Papers by Keyword: Mass Production

Abstract: In the present scenario, the industries are looking for creating the model quickly and making the prototype. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a rising technology for a hefty choice of applications. This route has plenty of advantages such as the availability of a wide range of materials, fabrication speed and resolution of the final components. The current paper deals with the review of the recent developments in additive manufacturing methods and their applications. Further, the discussion has been made about the various materials used for additive manufacturing such as ceramic, polymer, composites and biomaterials. The survey denotes that fused deposition modeling has received the widespread attention of the researchers. Finally, some of the gaps in the research are found and reported.

Abstract: This paper reviews the mass production of carbon nanotubes via chemical vapor deposition method using conventional and bio-hydrocarbon precursors. Its applications in nanocomposite material and energy storage are also briefly reviewed.

Abstract: This case study describes the transition and the evolution from mass production to mass customization in the case of highly complex engineering products, LED lighting systems, and how can some of the principles of this mass customization`s business strategy may be applied. It is analyzed the capabilities of the existing production systems within a company producing lighting systems, as well as the flexibility and ability to adapt in order to introduce new customized products. The study aims to analyze the strategic principles formed around the company’s core capabilities, the competitive advantages offered by introducing this new strategy as well as its limitations. In the end we will give an overview on the development of mass customization of LED lighting system.

Abstract: The rapid manufacturing of a great variety of variant products is gaining importance in global competition. Customers are increasingly demanding products which are matched to their specific demands. The production of these customized variants gives a competitive advantage, but also affords a high inner variance which leads to high production costs. Almost every step in the process of making a product is capable of generating variants. A key element in variant management is to make the variants as late as possible in order to exploit economies of scale in the earlier stages of production and to minimize the complexity of production. The technique of the highly flexible final production stage consists in achieving a late emergence of variants by integrating the variant-specific manufacturing processes into the assembly stage and enabling a mass production within a preliminary production stage at the same time. This means abandoning the conventional distinction between manufacturing and assembly in favour of a division into the preliminary, variant-neutral production stage and a final production stage where the variants take shape. The final production stage includes all the processes that determine variants. The complete manufacture of variant-neutral parts and subassemblies takes place in the preliminary production stage, as does the pre-manufacturing of those parts and sub-assemblies which are to undergo final manufacturing as variants in the final production stage. In order to apply the technique of the highly flexible final production stage successfully an integrated approach is necessary which is presented in this paper.

Abstract: Electrospinning offers the unique ability to produce fibers with very small diameters down to a few tens of nanometers and an attractive mechanical appearance as well as the controllability of morphology, surface and pores structure. However, the main drawback of the conventional electrospinning technique is its low productivity. In order to produce high yield nanofibers, the production rate of nanofibers must be improved. The multinozzle and drum collector electrospinning system was then developed to overcome the problem. The multinozzle sub-system was used to increase the production rate of nanofibers while the drum collector was utilized to maintain the uniformity and thickness of stacked nanofibers. A solution prepared by dissolving waste styrofoam in the mixture of tetrahydrofuran (THF), citronella oil and cajuput oil was the precursor to produce the stacked styrofoam nanofibers.

Abstract: In this study, we have demonstrated that a rotating metal wire coil can be used as a nozzle to electrospin nanofibers on a large-scale. Without using any needles, the rotating wire coil, partially immersed in a polymer solution reservoir, can pick up a thin layer of charged polymer solution and generate a large number of nanofibers from the wire surface simultaneously. This arrangement significantly increases the nanofiber productivity. The fiber productivity was found to be determined by the coil dimensions, applied voltage and polymer concentration. The dependency of fiber diameter on the polymer concentration showed a similar trend to that for a conventional electrospinning system using a syringe needle nozzle, but the coil electrospun fibers were thinner with narrower diameter distribution. The profiles of electric field strength in the coil electrospinning was calculated and showed concentrated electric field intensity on the top wire surface.

Abstract: Mass production of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on a water soluble support has been achieved by chemical vapor deposition method. Carbon nanofibers have been synthesized using metal (Ni, Co, Fe) acetate as catalyst precursors at 680°C. Upon pyrolysis this catalyst yields metal nanoparticles directly. The sodium chloride was used as catalyst support, it was chosen because of its non toxic and water soluble nature. The problems such as detrimental effect, environment and even cost has been avoided by using water soluble support. The structure of the products was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction method. The purity of as grown products and purified products was determined by thermal analysis. The yield of CNFs was up to 7500 wt% relative to the nickel catalyst have been achieved in the growth time of 15 mins. The advantage of this synthesis technique is the simplicity and use of easily available low cost precursors.

Abstract: In this paper, the improvement of performance design for mass production are shown by using statistical tolerance index Cpk and Cc. Recently, the demand for product performance is getting higher. Meanwhile, precision machining and measurement are also developing in manufacturing industry. To satisfy consumer in terms of product performance, we have proposed advanced tolerancing method by using statistical tolerance index (STI). In this study, it is assumed that the performance of each product can be quantified and depends on the only functional dimension. It is also assumed that the dimension distribution of each machined part follows normal distribution. Consequently, performance of mass production can be quantified statistically. To control performance, we introduce STI which is composed of process capability limitation. After all, performance design is to calculate STI so as to satisfy the demand for performance. There are two problems in performance design. One is a synthesis of STI and another is an allocation of STI. These problems are just like the conventional tolerance synthesis and allocation problems. In this paper, the former problem is formulated algebraically.

Abstract: Shortage of housing and the growth of increasing demand of it are often considered as the essential problem in the developing countries. The studies indicate the issue is truly correct about Iran. The factors which always cause the problem of shortage of housing that the main and important of which in Iran are: the growth of population, need for renovation of old settings, inappropriate and imperfect current building industry and destruction by natural factors such as earthquake. All of these factors result in the considerable growth of housing demand. In this condition, mass production of housing in order to acceleration of building construction is necessitated. One of the difficulties involving mass production is not using of indigenous patterns in constructing process. The goal of this research is using of indigenous patterns in mass production and industrial housing and also replying to the question of how you can use the indigenous patterns in industrial architecture. Odlajan district of Tehran has been selected as case study. The typology of the existing housing extracted. Then selective patterns for industrial construction are offered. This research involves the simulation method in hypothesis test. Data collecting is based on librarical studies and field survey with the descriptive-analysis techniques.

Abstract: Triammonium citrate was manufactured by using neutralization of citric acid solution with liquid ammonia directly. Compared with conventional route using ammonium bicarbonate or aqueous ammonia as neutralizer, the method has advantages of simple technology process, 100% raw materials utilization ratio and totally zero emission during mass production；while the raw materials utilization ratio was only 22.8% and 48.6% for using ammonium bicarbonate or aqueous ammonia as neutralizer under the same conditions. Furthermore, the proposed green route to production of triammonium citrate will save at least 813.3 kJ and 948.4 kJ of energy for manufacturing each kilogram of product than using NH4HCO3 and NH3•H2O (25%) as neutralizer, respectively. Introduction