Papers by Keyword: Mannitol

Abstract: Mannitol is an alcoholic sugar that is commonly used in the food industry. It is a white, odorless crystalline powder. Its melting temperature is about 168 °C. It is possible to be used also for the accumulation of energy in the heat exchangers based on oils. On its basis is sold a product PlusICE A164 of company PCM Products Ltd. (T = 164 °C, c_p = 2.42 kJ.K^-1 kg^-1). Thermal properties of the material in both, solid and liquid phase were investigated for this purpose in terms of potential applications. Temperature dependence of thermal parameters (thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat) were determined using a transient (step-wise) method. Fractal model of heat transport was used for the determination of thermal parameters. This model is independent on the geometry and on the type of the sample heating, and includes heat losses too. The experiment confirms the phase change temperature about 168 °C.

Abstract: Ultra-fine ZrB₂ powders were synthesized by sol-gel carbothermal processing using zirconium oxychloride (ZrOCl₂.8H₂O), boric acid (H₃BO₃) and sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) as raw materials. Additionally, mannitol was used as cosolvent to obtain a stable high-concentration ZrB₂ sol. Since C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ can be completely decomposed to carbon, carbon might be accounted precisely for the carbothermal reduction reaction. In the case of C/Zr(mol.)=6.0 and B/Zr(mol.)=3.0, a single phase ZrB₂ without residual ZrO₂ or ZrC was obtained. The photomicrograph revealed a spheres shape morphology with an uniform size distribution.

Abstract: Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) sets in situ to form hydroxyapatite and is highly promising for a wide range of clinical applications. However, its low strength limits its use to only non-stress applications, and its lack of macroporosity hinders cell infiltration, bone ingrowth and implant fixation. The aim of this study was to develop strong and macroporous CPC scaffolds by incorporating chitosan and water-soluble mannitol. The incorporation of chitosan could improve the handling properties of CPC. Mannitol provided the needed early strength of CPC and then dissolved to create macropores for tissue ingrowth. This study investigated the effects of mannitol volume fraction (0-70%) on CPC composite mechanical properties and macroporosity of the scaffold after mannitol dissolution.

Abstract: soflavones, a special phenolic group found in soybean, have been found to act as antioxidant and are widely used in pharmaceutics and nutraceuticals. Due to the storage and handling problem, the extract has been prepared in dry form by spray drying technique. The condition of extract solution prior to spray drying has been reported to affect the property of dried powder. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of diluents on the physical properties of soybean extracted powder. The experiment was carried out by a Büchi B-290 Mini Spray Dryer. Four types of diluents were applied, they weremannitol, maltrodextrin, and 2 types of modified starch The comparison was then made among those with diluents and without diluent as a carrier. The physicochemical property was then characterized for flowability, moisture content, morphology, particle size and X-ray diffraction. From the results, the addition of all diluents could improve the physicochemical properties of soybean extracted powder indicating the improvement in morphology and hence the better flow property .The types of diluent also had the effect on the extracted powder. Maltodextrin and modified starch exhibited the best carrier in term of improvement of flow property. Therefore, the spray drying technique was successfully used to prepare microparticles of soybean extracted powder and by taking into consideration of the selection of suitable diluents, the good quality of soybean extracted powder could be achieved.

Abstract: Solid dispersions (SD) were prepared with naringenin and mannitol by the solvent evaporation method with three drying methods (vacuum drying, VD; microwave-vacuum drying, MVD; and spray drying, SPD). The SD was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray Diffractometry (PXRD), Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). In vitro dissolution of naringenin and physical stability was investigated, and the energy consumption of different processing methods was measured. The results showed that the vitro dissolution rate and extent of naringenin was significantly improved by SD prepared with different drying methods compared to that of the pure drug and physical mixture (PM), and the dissolution rate of SD-SPD and SD-MVD was much higher than the SD-VD. The results of FT-IR showed that naringenin is possibly interacted with mannitol via intermolecular hydrogen bond; The PXRD showed that the crystallinity of the SD prepared with three drying methods was reduced sharply as compared with pure naringenin and PM. There results showed that the physical state of SD-MVD was more stable than SD-SPD and SD-VD that stored in the 40 °C/75% RH chamber in three month. Compared with other drying methods, the MVD method can save time and energy. These results suggest that MVD is feasible to replace the traditional time-consuming and low efficiency drying procedure for preparation of solid dispersions.