Papers by Keyword: Manufacturing

Abstract: Problem statements is a form of natural language used in any problem solvings [17]. A problem statement is described in terms of scope, structure and its purpose. Analysis in problem statement is a critical element of a structured problem solving that has not been included in or explicated by traditional stage models of the process. This paper details out that an analysis stage is needed to develop the implications of a problem's definition and to direct the selection and pursuit of solution strategies. This paper also discusses the importance of problem statement and how a new method of structure is being modeled for an effecient and effective problem solving in industrial environment. Strategies for future research on problem analysis are discussed

Abstract: Stainless steels, commercial as well as with special properties, are the principal metallic materials used for medical devices manufacturing. Stainless steels for medical devices should have superior mechanical properties, as: hardness, wear resistance, tensile strength, elongation, fracture toughness, creep resistance etc. This paper aims to present experimental researches regarding the obtaining in vacuum arc remelting device (VAR) of austenitic and martensitic stainless steels and their characterization from microstructure and microhardness point of view.

Abstract: The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules. The design is based on selecting minimum weight members to satisfy given conditions. The standard applicable to the design of various tanks, vessels, containers and bottles for gas and liquid is: EN 1993-4-2; Eurocode 3; Design of steel structures; Part 4.2: Tanks. For the verification of certain mechanical characteristics of such vessels, the applied standard is EN 1993-1-6; Supplementary rules for the strength and stability of shell structures. Verification of the specific actions on structures, that imply dead and live loads, must be also applied for the tanks and vessels, according to EN 1991 and related standards. Construction of welded vessels must be performed with qualified welding procedures. WPS/PQR and welder approvals (EN 287 and EN ISO 15614) are required. The longitudinal and circumferential joints must be butt-welded, both with full penetration. Tolerances, heat treatment and marking are indicated. Some examples of own realized welded vessels are presented. Manufacturing inspection, by visual examination, must cover most aspects: bending, groove preparation, alignment before and after welding, welding process, penetration, tolerances for circumference, straightness and circularity, double-sided welds, heat treatment, small diameter welds around the nozzles, detecting of undercut, excessive convexity, distortions, etc. Defect acceptance criteria are presented, depending on the weld types and quality level, according to EN ISO 5817. Macrographic examination according to EN 1321 of a transverse section of the welds, tensile test according to EN ISO 4136 and radiography testing of welds in accordance with EN 1435 class B are required. For pressure vessels, according to the ISCIR Technical Prescriptions, active in Romania, C 4-2010 „Static metal pressure vessels”, respective C12-2010 „Technical requirements for metal tank, container and barrel recipients for compressed, liquefied and solved gases, under pressure”, tightness and hydrostatic tests are performed at the maximal design pressure for 60 min. For the stability verification, the ultimate limit state of local shell buckling should be applied, according to EN 1993-1-6, by the conventional method, stress design concept or global second order beam theory. The fatigue strength of the structural shell must be verified by the methods given in EN 1993-1-6. Weld repairs are allowed, with no limit on the number and extent of defects. The repairs by welding are carried out according to ASME Code, Sections IX and VIII. According to the ISCIR Technical Prescriptions, a technology for repair welding must be elaborated by the manufacturer and approved by ISCIR. The design, fabrication and repairs of vessels must be performed according to the mentioned standards, depending on the class of the vessel.

Abstract: This paper described a miniature refiner plate and its manufacturing. The plate was used for preparation of timber microfibril. Grinding teeth used Archimedes spiral groove as a path, the path effectively increased grinding trajectory path; all grinding teeth and alveolus unit were in the same equal length, effectively increasing the flow and easy to manufacture. The semifinished plate was processed in an ordinary lathe, then the processed surface was quenching, ensuring hardness, wear resistance and fatigue strength.

Abstract: Abstract. The technical parameters of magnetic actuators, such as electromagnets, resonance actuators, reluctance actuators etc., are determined by the magnetic properties of the materials as well as the manufacturing and the design configuration. Some exemplary defects in electromagnetic actuators due to the manufacturing are heterogeneous magnetic properties of the materials, cracks, defects and parasitic air gaps in and directly around the magnetic circuit. To implement inline measurement systems to characterise defects within the manufacturing process a study has been carried out to display the influences of production impacts on magnetic stray fields outside the magnetic circuit.

Abstract: nformation transformation is important for state-owned manufacturing enterprises to improve the warehousing efficiency. Our work was: that with EDI in Intranet, applying the network database technology, designed the raw materials database and its application system for a large component supplier. Practice shows that this system realizes centralizing and processing for all kinds of contracts, suppliers, wagons, planning, bills for collection and inventory data. Thereby improve validity and timeliness of raw material delivery; reduce inventory management cost.

Abstract: The common acceptance sampling plan needs to specify two points in the operating characteristic curve, which represent the producers and customers risks, respectively. The points are determined in a subjective way and hence may result in unfairness. This paper presents a new approach, which determines the acceptance sampling plan based on the condition that the risks of producer and customer at acceptable quality level are the same. Another condition is introduced to control the mean risk of producer. The approach can considerably simplify the design of acceptance sampling plan, and is illustrated by an example.

Abstract: The importance of effective knowledge management is well recognized in a number of manufacturing companies. There is still, however, a clear need to further reinforce applications of knowledge management tools by effectively solving fundamental and specific problems related to knowledge management practice in manufacturing industry. The paper presents the concept specifically for the business case at the palm oil companies, where the tools are used to transfer the knowledge over different life cycles of the production process to enhance data sharing. This paper put forward a knowledge management operation mode for manufacturing process based on knowledge lifecycle, and research the operation mode from the points of the knowledge acquisition stage, knowledge sharing stage, and knowledge utilization stage. This paper gives a value to manufacturing companies to develop initiatives to share knowledge to achieve business objectives.

Abstract: Manufacturing and characterization of U-Zr alloys for PWR fuel types have been conducted. At first U-Zr alloy ingot was made by melting U and Zr metal in the electric arc furnace that is equipped with a water cooler and in an atmosphere of argon gas. Ingot manufacturing of U-Zr alloy was done at Zr concentration 35%, 45%, 55% and 65% weight respectively. U-Zr ingot result was cut for testing, such as: density, hardness, microstructure and phases. Density testing was done by using Autopicnometer, hardness by using microhardness, microstructure by using optical microscope, and phase by XRD. The density test results showed that the increase of Zr will decrease the density, while the hardness tends to increase. At Zr concentration amount 35 % (U-35Zr) the U-35Zr density is 11.2409 g/cc and at concentration amount of 65% (U-65Zr) the U-65 Zr density to be 8.4673 g/cc, while the hardness at 35% of Zr (U-35Zr) the hardness is 374 HV and will be 400 HV at concentration of Zr amount 65%. The microstructure observation result showed that increasing of Zr will increase the amount of grain and δ1 phases, while the result of phases testing showed that the U-Zr alloy tested had been dominated by the δ1 phases. From this experiment can be concluded that adding of Zr will influence the physical properties, mechanical, and microstructure formed. Keywords: Manufacturing, characterization, U-Zr , fuel, PWR.

Abstract: This paper is to study mechanism of manufacturing and adoption of nanomaterials in contemporary architectural project of developing countries. At first we talk about nanomaterials categories and their characteristics then Literatures review of the research shows those nanomaterials in contemporary architectural project of developed countries and it going to find a meaningful role in architecture of developing countries. Therefore the abilities, strength and weakness of these kinds of new materials should be studied and analyzed carefully. The results of the research show that it is very important step to find a suitable choice for each project and any choices has its opportunities and threats and architects have to do their best to finalize and decide for the best choice. Finally paper suggests some useful strategies and tactics to enhance quality of usage of nanomaterials in contemporary architectural project of developing countries.