Papers by Keyword: Iron Making

Abstract: One attempt to utilize low grade iron ores involved the oxygen reduction by carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide commonly produced from the carboneous materials such as coal but using coal as a reductant may harm the environments. On the other hand, plastic wastes or polyethilene have large potential as reductants for iron ores because their major elements are hydrogen and carbon. If these wastes could be effectively used in the iron-making process, the total CO₂ emissions caused by coal would decrease because a significant amount of plastic wastes is still simply incinerated without effective heat. Furthermore, the problems of polyethylene as a waste to the environments also can be eliminated. The aim of this research is to obtain sponge iron which has metallization more than 80 percent by using a mixture of coal and polyethilene as a reducing agent. The research variables are the compositions of reductant (3,5; 7,4; 10; 15 percent), temperature (900, 1100, and 1200°C), and times of the reduction (30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes). The result of the experiment shows that the most higher metalization is 80.22 percent reached by the temperature reduction 1200°C and time of reduction is 240 minutes. The experiment also shown that the used of 15 % HDPE giving maximum metalization for 86.79 percent. Although for 15 % LLDPE poliethilene giving maximum metalization for 81.31 percent.

Abstract: COREX and COSRI smelting reduction iron-making process could directly use coal as reductant. So it is necessary to contrast the development and technology of two kinds smelting reduction iron-making process. Due to lack of funds, COSRI smelting reduction iron-making process has not been fully developed. And the COREX has completed the transformation to the industrial production. But on the whole, COSRI has good prospects for development as COREX.

Abstract: The transformation efficiency of main raw materials in iron-making systems is influenced by many factors. Principal factor should be selected to describe the relationship between the transformation efficiency and the Influencing factors. A principal factor analysis model based on Grey Correlation Analysis (GCA) is proposed in this paper. The model is employed to process blast furnace production data and determining the principal factor which is the research base of mathematical model of the transformation efficiency of main raw materials.

Abstract: In recent years great progress is made in technical equipment of large blast furnace in China. A series of new process, technologies and equipment, integrated and developed on our own, are applied on newly built large blast furnaces and have been proved to be highly effective. After more than 20 years’ development and innovation of the bell-less top equipment designed and developed on our own, it has reached the advanced level in the world in terms of equipment reliability and service life; fully-dry impulse bag filter dedusting technology of BF gas, which is also developed on our own, has gained technical breakthroughs in terms of optimized system design, gas temperature control, pneumatic conveying of dedusting fines; the integrated innovative high-efficiency long-life high-temperature technology, through applying high-temperature preheating technology of combustion air, improving heat transfer efficiency of hot blast stove and optimizing structure of the hot blast stove system, enables the blast temperature to reach 1250°C with BF gas as fuel.

Abstract: Dioxins are a kind of extremely toxic and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Sintering process has become one of the most dominant unintentional discharge sources. The dioxins synthesis pathway and mechanism being described, related research indicate that: in the low temperature sector (200-500ºС), chlorobenzene and chlorphenol are the representation precursors of dioxin’s precursor catalytic reaction, the dioxins formed in this temperature sector cased by the “de novo” under catalyst (like Cu²⁺) on the surface of smoke particles; high-temperature gas phase reaction mechanism of dioxins satisfied the first-order kinetic model, the formation of gas related with suitable precursors, it is the result of chlorinated precursors’ pyrolytic rearrangement like chlorobenzene and chlorophenol in the temperature sector 500-800ºС in the gas.

Abstract: A general review was made on research of advanced reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions’ technologies for steel manufacturing process in this paper. Various technologies – ultra low CO2 steelmaking (ULCOS), CO2 ultimate reduction in steelmaking process by innovative technology for cool earth 50 (COURSE50), solar iron-making, CO2 mineral sequestration by slag and active carbon recycling energy system (ACRES), etc. – have been represented respectively. Finally the establishing of an energy flow network from the systematic point of view was recommended.