Papers by Keyword: Monitoring

Abstract: Rotating parts such as shafts, gear wheels, ball bearings or rollers are subject to wear that limits their life cycle. Damage causes loss of production and consequential damage to the entire production plant. Based on the application in a support roller, a system design is presented with which it is possible to record and wirelessly transmit relevant measured values in or on rotating machines without an additional voltage source. The system is largely maintenance-free and can be implemented with components that are currently freely available on the market.

Abstract: Abstract. Additive manufacturing of concrete structures is a novel and emerging technology. Freecontouring in civil engineering, which allows for entirely new designs, is a significant advantage. Inthe future, lower construction costs are expected with increased construction speeds and decreasingrequired materials and workers. However, architects and civil engineers rely on a certain quality ofexecution to fulfil construction standards. Although several techniques and approaches demonstratethe advantages, quality control during printing is highly challenging and rarely applied. Due to thecontinuous mixing process commonly used in 3D concrete printing, it is impossible to exclude varia-tions in the dry mixture or water content, and a test sample cannot be taken as a representative samplefor the whole structure. Although mortar properties vary only locally, a defect in one layer duringprinting could affect the entire integrity of the whole structure . Therefore, real-time process monitor-ing is required to record and document the printing process.At the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) a new test rig for the additive man-ufacturing of concrete is built. The primary purpose is measuring and monitoring the properties of amortar during the printing process.The following study investigates an approach for calculating yield stress and plastic viscosity based onexperimentally recorded pressure data. The calculations assume that fresh mortar behaves as a Bing-ham fluid and that the Buckingham-Reiner-equation is applicable. A test setup consisting of rigid pipeswith integrated pressure sensors at different positions is utilized.Monitoring the printing process with different sensors is crucial for the quality control of an ongoingprocess.

Abstract: The Automotive Industry is in constant evolution, thanks in part to its high level of production and customer demands for quality assurance. New processes, equipment and products are constantly emerging, leading to new vehicles launched to the public. These processes and equipment need adequate monitoring tools and forms of quality assurance, and it is the responsibility of the engineering department to look for economically viable and efficient ways of guaranteeing the quality of products in an industry where quality itself is considered one of its pillars. This work aims to develop and validate a solution for quality control in the automotive industry while taking full advantage of the technological factors provided by the equipment used. It deals with researching and applying a three-dimensions (3D) scanner in product quality monitoring tasks of a door panel manufacturing process. Pilot studies were carried out to assess the real capabilities of the equipment and determine problems that could arise when scaling the process for a real production of car door panels. The implementation and final results are also described in this work, showing that it is possible to develop a flexible equipment with multiple applications and apply it in the automotive industry.

Abstract: Vacuum assisted resin infusion (VARI) processes are widely used for the fabrication of large composite parts. For some years now, wind blades are designed with thermoset composite materials, however, recyclability is often the missing brick. The recent advent of thermoplastic materials such as ELIUM©, developed by ARKEMA, shows the possibility to consider the manufacture of very large parts such as wind turbine blades with recyclable constituents [1]. The French institute IRT Jules Verne is leading the research project ZEBRA, with a consortium of industrials, focusing on different thematics of the manufacturing of wind turbine blades, including process monitoring. In the objective of evaluating the possibility for anomaly detection during the ELIUM© infusion process, an infusion test bench was developed, equipped with different sensors including infrared camera, thermocouples and heat flow sensors. In this work, the thermal sensors are evaluated by the study of several infusion scenarios of plates fabricated under different process conditions and material parameters. Artificial anomalies are imposed into the process to evaluate the potential of these sensors to detect the induced disturbances. A numerical process modelling is developed, compared to the sensor outputs and used to achieve a better understanding of some effects observed during the process.

Abstract: Premature babies born before 38 weeks have a high risk of dying, requiring urgent care. Premature babies receiving intensive care in incubators need certain temperature, humidity, and a quiet room. In addition, the baby should also be ensured that his body temperature remains normal during the treatment period. Based on the condition of these vulnerable babies, it is very necessary to have a temperature monitoring system in the incubator. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop a baby incubator monitoring system that still uses the manual method to make it faster, easier, and more practical. This module is a tool that works independently and is not part of the baby incubator. Therefore, any brand of the incubator can be monitored using this module. The system in this module is wireless and uses a Wi-Fi network for data transmission. By using several ESP32 modules assembled into a central system, the data obtained from monitoring each sensor will be processed by the ESP32 which functions as a client, and collected at the central point of the ESP32 which functions as a server using the internal wifi network of the ESP32 itself as data transmission. The data from the server will subsequently be shown on the TFT Nextion display. Based on the overall measurement results using 2 baby incubators, the highest error values ​​were 1.387% for the incubator temperature parameter, 3.911% for the skin temperature parameter, 10.5% for the humidity parameter, and 25.692% for the noise parameter. The results showed that the module that was made still contained errors in each measurement. The results of this study will assist nurses in more simply and swiftly monitoring premature newborns.

Abstract: The paper considers principles of creating promising memristive structures based on composite oxides with agglomerates of nanoparticles. The proposed functional nanomaterial is promising for the formation of a composite structure of a memristor, consisting of two electrodes based on one or more nanoscale layers of metal oxides, which are separated by an active medium so that an insulating layer is applied between the electrodes at the periphery of the active medium region. A conductive layer is formed on top of the insulating layer, which is connected to the negative rail, which prevents leakage of negative oxygen ions through the insulating layer. The authors considered in detail technological process of integral production, which forms the necessary vertical profile of the memristive structure ensuring its greatest stability and repeatability of parameters. The implementation of a hardware-software complex for monitoring and diagnosing a memristive structure is proposed. As a result of the research, an original technical solution was created, which ensures formation of memristive structures with a high efficiency of impact on negative oxygen ions, which are charge carriers in this structure, which ensures their high productivity and stability of parameters.

Abstract: As a result of the design and construction of buildings and structures, the level of reliability of the construction structure or construction object as a whole is formed. The reliability specified in the project does not remain constant, but changes over time as a result of the imperfection of the design model of the building, inaccuracies of installation, as well as during the accumulation of defects and damage to the building during its use. Currently, the scope of work related to the assessment of the technical condition of buildings is constantly increasing. This is due not only to the increasing number of operated structures, but also an increase in safety requirements and an increase in the qualitative characteristics of buildings. The article proposes to maintain a unified approach to the inspection of the engineering and technical condition that uses the reliability criterion for the basic structural elements of buildings and structures. In modern conditions, it is important to determine the necessary level of reliability acceptable to economic considerations and meets modern safety requirements. It is important to calculate the numerical threshold values of the categories of the technical condition of building structures to eliminate the subjective approach to the assessment of their technical condition.

Abstract: Cob is an earthen building material made by soil, fibres and water used for millennia. However, cob construction disappeared out during the nineteenth century. These last years, it is experiencing a renaissance in Northwestern France and Southern England. Due to a limited technical knowledge, the investigation of engineering properties is important for modern design practice and code requirements. Moreover, to ensure building properties, it is necessary to have same quality mix along the building phases. The aim of this study is to determine material variation during the monitoring of a cob prototype building in Normandy (France). This study investigated structural cob mix composition, water content, density, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. Specimens shape used were cylindrical 110 x H220 mm and prismatic 300 x 300 x 70 mm. Results indicated a variation in cob mix (water content, materials proportions) between three different lifts. These variations lead to different densities and, consequently, to variables compressive strengths: 0.99 to 1.38 MPa and thermal conductivities from 0.610 - 0.816 W.m^-1∙K^-1.

Abstract: Internet of Thing technology (IoT) is currently developed and IoT commercial networks are being operated and developed in the Czech Republic, as for example LoRa or SigFox. In order to monitor structures or environments (temperature or relative air humidity etc.) with use of these technologies, very cheap hardware can be used, as is the micro controller ESP32 (or its precursor ESP8266). More substantial part of costs represents programming and adjustment for the actual measurement. This article is containing pilot verification of the measuring system based on the above technology during the monitoring of relative displacements in cracks and temperatures of environment on the building structure of cultural monument Church of St. Martin in Zlatá Olešnice. We applied the measurement with sensors of displacement across cracks of the masonry structure in combination with the measurement of the air temperature. The measurement of some cracks proved that the relative displacement is significantly independent on the temperature and, therefore, the displacement is most likely influenced by the unstable conditions in the subsoil of the structure, which is also greatly affected by a ground moisture.

Abstract: In Ukraine there is a tendency to increase the number of man-made emergencies, which directly affects the state of the environment and the population. Particularly dangerous situations are formed in case of disturbance of objects with high risk conditions, which include oil extraction enterprises. Observing the state of the environment and the operation of technological equipment at such enterprises, warning of the risk of emergencies that are hazardous to human health and the environment, are the basis and task of monitoring. The results of engineering and ecological analysis of the state of ecological and technogenic danger on the example of private joint-stock company «Kropyvnytskyi oil extraction plant» are presented in the work. The main probable factors of its formation at each technological stage of production are established. The sources of environmental and human hazards are technological equipment and materials. Pollutants of land, water and atmospheric air are dust of vegetable origin and meal, solvent of hexane and its vapors, carbon dioxide and washing solution - soda ash, etc. Expert evaluation of the main production operation - oil extraction was carried out in detail. The extraction process is the main production operation for both press oil and extraction oil, as well as cake and meal. The results of the study can be used to clarify the program of monitoring the sources of technogenic and environmental risk at high risk facilities, planning activities and means of improving the resilience of the enterprises of the industry, preventing emergencies and minimizing their consequences. Awareness enhances management efficiency and minimizes environmental and population risks.