Papers by Keyword: Oil

Abstract: The article analyzes the promising polymeric materials to be used as a template in the manufacture of magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs). MAEs belong to the group of so-called smart materials; they can be used to creeate new techniques and technologies. MAEs are promising materials used to manufacture the working chamber of pumping units for the implementation of peristaltic movements in highly viscous and highly condensed substances. Environments, which is in contact with an element of MAEs, specifically high viscosity asphaltenic oil, impose substantial restrictions on the choice of the polymer matrix for its production, taking into consideration the influence of the material selected to modify the rheological properties of the resultant material. Studies of fluoropolymers basic properties have been conducted. According to their results it is concluded that fluorine-containing polymers can be used as the polymer matrix to manufacture MAEs in contact with aggressive high viscosity substances.

Abstract: Oil and gas long-distance pipelines which are buried under ground often have to be closely laid in the narrow area with the high voltage electric-power line. The earth electrode of the electric tower seriously impacts the cathodic protection system of the pipeline when it discharges electricity into the earth. Sometimes the cathodic protection system may even lose its efficacy and the pipe being corroded. Under this condition, fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) has been paid more and more attention as the alterative of the steel pipe because of its outstanding cathodic-resisting property. In this article, the property of FRP compared with the steel was analyzed. The advantages and shortcomings of FRP as the material of oil and gas long-distance pipeline were introduced. Furthermore the feasibility of FRP pipeline was discussed.

Abstract: A dissolvable material used in oil/gas field was introduced. The corrosion property of the dissolvable material was characterized by using immersion method and scanning electron microscope. The dissolvable material could quickly react with KCl solution, and the reaction rate improved with the increase of the temperature. In some cases, the downhole tools made by dissolvable materials should not react with well fluid in a short term. Then a protective multilayer coating was fabricated on the material surface. The protective effect of the coating was evaluated with high temperature immersion method. The results indicated that the coating could effectively inhibit the dissolvable material reacting with KCl solution.

Abstract: The goal of the paper is to determine a possibility to use methyl cameline esters and their mixtures with diesel oil (in ratios of 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20) as fuels for compression-ignition engines (diesel engines). The cameline esters obtained in the result of one-step basic transesterification were characterised in respect of kinematic viscosity at 40°C, density at 15°C, acid number, solid impurities content, sulfur content, ignition temperature, temperature of cold filter clogging, and oxidation resistance at 110°C. It was shown that majority of factors of pure cameline esters analysed in the paper, excluding content of impurities and oxidation resistance, met the requirements of the PN-EN 14214, 2012 standard. Whereas, in case of mixtures of diesel oil with varied addition of esters, it was ascertained that 5, 10 and 15% addition of the biocomponent did not affect significantly the physico-chemical properties of the prepared fuel. In turn, the highest, 20% share of a cameline ester caused a slight increase in viscosity, density, content of impurities and ignition temperature of the obtained mixture. However, it is noteworthy that these factors did not exceed the acceptable values according to the standard. In general, it was also ascertained that the only parameter disqualifying use of these samples as a fuel for compression-ignition engines was too high content of impurities.

Abstract: As inspired by the pH paper for the determination of the acidity levels of solutions, we have developed a wettability-based colorimetric test strip to differentiate the composition of gasoline/oil mixtures. These mixtures are widely used in two-stroke motor engines. A method that is rapid, low cost and simple-to-use will facilitate the differentiation of these gasoline/oil mixtures, and ensure the use of these mixtures in the proper ratios in two-stroke engines for optimized engine performance and endurance. An inverse opal film (IOF) consisting of nanopores was synthesized on the silicon strips. These strips were then functionalized with alkysilanes through chemical vapor deposition. Based on the observation that the silanized nanopores are wetted or not wetted by the gasoline/oil mixtures, we are able to differentiate between the 16:1 and 1:1 mixtures.

Abstract: In order to improve the pump station control quality a special case of fuzzy controllers has been suggested to use, in which both the input and output variables are represented by a set of mutually non-overlapping terms of the rectangular shape of the membership function (precise terms). As it has been found out there is only one term in this set at any moment of time that is equal to a logical unit, whereas in the production rules system operating such terms, at any arbitrary moment of time, only one production rule antecedent is equal to a logical unit. This allows without losing of the control adequacy in each controller production system scanning cycle not to execute it completely, but solely as far as the rule, whose antecedent at a given moment is equal the logical unit, which also offers immense opportunities to increase the controller speed. In fuzzy controllers with precise terms, unlike the conventional fuzzy controllers the control precision has been shown to be invariant with respect to the complexity of the production rules conditional part structure. It is now clear that precision of fuzzy controllers with precise terms in the control systems as represented by verbal models is compatible with PID-controllers precision while using them to control the linear process facilities.

Abstract: Toxicity of industrial waters at several stages of treatment in model experiment was esteemed in Allium test. It was shown that ability of water to inhibit growth of onions roots decreased together with decreasing of organic matter content in dependence near to logarithmic. Qualitative difference between organic matter in treated and not treated water was observed. In not treated samples diluted to concentrations about 300–550 mgTOC/L toxic effect was 5 times higher than in not diluted waters at final stages of treatment with close content of organic matter (400-460 mgTOC/L). Toxic effect of treated water was close to that of tap water (used as control sample and for wastewater dilution).

Abstract: Oil is necessary for most of the heat pumps, cooling and freezing equipment, for proper operation of the compressor and other moving parts. Speed of the refrigerant vapor in the critical section, which is suction piping, is strongly dependent on the evaporating temperature, but also on the actual device performance. Well-designed piping is essential to the proper function of the cooling devices or heat pumps and affects the efficiency of the device. The aim of this paper is to describe problems of returning of oil in refrigerant devices and investigate the exact solution of design of refrigerant speed for carrying the lubricating oil in all segments of refrigerant pipes. Paper is based on facts obtained during developing of new refrigeration equipment. The resulting proposal of the device was numerically verified.

Abstract: A Chinese oil company realized millions of tons of oil and gas productivity to meet the target of twelfth 5 years plan. It faces many big challenges while fast developing. We need to finish the asset integrated management system, strengthen the key equipment’s management and ensure safety operation. This paper is based on Asset integrated management implementation and risk management theory, to study the information system and IT infrastructure, to provide the evidence for leaders decision making. It can guide the business development and support the improvement, to make the data standardization, control the process and enhance the management and performance assessment ability for the corporation. The article uses the factor research method based on paper survey to analyze the data and IT system. It is divided three parts: background and requirement analysis, infrastructure design and development roadmap. It not only proposed that how to build AIM IT system, but also make the investment and returning analysis. From the degree of IT supporting business, this paper replies the problem of management increasing of National Company and Assets Management Committee.

Abstract: For improving the reliability and resource utilization of oil and gas pipeline Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, the application framework of oil and gas pipeline SCADA system based on cloud computing and a high reliability scheduling algorithm is proposed in the paper. Simulation results show the SCADA system based on cloud computing with new scheduling algorithm can realize history data backup in many computers and real-time data processed with primary-backup copy. So, the new application framework and new scheduling algorithm can provide better reliability and improve the resource utilization of system.