Papers by Keyword: Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

Abstract: Efficient ventilation and sound air current are significant to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) and control the contamination concentration. Healthy and comfort air conditioning will provide a strong guarantee for high-performance work. While limited by lots of conditions, the airflow distribution in room is very difficult to be revealed, so numerical simulation and analysis for airflow organization become more and more important during the design stage of ventilation and air conditioning system. In the paper a ship accommodation is taken as a model to do simulation analysis on the effect of different airflow organizations. On the basis of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) theory and methodology, the temperature fields, velocity fields and air age fields under different airflow organizations are gotten by means of Airpak3.1. All these search works will be helpful for the further design and optimization for the ventilation and air conditioning system of the ship accommodation.

Abstract: Mechanical robot has been widely used in environmental monitoring. The robot were apply to the air ducting in the Mechanical Ventilation and Air Conditioning System ( MVAC) to show real view inside the ducting. The aim of the mobile robot is to help reach certain places that cannot afford by human especially in the ducting. This paper highlight the third model of Mechanical Robot Ducting (MerDuct) that has been developed and analyze the result obtains by the MerDuct. Abandoned ducting was selected to gather the visual image by MerDuct using in-situ approach method. The result shows the real condition inside the ducting, and rubbish were found in the ducting. The information gathers by MerDuct start from the beginning to the end of the ducting. The visual image captured will be important for pre and post duct cleaning process. This kind of monitoring also will be the guide for maintenance activity to create safe and clean indoor air to the building occupants and building environment.

Abstract: ndoor Air Quality (IAQ) problem mostly comes from improper maintenance of ducting. Monitoring of ducting were not widely practices since the awareness to maintain it will need consideration of budget. This paper examines the development of mechanical robot that can moveable across ducting to monitor ducting condition. The device expected to collect data such as Temperature (°C),, Relative Humidity (RH), gas pollutant and picture inside ducting. The result from this kind of monitoring should be a guide for proper maintenance activity. It also can predict necessary time and duration for duct cleaning. In conclusion, the mechanical robot data analysis that captured from ducting will be compared to the IAQ standard to create safe indoor air to the user or building occupants.

Abstract: LEV is a ventilation system that collects and sucks out particles such as dusts, mists, gases, vapors or fumes out of work station, so that they can’t be breathed in by occupants. There is a lot of LEV allocated and installed in order to help protecting occupants’ health but it doesn’t work properly. To overcome this issue, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) will be implemented. Past studies CFD techniques represent a very significant improvement of air ventilation systems. However, CFD is just a tool in prediction model, which can lead to inaccuracy of predicting airflow due to problems with pre-processing, solver and post-processing with parameter from actual experimental results. As of yet, it is not possible to 100% accurately simulate airflow around a body. These codes are simply models which are close to that of a real flow, but not an exact match. All of these require validation to help minimizing percentage error in CFD methodology. Several strategies are needed to boost effectiveness of LEV in terms of predicting airflow in a geometry model. The outcome of this research can be used as a benchmark or guideline for industries to help improving indoor air quality (IAQ).

Abstract: ndoor Air Quality in educational environment is very important as it could interfere with the learning process. In this paper, the indoor air quality of selected lecture rooms of different sizes in an academic building was studied, involving measurements of indoor temperature, relative humidity, CO₂ level and dust particles. A mixed result was observed on the relative humidity in the rooms. The levels of dust particles were observed acceptable although recorded higher in the small lecture room as compared to the lecture theater. The CO₂ content in the lecture theatre was found to be higher than that in the small lecture room, and also exceeded the maximum recommended level. Overall, the results suggested that the lecture theatre needs attention in the aspect of Indoor Air Quality.

Abstract: The glass fiber reinforced mineral matrix composite (GFRMMC) solutions allow designing modular structural elements made of prefabricated panels. Important research works on calcium sulphate in the beta anhydride III’ form, led in finding a mixture with increased workability capable to be cast on glass fiber reinforcement and obtaining composite elements. This paper presents the results of designing concept for a new structural system for building houses made of GFRMMC. Prototypes for elements and building system made after the design processes are summarized. Observations of structures regarding the structural behavior, thermal efficiency or indoor air quality are presented in the conclusions. The technology and the structural systems analyzed have many advantages to be considered as an alternative for traditionally building systems.

Abstract: The study involves the risk factors analysis for indoor environment quality in education buildings with high occupancy, in terms of the occupants’ vulnerability, but also in terms of the effects of environmental factors on the constructive elements. Integrated risk assessment methodology for environment quality has to establish clear assessment methods, verification and validation of models, identifying factors that influence the environment quality and the possibility of improving their effects. This paper presents the application results of risk assessment methodology concerning the health and intellectual performance of occupants caused by indoor environmental quality for an education building. Are taken into account the results obtained from systematic measurements, over a specified period, of higrothermal parameters and of CO₂ content in atmosphere, in a classroom. The analysis conclusions allow some recommending solutions for the risk reduction through constructive measures and improvement of way it is used.

Abstract: This study is a 3-year national research project. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of formaldehyde and VOC emissions with different application ratios of ultra-low emission (ULE) green building materials(GBMs), and their impact on human health in indoor environments. The testing methods for aldehyde and ketone substances, and VOC substances used in this study are referenced from the ASTM D6670-01 regulations by full size chamber test method, and the ISO 16000-3 and ISO 16000-6 regulated aldehyde and ketone substance, and VOC sampling and analysis methods. Experiments are conducted at 0%, 30%, 50%, 80% and 100% (5 groups) ratios of ultra-low emission (ULE) green building material used, and the emissions are analyzed. The results show that the higher the utility rate of ULE green building material, the more the interior concentration of TVOC can be effectively lowered. Using at least 30% ULE green building material can achieve indoor air quality that is less than the TVOC value standard of 3 ppm set by the Environmental Protection Administration of Executive Yuan, Taiwan. However, under the standard of 300 ug/m3, set by the World Health Organization and the GreenGuard children’s standard of 220 ug/m3, our research shows that the experiment groups using 30%, and not using (0%) ULE green building material, present a health risk, based on the above standards. However using more than 50% ULE green building material can effectively lower the VOC emission level, indicating that by increasing the use of ULE green building material, the IEH can be maintained.

Abstract: The IAQ characteristics, both in terms of empirical objective measurements and subjective responses, are presented for an air-conditioned institutional library in subtropical climate. The objective measurements involve the measurement of physical parameters of the air dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and the monitoring of the concentrations of selected chemical indicators of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde. The occupants' subjective sensation to IAQ is surveyed in terms of unacceptability. By calculating the relation degree between the subjective unacceptability and objective measurements with the grey incidence analysis method, the occupants' subjective sensation to IAQ is linked with the objective measured parameters and their relation is explored.

Abstract: The research analyzes the residence buildings in winter in China which use toilet exhaust units and kitchen ventilator in various combinations as the existing exhaust system, meanwhile, set adjustable air intakes above bedroom and living room windows respectively. In order to provide certain security to solve the comfortable living environment, the indoor transient CO₂ concentration distribution is simulated in different exhaust conditions by software Airpak.