Papers by Keyword: IR

Abstract: This Paper is about IR Technology for Roughness Evaluation of Upper Layer of Mineralglass Lenses, Prisms or Reticules. Based on Simple Observation that Friction Islinked with Higher Temperature, Authors Evaluated the same Optical Surfaces Bytwo Methods: Microscopic and IR Evaluation. Facts are Extremely Encouraging,because Results are Similar; Zones with Higher Level above Average are Warmerand those under Average are Colder.

Abstract: The flux growrh method is employed to grow the Yb:LuPO4 crystal using lead pyrophosphate Pb2P2O7 as the high-timperature solvent. The infrared spectroscopy(IR) was tested to determine the purity of the obtained crystal. The absorption spectra of the 5% Yb-doped Yb:LuPO4 crystal was measured at room temperature. Three absorption peaks that located on 985nm, 976nm and 953nm were found, and the absorption cross sections on the absorption peaks were calculated respectively. The results shows that Yb:LuPO4 crystal has potential to be applied as laser material.

Abstract: Synthetic polymers are not normally biodegradable until they are degraded into low molecular mass species that can be assimilated by microorganisms. This means that biodegradation must be preceded by an abiotic degradation that produces monomeric and oligomeric products. It has been shown that carboxylic acids, alcohols, ketones, etc... can be utilized by microorganisms as nutrients to produce cell biomass. Polyethylene is resistant to oxidation and biodegradation because of the presence of antioxidants and stabilizers. However, it can be made oxo-biodegradable by the use of prooxidant additives. The most active prooxidants are those based on transition metal particulary Fe, Co and Mn. This study is an attempt to investigate the effect of prooxidant additives on the thermo-oxidation of polyethylene. Three differentes mulch films of polyethylene, two films with prooxidant additives consisting of salt based on cobalt and iron and the third film whitout prooxidant, were subjected to thermo-oxidative degradation which was conducted in an air oven at 70°C that normally occur during composting conditions, for extended time periods. Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy the chemical and structural changes induced by this exposure were followed by monitoring the changes in carbonyl index and cristallinity. The results reveal an increase in the carbonyl groups with aging time more important for the polyehylene films containing a combination of Fe and Co additives than these obtained by the films with only one transition metal additive (Co) while the LDPE without additives represents no increase in carbonyl groups. The results show also a small variation of cristallinity for the two differents polyethylene films with pro-oxidant. This indicates that the transition metal prooxidant plays an important role in the degradation of PE films and accelerates the degradation of PE.

Abstract: A uniform and even film of Iridium (Ir) layer was prepared by potentiostatic electrodeposition in LiCl-KCl molten salt using IrCl3 as main salt. The morphology and constitutions of Ir film prepared under different conditions were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) respectively. It was found that the electrodeposition conducted at the potential reduction peak could prepare Ir layer of high quality. A modification of the potential will also generate Ir film, but of lower quality. Temperature of the molten salt also exerts an obvious influence on deposition, the films formed at a lower temperature are thinner, but more micropores would occur on films when the temperature went too high and the molten salt became unstable. The best condition of potentiostatic electrodeposition of Ir in LiCl-KCl molten salt follows: mole ratio of molten salt LiCl:KCl=58:42; molten salt temperature:823K; concentration of IrCl3 0.045 mol/kg; potential of electrodeposition -1V (vs Pt/Pt(Ⅱ)); duration of electrodeposition: 1 h

Abstract: In the homogeneous system, the low molecular weight Chitosan is obtained by H2O2 oxidation degradation method. Acetyl Sulface reacted by the mixture of Acetic Anhydride and Concentrated Sulfuric Acid at equal proportion is the reagent. low molecular weight Chitosan being as raw materials, Vulcanized Oligomer Chitosan is sulfonated with good water-solubility and high sulfur content under certain conditions. It has been tested for the influence of the usage of sulfonated reagent, reaction temperature and reaction time on Sulfer content. The best condition for preparation Vulcanized Oligomer Chitosan is 5ml of Acetyl Sulface with the reaction temperature of 25°C and time of 5 Hours. It’s a new potential heparin with around 100 nm particale size tested by spectral analysis and SEM measurements, which could be a new reagent in other fields.

Abstract: Abstract. LaF3 nanocrystals doped with lanthanides like Ce3+, Pr3+ and Nd3+ have been prepared using microwave technique. These synthesized crystals have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Well dispersed, elongated, nanorods of hexagonal geometry (approximately 20nm in size) have been found in TEM analysis. The average particle size estimated from XRD analysis is about 20 nm and is in close agreement with the TEM results. Four characteristic peaks one at 3434 cm-1 (broad) and other at 2924, 2853, 1632 cm-1(sharp) have been observed in the FTIR spectra. Intense Blue colour (458 nm) emission has been recorded when crystals are excited with photons of wavelength 254 nm. Non Linear Optical (NLO) properties of the synthesized nanocrystals have been studied. It has been found that second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the prepared samples containing rare earth elements is less than pure Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals.

Abstract: The puffing glutinous rice starch (PGRS) could be obtained by adding glutinous broken rice into bulking machine and expanding at a certain temperature and pressure. Compared with gelatinization by heating and adding alkali, gelatinization by puffing was easier to control and had a higher degree of starch gelation. The starch granule disintegrated after puffing and therefore more hydrophilic hydroxyls were exposed. The water-solubility of PGRS was increased which was shown in IR spectrometry with a broad and strengthened peak of O-H stretching vibration. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) found that the PGRS granules were in shape of rough surface, which would be a strong affinity for water. Therefore, it could be used to prepare corrugated cardboard case adhesive, stamp envelope adhesive, wallpaper adhesive and dry mortar internal wall paint.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate of daidzein (DZ) by solid dispersions. DZ solid dispersion was prepared by solvent method, with PVP K30 and surfactant as carriers. The influences of drug-carrier proportion, the kind of surfactant and the amount of surfactant on the dissolution of DZ were examined. Solid dispersions were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and dissolution tests. When appropriate amount of poloxamer was added into the solid dispersion, the dissolution of DZ could be improved obviously. The data of IR showed that the absence of well-defined drug-polymer interactions. The data of X-ray diffraction showed that the drug might exist in the form of amorphism or molecule in solid dispersions. Both the binary and ternary solid dispersions enhanced the dissolution of DZ. Moreover, poloxamer played an important positive role in improving the dissolution rate of DZ in the solid dispersion.

Abstract: A new method of detecting the content of ultra-low sulphur in stainless steel with ultra-high strength is founded in the article by using of infrared carbon-sulphur detector. The tests are choice experiments controlled by relevant factors such as combustion conditions and blank test. And the result of the detection is accurate and practical.

Abstract: The homogeneous rare-earth catalytic system was used to initiate the polymerization of isoprene, and a novel IR was synthesized with high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution. According to the self-developed rare-earth IR properties, a study on IR and IR/NR blend was made. Microstructure and molecular characteristics of JiHua rare-earth IR were identified by IR spectra, 13C NMR and GPC, and the effect of JiHua rare-earth IR on the vulcanization characteristics and dynamic properties in IR/NR blend was investigated and compared with IR (SKI-3) synthesized with titanium catalyst system and rare-earth isoprene rubber (SKI-5) made in Russia. The results showed that JiHua rare-earth IR to be developed independently was a novel synthetic rubber with excellent comprehensive performance, and it can be used independently and partly substitute natural rubber to make tire. In the IR/NR blend, Not only vulcanization characteristics and the safety in operation for NR was greatly improved, But also dynamic properties of vulcanizates such as dynamic cutting resistance, abrasion resistance, wet-skid resistance and aging resistance were improved to different degrees. These properties reach or surpass the level of the foreign similar products like Russia SKI-3 and Russia SKI-5.