Papers by Keyword: Morphology

Abstract: Cipangopaludina chinensis was exposed to Roxithromycin, and the first, the fifth and the tenth days of the C. chinensis were chosen, then the liver of the C. chinensis were made into slices. The results showed that the live treated by Roxithromycin had shown certain changes in the structure. The liver cells were disorganized, and the number of fat bubbles increased. What’s more, some nucleus deviated from the original position, and the number of ovarian follicles increased, too. This paper explored the effect of Roxithromycin in water on the morphology of tissues in C. chinensis in order to provide a reference about the environment of the growth of benthonic animals, and provide basis for the controlling and management of the water pollution as well as the bioremediations of water environment.

Abstract: Tensile test and morphology studies were performed to determine the influences of Trans-polyoctylene Rubber (TOR) as compatibilizer of NBRr filled ENR 50 with composition of 15 phr. Fine size (300μm-700μm) of NBRr was used as fillers. Both uncompatibilized and compatibilized NBRr/ENR 50 were prepared using two roll mill at room temperature with different php of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0. It can be observed that tensile strength and modulus of elasticity were decreased as increased in TOR loading before started to increased at 1.5 up to 3.0. Meanwhile, the increment in the value of elongation at break when increased in the addition of TOR. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the tensile surface fracture of increased TOR loading illustrated a better adhesion and dispersion in comparison of low amount of TOR loading.

Abstract: Effects of citric acid on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic tapioca starch/high density polyethylene/natural rubber (HDPE/NR/TPS) blends were investigated. The ratio between HDPE/NR was fixed at 70/30 and used as a matrix system. TPS loadings with and without modification with citric acid (CA) were varied from 0% to 30wt%. Mechanical and physical properties of blends were evaluated as a function of TPS loadings modified with and without CA. The tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break were found to decrease with increasing TPS content. However an improvement in the tensile strength for TPS modified with CA at 5%, 10% and 20% TPS loadings was observed. The degree of TPS adhesion and dispersion in HDPE/NR blends were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM).Keywords; HDPE/NR/TPS, citric acid, tensile properties, morphology.

Abstract: The effects on the properties of recycled latex glove (RL-G) filled Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR 50) were studied. Both compounds were prepared by two roll mill at five different compositions of RL-G (5, 15, 25, 35 and 50 phr). The size range of RL-G particles i.e., S₁ (300μm-700μm) and S₂ (3cm-5cm) were used. The properties such as tensile properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, and stress at 100% elongation) and morphology studies were determined. The results indicated that the both size, S₁ and S₂ of recycled latex glove filled ENR 50 blends exhibited an increased in tensile strength and elongation at break for increasing weight ratio of RL-G. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fracture surfaces shows that the fine size, S₁ RL-G/ENR50 exhibited high surface roughness and matrix tearing lines than the coarse size, S₂ thus improving the compatibility of RL-G/ENR50 compounds. The results overall indicated that the fine size, S₁of RL-G filled ENR50 contributed to the better properties such as tensile strength and surface morphology compared to the coarse size, S₂ mainly at 15 phr of RL-G content.

Abstract: The effect of recycled silicone catheter (rSC) on tensile properties (tensile strength, modulus at 100% elongation and elongation at break) and morphology of recycled silicone catheter filled epoxidised natural rubber (ENR 50/rSC) vulcanizates were studied in loading range of 0 to 50 phr with two different size; fine (300-600μm) and coarse (1-2 cm). For tensile properties, tensile strength, modulus at 100% elongation (M₁₀₀) and elongation at break (E_B) for both ENR 50/rSC fine and coarse vulcanizates show increment up to 15 phr but then decreased as the rSC content increased. Comparison between ENR 50/rSC fine and coarse vulcanizates indicates that ENR 50/rSC fine vulcanizates has better tensile properties than ENR 50/rSC coarse vulcanizates due to better dispersion and filler-rubber interaction as proven in morphological study. The results indicate that the morphology of ENR 50/rSC fine vulcanizate is better than that of ENR 50/rSC coarse vulcanizates in which fine rSC well bonded with ENR 50.

Abstract: Low density polyethylene (LDPE) and natural rubber (NR) filled silica composites were prepared by using internal mixer (Brabender) at 150°C and 50 rpm for 10 minutes. Silica was incorporated into polymer matrix by three mixing routes by using Brabender. In mixing I, filler was added into LDPE/NR blend. In mixing II, filler was added prior to LDPE, which was further compounded with NR. In mixing III, filled was pre-dispersed into NR using two-roll mill, after that the compound is blended with LDPE. The effects of filler incorporation routes on the morphological and tensile properties of prepared composites were studied. Observation from SEM result showed that silica tended to localize in NR phase than LDPE phase in the composite. In addition, silica filled LDPE/NR composite exhibited the highest tensile strength in mixing II and lowest in mixing III. Tensile fracture surface of the composites showed typical morphology of LDPE and NR phase depending on mixing methods. KEYWORDS: LDPE/NR, silica, mixing order, tensile properties, morphology

Abstract: NaYF4 microcrystals were synthesized using a hydrothermal method, and the effects of the EDTA and NaF addition amount on the crystal structure, morphology and size were systematically studied. When the NaF addition amount increase, the size of the NaYF4 microcrystal increase, the excess F- ions promote the formation of β-phase of NaYF4. EDTA significantly modifies the morphology of the crystals. When addition the EDTA the crystals transition from irregular silkworm-like microcrystal to hexagonal microprisms. And the EDTA also promote the hexagonal phase formation.

Abstract: This research will thus try to broaden the properties of bioplastics to be used as smart materials. Cellulose nanowhiskers will be initially prepared from different cellulose source and its morphology will be investigated. Water-activated shape memories nanocomposites will be consequently prepared from the obtained cellulose nanowhiskers and three polymers those are PBS and PBAT. The mechanical, physical and morphological will be investigated. The influences of cellulose nanowhiskers and their morphology on water-activated shape memory behavior will be studied.Recently, natural fiber have extensively used as reinforcement materials in polymeric nanocomposite due to environment concerns. Cellulose nanowhisker (CNWs) have also attracted much attention as environmentally friendly nanofillers for polymer composites. Cellulose nanowhiskers were extracted from commercial source, paper filter and alpha cellulose, using acid hydrolysis by sulfuric acid with various hydrolysis times (20,45,70,95,120 minutes), temperature (35,45,60°C). The hydrolyzed cellulose was neutralized with two different techniques, dialysis and titration. The samples were then sonicated and dried with a freeze dryer. The effects of preparation conditions on the morphological of cellulose nanowhisker were investigated. Cellulose nanowhisker powders were characterized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that it was possible to obtain ultrathin cellulose nanowhiskers with diameters as low as 9 nm. A possible correlation between preparation conditions and particle size was not observed but titration technique time process was reduced.

Abstract: The nanofibers of EVOH which was dissolved in DMAC/IPA solution system were successfully prepared by eletrospinning. Through designed the electrospinning parameter of EVOH and observed the fiber morphology by the Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscope(FESEM), we analyzed the influence of different spinning parameters to the fibers. And finally the optimum spinning process of EVOH nanofibers was obtained, which has the spinning concentration of 18wt%, spinning voltage of 29kV and receiving distance of 18cm. The average diameters of the well spun fibers using the solution system were concentrated between 65nm-105nm.

Abstract: A kind of novel biodegradable Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) nanofibers using a mixture of Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) and Tetrahydrofuran (THF) as solvent were prepared by electrospinning process in this paper. The morphology of electrospun CPVC nanofiber nonwovens were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that the morphology and diameter of the electrospun fibers were influenced by CPVC solution concentration and the THF amount in the mixed solvents, and the finer and uniform nanofibers were electrospun from a mixed solvent of DMF and THF with ratio of 3/1(w/w).