Papers by Keyword: Modified Starch

Abstract: Porous ceramic materials usually require an optimal porosity and pore-size distribution to maximize the yield of the required function. In the starch consolidation forming for porous ceramic materials, the porosity and pore size distribution are corresponding closely to the particle size and swelling property of starch. In order to control the porosity and pore size distribution of the porous alumina ceramics, different modified starches with different amounts were added to the alumina slurry with a 58 vol% alumina solid volume loading. The effects of different modified starches and their content on the rheological behavior of the alumina slurry and the porosity, pore size distribution, compressive strength and microstructure of the sintered body were investigated. The results indicated that alumina/starch composite slurry still maintain stable and plastic in suitable condition of slurry preparation. After drying and sintering, materials with ultimate porosities between 22.7 and 68.7% were obtained. The pore of the resulting materials distributed uniformly and the average size was varied from 10 to 40μm. It concluded that the average size was controlled by the modified starch type, amount and the degree of modification. When the amount of the modified starches was reached to 60 vol% the porosities of the sintered samples were varied from 63.5 to 68.7% with different modified starch type and their bending strength varied within the range of 24-32 MPa.

Abstract: A modified starch was employed to be the pore former in the in-situ consolidation forming process of porous alumina ceramic. In order to prepare ceramic slurry with high dispersion, high stabilization and high solid volume loading, the effects of modified starch content, dispersant content, alumina solid volume loading, pH value of the slurry and ball milling time on the rheological behavior of alumina ceramic slurry were investigated. The results indicated that the viscosity of the slurry increased with the modified starch content, alumina solid volume loading and ball milling time. When the pH value of the slurry was 9.0, the modified starch-alumina slurry exhibited high fluidity. The modified starch-alumina slurry was a pseudoplastic fluid exhibiting shear thinning behavior. The slurry possessed a desirable plasticity to enable shape forming when adding 50 vol% modified starch and 1.0 wt% dispersant to the alumina slurry at pH 9.0 after 14 h ball milling treatment.

Abstract: Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are well-known orthopedic materials for filling bone. However, CPC pastes tend to disintegrate immediately when contacting with blood or other aqueous (body) fluids, which is a main limitation of its clinical applications in bone repairing, reconstruction and augmentation. To improve the anti-washout performance of CPC, modified starches such as pre-gelatinized starch, etherified starch, and esterified starch were added to the liquid phase of CPC in this work. CPC with good anti-washout performance was prepared and the effects of the modified starches on the properties of CPC were investigated. The results showed that the CPC with the modified starches were more stable in simulated body fluid than that without modified starch, especially the CPC with the etherified starch (II). X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the modified starches did not inhibit CPC components from converting to hydroxyapatite. Furthermore, the anti-washout mechanism of the modified starches in CPC was discussed. It is concluded that the addition of the modified starches such as pre-gelatinized starch, etherified starch, and esterified starch to CPC can improve its anti-washout performance and should be of value in clinical surgery where the cement is exposed to blood.

Abstract: The forming of Al2O3 ceramics was carried out by the colloidal in-situ consolidation using modified starch in this work. The effects of the modified starch content in the alumina suspensions on their rheological behavior, consolidation, microstructure and properties of the green bodies were investigated. The different shape and high relative density of ceramic green bodies were achieved by this method. The results indicated that the alumina suspensions with modified starch were easier to cast due to their low viscosity and high fluidity. After drying, the linear shrinkage of the green bodies was low, ranging between about 1.5% and 2.2% and their bulk density was higher than 57% of the theoretical density. The maximum bending strength of the dried green bodies reached to 8.2 MPa and the microstructure of the green bodies was uniform with a narrow unimodal distribution of pore size. It is concluded that the colloidal in-situ consolidation casting using modified starch can perform near-net shaping of ceramic components with high-performance and it is a potential forming technique for ceramics.

Abstract: In this study modified starch were used as anti-washout promoters of injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and the effects of the modified starch on the injectability, anti-washout performance, setting time, compressive strength, phase evolution and microstructure of this cement were investigated. The injectability of the cement was improved by adding the modified starch (0.5-2.0%). After mixing with modified starch (0.5-2.0%), the cement showed better anti-washout performance than that without modified starch after immersed and shaken in SBF. Especially, when the content of the modified starch was 1.0%, the remaining percentage of the cement was reached to 92.6%, but only 5.9% of the CPC paste remained and set for the sample without modified starch after shaken for 2 hrs. The compressive strength of cements significantly increased from 44 MPa to 54 MPa when 0.5% of modified starch was added. And a slight increase on the mechanical strength can be observed for other concentrations. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed no significant difference for the conversion of the cement to hydroxyapatite for any concentrations of modified starches. The influence of the modified starch on the microstructure of the set cement was also studied. The results showed the modified starch would reduce the acicular crystal size of hydroxyapatite accompanied with little flaky crystals generation and made a compact structure. It is concluded that modified starch, a suitable anti-washout promoter, improved the performance of CPC.

Abstract: The results of studies on the application of new water-dispersible binders such as poly(acrylic-styrene), poly(acrylic-allyl ether) for die and isostatic pressing and tape casting of Al2O3 ceramics are presented. The properties of these acrylic polymers were modified by insertion of selected amphiphilic macromonomers into the polymer chains. These amphiphilic macromonomers, due to the proper ratio of the hydrophilic to hydrophobic fragments, play the role of not only an internal plasticizer, but they also modify the adhesion of such binders to the ceramic powder particles. The influence of chemical structure of these copolymers on the properties of alumina ceramics is discussed. The investigations on properties of alumina ceramics obtained by gelcasting method using new water soluble acrylic monomers containing hydroxyl groups in their chemical structure as well as by direct coagulation casting method using polymeric flocculants are also presented and discussed.