of oil production, a large amount of drill cuttings is formed, which must be processed and used as raw materials, for example, for the production of aluminosilicate proppants. This paper discusses the possibility of using drill cuttings, ground cullet and alkali to obtain proppants. To achieve this goal, studies of drill cuttings were carried out, a technology for obtaining aluminosilicate proppants and raw mixtures was developed, during the molding of which the studied samples were fired and underwent the necessary studies, on the basis of which the corresponding conclusion was made.

Abstract: In the trend of unconventional oil and gas explorations, the long laterals over 3,000 m are commonly fractured in multistage fracturing operations. The mill-out of the conventional and temporary isolation downhole tools, such as frac plugs or balls/ball seats, in these wells using mechanical intervention, such as coiled tubing (CT), is a challenge. This paper is to review the developments of the dissolvable alloys to be used on these tools in these long lateral wells to eliminate the mechanical intervention afterward. It includes the history and current status of the developments of the dissolvable alloys. The two types of mainstream dissolvable alloys including magnesium-based and aluminum-based alloys were developed, based on their microscale galvanic corrosion behaviors. The properties of these dissolvable alloys, therefore, depend on the chemistry, process and finally microstructure. The casting and extrusion processes will be discussed since they are very important processes to enhance properties of the dissolvable alloys. The properties including the strength, the ductility and the dissolvability are measured under various temperatures, pressures and salinities conditions. The future trend of development is also briefly visioned.

Abstract: The essence of the hydraulic fracturing method for enhancing oil recovery is described. The definition of proppants is given and their average chemical composition is determined. In the process of an analytical review, the article presents proppants that are widely used in the oil industry. For each type of proppant, the main technical characteristics (bulk density and compressive strength) required when using the hydraulic fracturing method have been determined. In the course of the analysis, it was found that all proppant technologies are expensive and it is necessary to select high-quality cheap and affordable materials to reduce the cost of their production. Drilling cuttings from the Morozovskoye field were chosen as one of these materials. Physical and chemical studies of drill cuttings were carried out, on the basis of which a conclusion was made about the possibility of its use in the synthesis of high-quality aluminosilicate proppants.

Abstract: An analysis model of casing stress distribution and its variation regularities presents several challenges during hydraulic fracturing of shale gas wells. In this paper, an analytical mechanical - thermal coupling method was provided to evaluate casing stress. In the model, the casing, cement sheath, and formation (CCF) system was divided into four stress field induced by uniform stress, deviator stress, shear stress, and thermal stress,. Based on this analytical model, the parametric sensitivity analyses of casing stress such as mechanical properties, operation parameters, and geo-stress were conducted during multi-fracturing. The results indicated the casing stress increased first, then decreased with the increase of cement sheath modulus. However, it always decreased with the increase of cement sheath Poisson's ratio and the injection fluid temperature. The casing stress increased dramatically with the increase of δ. However, it decreased first, then increased with the increase of fracturing pressure. Higher fluid temperature, cement with small modulus and large Poisson’s ratio were effective to decrease the casing stress. In conclusion, the analytical model can accurately predict casing stress and become an alternative method of casing integrity evaluation for shale gas wells. It is a useful and efficient method for a preliminary design, being capable of simulation the actual situations in order to assess the casing stresses and integrity.

Abstract: The problem of casing deformation caused by fault slippage due to the hydraulic fracturing process in Changning-Weiyuan area, Sichuan Province, has seriously affected the economic benefits of shale gas wells. In order to clarify the relationship between the strength of fractured rock mass, the size of fractured rock mass, and the parameters of cement sheath, based on the characteristics of artificial shale formation during hydraulic fracturing, the shale strength is reduced. The finite element model of the casing, cement sheath and formation is analyzed, and the deformation law of the casing during the shale strength reduction process is analyzed. The results show that the greater the reduction of the strength of the shale, the greater the risk of shear deformation of the casing. The fracturing height has a great influence on the casing deformation, which increases substantially linearly, and the crack width has little effect on the casing deformation. 2 The Young’s modulus of the cement sheath has little effect on the deformation of the casing, and reducing the Young’s modulus of the cement sheath cannot effectively alleviate the deformation of the casing. Increasing the wall thickness of the cement sheath increases the contact area between the cement sheath and the formation, and the degree of deformation increases. 3 increasing the wall thickness of the casing can alleviate the deformation degree of the casing, and the wall thickness of the casing should be optimized during the fracturing process. The research results have a certain guiding role for the prevention and treatment of casing deformation.

Abstract: The use of proppants in hydraulic fracturing has significantly grown worldwide in recent years. Discoveries of large unconventional reservoirs in the north of Brazil have collaborated to give it the 10^th position among countries with the world's largest shale reserves. Nowadays, studies on nanomaterials that are used as additives in proppants are the focus of North America's companies and universities in order to develop either proppants that can suffer mechanical and chemical changes inside the reservoir or that enable their traceability and direction. This paper presents a study on synthesis and characterization of metakaolin’s based ceramic proppants incorporating different types of nanocarbon materials. The method adopted was based on use of high intensive mixing of raw material (metakaolin) granulated with alkaline water solution of dispersed carbon nanomaterials. The SEM analysis testify the carbon nanomaterials dispersion on proppant bulk structure. Mechanical tests (crush resistance or K-value) indicated that metakaolin based proppants reached similar characteristics of white sand natural proppants.

Abstract: Hydraulic Fracturing, Proppant, Acid FracturingAbstract. Increase in the price of oil and gas during recent years have motivated oil and gas companies to focus on the methods that lead to increasing in the oil and gas production. Oil well stimulation as one of these methods includes a variety of operations that performed to improve productivity of the well. The main objective of a stimulation treatment is to increase the rate at which the formation delivers hydrocarbons naturally. Today’s well stimulation method is converted to the appropriate method in the oil and gas industry to maintain or increase of well productivity. Injection of acid to partially dissolve the rock, and hydraulic fracturing to split the rock and prop it open with proppant are two common techniques for stimulating of the wells. Deciding about selection of the best method for stimulation of the wells is related to the comprehensive evaluation of capabilities of each technique and conditions which are governed on specific job intended. In this article, we are trying to present a description about well stimulation method, methods that are employed to execute well stimulation, and application of these different techniques for stimulating of wells.

Abstract: In order to improve gas drainage of soft and outstanding coal seam in Huainan mine area, for eliminating outburst hazard, hydraulic fracturing is applied at west one (13-1) rock cross-cut coal uncovering face. By analysising antireflection mechanism of hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic fracturing is designed and construct at rock cross-cut coal uncovering face, and then investigate the effect of hydraulic fracturing, at last it get a hydraulic fracturing complete set of technical system.

Abstract: According to the low intensity, good plasticity in soft coal seam, the effect of direct fracturing to increase permeability was not ideal, the new technology of hydraulic fracture soft coal rock was proposed, which increased coal seam permeability. Its technical principles and characteristics were researched. Water injection pressure was analyzed, including injection time, parameters of the technology and so on. Field application experiment and effect of inspection were conducted. The results showed that the concentration of gas extraction increased 4.3 times, and the gas extraction flow increased 6.2times. The technology has a good effect of fracturing and advantages in enlarging the released area and decreasing diffusion seepage resistance of coal seam. Most important, the technology has broad application prospects in soft coal seam.