Papers by Keyword: Modified

Abstract: Indonesia is a tropical country with high rainfall, which necessitates pavement with higher void content and good drainage conditions. The quality of road pavement depends on the materials used. One type of asphalt mixture with high void content and permeability but low stability is porous asphalt. This is due to the composition of porous asphalt, which consists predominantly of coarse aggregates compared to fine aggregates. This study utilizes waste tires, Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), gilsonite, and 60/70 penetration asphalt as binders, referred to as modified asphalt, in porous asphalt mixtures. The objective of this study is to determine the Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) using waste tires, LDPE, gilsonite, and 60/70 penetration asphalt as binders in porous asphalt mixtures and to compare it with the OAC of conventional asphalt. The method used in this research is based on the Australian Asphalt Pavement Association (AAPA) (2004) method, employing open-graded porous asphalt with a maximum aggregate size of 14 mm. According to AAPA (2004), OAC determination requires three parameters: Cantabro Loss (CL), Asphalt Flow Down (AFD), and Voids in Mix (VIM). The study began with testing the physical properties of aggregates and asphalt, both conventional and modified. After testing the physical properties, the next step was determining the optimum asphalt content. The OAC obtained for porous asphalt mixtures using modified asphalt as a binder was 5.3%, while the OAC for conventional asphalt was 5.75%, serving as a comparison.

Abstract: This paper deals with the research of a new chemically resistant cement repair mortar modified with selected secondary raw materials. The aim of this work is to study the influence of particle distribution of fly ash on selected characteristics of the developed remediation material. This new mortar will be suitable for use in the extremely aggressive environment of sewers. The monitored parameters include key physical-mechanical characteristics and resistance to the attack of aggressive biogenic sulfuric acid. The chemical resistance was tested by simulating the exposure environment in laboratory conditions, according to the methodology of DIN 19573. The obtained results show that by optimizing the particle distribution of fly ash it is possible to maintain the values of physical-mechanical characteristics and improve the chemical resistance of test specimens of new repair mortar.

Abstract: Silicon-based anode materials have been widely discussed by researchers because of its high theoretical capacity, abundant resources and low working voltage platform,which has been considered to be the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However,there are some problems existing in the silicon-based anode materials greatly limit its wide application: during the process of charge/discharge, the materials are prone to about 300% volume expansion, which will resultin huge stress-strain and crushing or collapse on the anods; in the process of lithium removal, there is some reaction between active material and current collector, which creat an increase in the thickness of the solid phase electrolytic layer(SEI film); during charging and discharging, with the increase of cycle times, cracks will appear on the surface of silicon-based anode materials, which will cause the batteries life to decline. In order to solve these problems, firstly, we summarize the design of porous structure of nanometer sized silicon-based materials and focus on the construction of three-dimensional structural silicon-based materials, which using natural biomass, nanoporous carbon and metal organic framework as structural template. The three-dimensional structure not only increases the channel of lithium-ion intercalation and the rate of ion intercalation, but also makes the structure more stable than one-dimensional or two-dimensional. Secondly, the Si/C composite, SiOx composite and alloying treatment can improve the volume expansion effection, increase the rate of lithium-ion deblocking and optimize the electrochemical performance of the material. The composite materials are usually coated with elastic conductive materials on the surface to reduce the stress, increase the conductivity and improve the electrochemical performance. Finally, the future research direction of silicon-based anode materials is prospected.

Abstract: In order to make rational use of waste cattle hair, the protein filler was prepared by using chitosan modified keratin which hydrolyzed waste cattle hair, then used in retanning and filling process. The optimal modification conditions of keratin: chitosan: keratin was 20:80, pH value was 2, time was 5h, chitosan modified keratin product zeta potential was 31.3mV, nanometer particle size was 482d·nm. Chitosan-modified keratin can be used as chrome auxiliaries in the retanning process to significantly reduce total chromium in the waste liquid. At the same time, the modified keratin had good filling performance. Moreover, the softness, tearing force and tensile strength of the shoe upper leather which filled with chitosan modified keratin were improved.

Abstract: Chromium absorption using modified zeolites in the form of mono-cation (H-Zeolite) was carried out. Modifications are intended to increase the ability of ion exchange. Modifications made were chemical activation by adding ammonium chloride solution and physically by calcination. Zeolite used came from Kasongan, while as an activity test liquid waste from the electro plating industry PT. Mega Andalan Electro Plating. The parameter used for this study is the comparison of zeolite mass with waste samples. Comparisons used are 1: 5, 1: 7, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50. From the results of the study it can be seen that there is an increase in the ability of ion exchange in the modified zeolite and produces an optimum ratio of 1: 7 with an absorption efficiency of 13.44%..

Abstract: Ultrahigh Molecular Weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is modified by adding Polyimide (PI) and the performance of composite marerial is studied. The density as well as the Shore hardess of the modified UHMWPE composite increases with the percentage of PI. The average water absorption rate is less than 0.03%. the composites reaches steady-state creep after 287h’s compression. Electrical insulation capacity of the composite material with 1% PI is about equivalent to that of Thordon material and then the composite material with 5% PI composite materials and the performance of Tenmat material is poor. An experiment in artificial seawater is conduct as the test contact mode is the pin/disc contact, in which the pin sample is modified UHMWPE composite material, the results show that the friction coefficient of the modified UHMWPE composite is the smallest, the wear height of the UHMWPE/PI polymer is smaller than that of the other seven groups, and the PI content of composite is 1% and the wear height is the smallest, wear weight of tin bronze sn10-2 in pair of UHMWPE/PI polymer composites and Thordon and Tenma is in the same stage. As the PI weight percent increases, the depth and width of furrow cutting increase, and there are obvious characteristics of large PI particles shedding, and there are holes on the worn surface. There are obivous cracks on the worn surface of the Thordon material, and the characteristics of abrasive wear is shown in Tenmat material.

Abstract: ABC Telco as the largest state owned telecommunication company in Indonesia with 16,097 employees had introduced online collaboration application to support company’s operational activities in the end of 2014. Olive is targeted to change the way of work of every employee to become more effective and efficient. Either of the number of employees who has registered or employees who have been actively using the application is still small, amounting to 12% of the total employees. In order to increase the adoption of Olive, finding factors that affect the behavior intention of ABC employee toward online collaboration applications (Olive) is needed. Based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 [1], this study proposes a new modified model toward Olive. The measurement tool which consists of 8 constructs and 39 items proposed in this study is valid and reliable. Therefore, this proposed measurement material is ready to be used in further study.

Abstract: Modifications of red mud for activating available silicon (Si) by phosphates were carried on in this paper. And then the modified red mud materials were used to stabilize Cd in an ore soil. Results indicated that phosphates efficiently increase the content of available Si in red mud. In the stabilization, exchange Cd was decreased by 90.97% when using 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified red mud, which was better than using raw re mud as the decrease was 77.08%. In rice pot soil, increases of residue Cd were positively correlated with the increases of available Si (P<0.05, R=0.9965). Contents of Cd in root increased 53.87% while it in rice decreased 24.17% by adding 3% modified red mud.

Abstract: PLA is a bio-based biodegradable plastic, which has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Because the mechanical properties of microcellular foaming material is similar to petroleum-based plastics (PS), PLA foams have been considered as ideal alternative materials. However, PLA has several inherent drawbacks such as low melt strength and slow crystallization kinetics, which severely inhibit the PLA foaming process to produce high-density forms and uniform cell morphology. By adding a chain extender or nanoparticles, and blending with other biological materials, these ways could effectively enhance the expansion ratio and the cell density of PLA and improve the mechanical properties of PLA foams. The most current investigations on microcellular foaming of PLA were reviewed in the article, and outlook of PLA foams was raised.

Abstract: The mechanical properties and corrosion behaviors of the casting Al-Cu alloys were investigated. The proportion of the two modifiers (PrxOy and LaxOy) has effects on the mechanical properties and the electrochemical corrosion behavior of the casting Al-Cu alloy. The ultimate true tensile strength of the Al-Cu alloy modified only by LaxOy is the highest (616.0 MPa). The fracture strain of the Al-Cu alloy modified by PrxOy and LaxOy is the highest (12.3%). The Al-Cu alloy modified by PrxOy has better corrosion resistance than any other Al-Cu alloy. The prominent mechanical properties should be attributed to the finer crystal grains and more homogeneously distributed nano-scale phase precipitates. The existence of continuous and compact protective Al2O3 and RE-O films enhanced the corrosion resistance of the modified Al-Cu alloy during the corrosion process.