Papers by Keyword: Nutrient

Abstract: Increased use of coal has an impact on the environment because of the waste from coal combustion residual. It also has an impact on the management of waste due to limited land for the temporary storage of waste owned by the coal user industry. In the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management, fly ash and bottom ash are registered as non-hazardous waste. The addition of fly ash to the planting medium can affect soil fertility and biota in the soil. The number of heavy metals contained in the soil to which fly ash is added depends on the amount of fly ash so that it can affect the heavy metals in plants. The number of microbial populations in the soil such as fungi and actinomycetes in the soil decreases with the added concentration of fly ash which is due to changes in soil pH such as denitrifying microbes. In this research, cocopeat, and guano growing media were used in a ratio of 1:1. The addition of fly ash to the planting medium were 20%, 30%, and 40%. In addition, this research also evaluated the effect of the addition of EM4 and the selected microbes on the growing media mixture. The planting medium was aerobically fermented for one week, two weeks, and three weeks. Then it was tested for macro elements, the number of bacteria, moisture, and pH every week. The mixture of planting media was tested on mustard pakcoy for one month to see the growth of the plant indicated by the number of leaves and plant height. From the results of this research, it was found that bacteria affect the growing media (pH, the number of microbes, phosphate, and potassium) and the plant growth in the height and total of leaves. Variations in the addition of fly ash to the growing media affect phosphate and aluminium content.

Abstract: Dissolved oxygen in water is one of the factors affecting plant growth in the hydroponic nutrient film technique system. The fine bubble generator technique allows the provision of high dissolved oxygen levels in water with fine bubble size and prolonged water existence. The experiment was conducted to observe the effect of fine bubbles on choy sum plant growth. Plant growth parameters including leaf length (Pd), leaf width (Ld), plant height (Tt), number of leaves (Jd), and root weight (Ba) were measured every two days while the total plant weight was measured at harvest. Nutritional water quality and microclimate were controlled using internet of things (IoT) based sensors every 5 minutes. The research data were processed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the use of fine bubbles increased the electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS). On the contrary, the nutrient solution’s temperature increased, thus reducing the total dissolved oxygen content. The yields showed that the choy sum plant growth using fine bubbles application weighed 1.71 kg (5 samples) better than the control 1.35 kg.

Abstract: Data collected from 24 marine monitoring stations in Luanhekou-Beidaihe ecological monitoring marine area from 1999 to 2014 reveal a substantial change in the nutrient of this region. The content of nitrogenous nutrients has increased, but phosphate and silicate have decreased. The average N:P ratios have increased from 4.951 in 1999 to 47.188 in 2014;while the Si:N ratios have decreased. The nutrient structure has substantially changed over a period of 16 years. Before 2004, phosphate was relative surplus but inorganic nitrogen was relative lack, while relative surplus of inorganic nitrogen and relative lack of phosphate after 2004. The water quality changed from low nitrogen and high phosphorus (before 2004) to high nitrogen and low phosphorus (after 2004).This finding shows that the nutrient structure may be related to anthropogenic influence.

Abstract: The wet market wastewater may lead to pollution, odour and aesthetic problems to the environment and society if not treating properly. Thus, this research was conducted to culture microalgae Scenedesmus sp. and to identify the optimal concentration of microalgae Scenedesmus sp. due to the nutrient and heavy metal removals from wet market wastewater based on laboratory scale. The samples were taken from Public Market Parit Raja, Batu Pahat at 9a.m. in the morning using grab sampling technique. The characteristics of raw wastewater and microalgae Scenedesmus sp. were determined. There are five sample wastewater (used 625ml for each five sample wastewater) with five different sample concentrations of microalgae which are 6.50x10⁵, 49.88x10⁴, 34.75x10⁴, 19.63x10⁴ and 49.88x10⁴ cell/ml with 16 days as duration for period study. The microalgae were cultured by BBM for eight days and another eight days for treatment with replicates three times for each sample. The analysis were measured due to the nutrient and heavy metal removals which are TN, TP, TOC, Fe and Zn during eight days treatment process. Based on experimental result, the optimum efficiency removals for each concentration were achieved 45.6-86.4% of nutrients and heavy metals removal. The highest amount of nutrient and heavy metal removals after wastewater treatment by microalgae are TN 74.77%, TP 82.17%, TOC 86.36%, Fe 65.76% and Zn 84.14%. As conclusion for this experiment, Sample 2 (concentration 49.88x10⁴ cell/ml of microalgae Scenedesmus sp.) is the optimum concentration due to the highest percentage of nutrients and heavy metals removal which achieved 65.3-82.1% which TN 65.32%, TP 76.77%, TOC 80.34%, Fe 65.76% and Zn 82.12%.

Abstract: There is a growing interest in the application of ecological models to evaluate past, present, and future direct and indirect effects from various stressors including nutrients, organic wastes, flow, temperature etc. in aquatic ecosystems. For this study, AQUATOX simulation was established, calibrated and validated to model the aquatic ecosystem of Yincun Port River with field measured data and historical records between April 2013 and October2014. The results showed the AQUATOX simulation reasonably represented the real situation of Yincun Port. Moreover, sensitivity analysis revealed the value of Phytoplankton Chlorophyll was highly sensitive to nutrient input, temperature and parameters related to temperature limitations. Furthermore, this model was applied as a forecasting tool to analyze the response of Chl. a to nutrient input.

Abstract: In this study, the performance treatment of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSFCW) was evaluated. The HSFCW built as a tertiary treatment process after the biological reactors to improve the effluent quality. The HSFCW system was operated with different hydraulic loading rates (HLRs) ranged from 0.15 to 0.333 m³/ (m².d) to assess their influence on removal efficiency. During the system operation time, the average temperature was ranged of 22.3 to 31.2 °C and pH ranges was 7.3 – 8.1. The Ipomoea aquatica (Chinese spinach) planted into HSFCW system and the growth parameters during the experimental operation observed. The Ipomoea aquatica growth parameters such as the plant height, a fresh and dry weights were monitored and measured. The influent and effluent of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were examined. The removal efficiency for all parameters showed decreased with an increase in HLR from 0.15 to 0.333 m³/ (m².day). The results demonstrated that the average removal efficiency of the COD, NH₄-N, TN and TP during system operation is 52.9%, 64.6%, 58.2% and 72.8% respectively. These results confirm that the HSFCW has a good efficient in treatment and can be used for the nutrients and organic matter removal from the domestic wastewater.

Abstract: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was examined for its applicability in modeling stream-flow and nutrients (total nitrogen, TN and total phosphorus, TP) in Ashi River Basin, China covering an area of 3545 km². This model was calibrated by using the observed data of monthly flow during 1996-2005 and nutrients (TN and TP) during 2006-2008, and validated by using the observed data of monthly flow during 2006-2010 and water quality during 2009-2010. For stream-flow, the monthly results of RE, R² and E_NS values reached 6.42%, 0.61 and 0.59 respectively for calibration period, whereas these were-12.83%, 0.69 and 0.67, respectively for validation period; for TN calibration, values of RE, R² and E_NS were-18.33%, 0.64 and 0.55 respectively, and for validation period they were-17.34%, 0.68 and 0.57 respectively; for TP calibration, values of RE, R² and E_NS were-4.32%, 0.61 and 0.56 respectively, and for validation period they were-18.02%, 0.67 and 0.58 respectively. Results show that SWAT has applicability in modeling stream-flow and nutrients (TN and TP) in cold and flat area.

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of water-nitrogen coupling on dry matter and nutrient accumulation of flue-cured tobacco, 9 treatments with different lowest limits and nitrogen fertilizer amount were designed, and the distribution and accumulation of dry matter and nutrient (N, P and K) of flue-cured tobaccos under water-nitrogen coupling treatments were observed. Results showed that: (1) High irrigation amount could not certainly increase the dry matter accumulation of tobacco root, but which was beneficial to the dry matter accumulation of whole tobacco plant. (2) Dry weight proportion of flue-cured tobacco leaves was highest, which was above 55% among the treatments. (3) Higher water and nitrogen promoted the nutrient accumulation of flue-cured tobaccos, nutrient content of W3N3, W3N2 and W2N2 was higher compared to other treatments.

Abstract: The distributions of net-phytoplankton and nutrients were studied in Xiangshan Bay in summer, 2012. The results showed that in summer, the higher values of net-phytoplankton cell abundance were distributed in the areas of Tie port, Huangdun port and Xihu Port. Whereas, the lower values were mainly found in the stations located in the outer area of Xiangshan Bay and the area around Liuheng Island. The content of nitrate in the middle of the bay was higher than that both in the bottom and the entrance of the bay. The concentration of nitrate in the bottom water was a little higher than that in the surface water. The distribution trends of the concentration of nitrite, ammonium and phosphate were almost the same. The higher values were discovered in the sea area of Tie port and Huangdun port and the lower were mainly distributed in the area of the outer Xiangshan Bay and the sea area around Liuheng Island. The distribution trends were almost the same no matter in the surface water or in the bottom water. From the bottom to the middle to the entrance of the bay, the values reduced in turn. In summer, in the water of Xiangshan Bay, net-phytoplankton cell abundance and nutrient (N, P) content didn’t have significant correlation. The concentration of the nutrients (Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonium and Phosphate) was far more than the minimum threshold of the growth of phytoplankton.

Abstract: The precision agriculture (PA) is the end product of the modern high tech's information technology and the agricultural production technology union. The soil nutrients are not only an important component of soil research, but also a critical determinant of its productivity. Some soil nutrients spatial distribution pictures were established based on important factors that affect crops production. The soil nutrient situation was understood by the paper in Jilin province black soil. The results can realized some information opening and sharing and helped some farmer and manager to understand some soil nutrient spatial distribution. They can speed up the development of Jilin province’s precision agriculture.