Papers by Keyword: Orientation

Abstract: The term cold-drawing of tubes refers to forming when the final material (a tube) is formed in a pipe bell and its vertical cross-section is smaller, the tube wall is thinner or thicker and its length is greater. Steel is most commonly the final material. The forming proceeds in a few draws which depend on the final tube dimension. The selection of relative reduction for particular diameters plays an important role because an unbalanced reduction causes stress, and therefore also deformation or cracks during drawing. The technological parameters are: rolling temperature, de-burring of tube ends, the reduction, which determines the dimensions of the forming tools, the optimal chemical modification, the speed of forming on the drawbenches, and the method of tube drawing.

Abstract: LaNiO₃ (LNO) is known as a candidate for oxide electrodes with perovskite type crystal structure which is suitable for lattice matching with conventional perovskite ferroelectrics, Pb (Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT), BaTiO₃ (BTO), etc. We have been investigating thermal expansion effects of the LNO film with PZT/LNO/Si and BTO/LNO/Si structures, where ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are enhanced by a compressive thermals stress impressed from the LNO layer to the ferrelectric films. The ferroelectric films also shows high [00 orientation owing to [100] orientation of the LNO film. In the present study, further investigation of the LNO films prepared on Si substrates by CSD method is made by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in order to understand self-orientation along [100] perpendicular to the film plane which effectively leads orientation of PZT films prepared on the LNO film. The results obviously indicates that the 1 layer deposited LNO film has almost no orientation, whereas it shows tendency of orientation of [100] perpendicular to the film plane when the layer number increased.

Abstract: The precision turning experiments of aluminium composites reinforced with SiC whisker reinforcements were done by polycrystalloid diamond (PCD) tools. The measure analysis of the machined surface was carried out with Atom Force Microscope (AFM) and Scan Electronic Microscope (SEM). The roughness values of the machined surface were measured by Talysurf-6. The results show that the orientation of reinforcements in the machined surface will directly affect the deformation mechanism of SiC whiskers, microstructures of the machined surface, and to determine the quality of the machined surface. In the five types from A to E of SiC whisker orientation, the orientation of case A easily makes to produce SiC whisker deformation by cutting off directly, and to result in the best machined surface. However, for the orientation of case E, it easily makes to induce SiC whisker deformation by pulling out or pressing into aluminium matrix, and to produce the worst machined surface.

Abstract: Lead zirconium titanate Pb (Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃ (PZT) thin films have been deposited on Pt/Ti/Si substrate by rf-magnetron sputtering. X rays diffraction revealed that at 600°C the PZT thin film had crystallized into ABO₃ perovskite phase. Degree of crystallization depended on annealing temperature. The perovskite grains were textured predominantly along the (110) direction. The grain size was about 140 nm and almost unchanged under different annealing temperature. With the annealing temperature increasing, the degree of crystallization was improved. La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO₃(LSCO) thin film was grown on Pt/Ti/Si as buffer layer. PZT with LSCO buffer layer was intensively (110) preferred orientation and the morphology of PZT thin film changed greatly.

Abstract: Feng shui , Chinese traditional gardening theory and construction theory Constitute the three pillars of the ancient Chinese architecture theory. The influence of Feng shui in residential construction is great, the core content is the knowledge of choosing and dealing with the living environment for people. Therefore, the impact and the use of Feng shui in the design and the layout of interior doors and windows is the content which should be understand for every qualified architect.

Abstract: SURF (Speeded Up Robust Features) is known to be a famous and strong but computationally still expensive.It has not attained real-time performance yet. In this paper we analysis the SURF in orientation and descriptors extraction method forresolvingsome problems. For example, matching images through the SURF algorithm spends too much time and causes some errors by integral images. We propose a novel orientation and descriptor algorithm to improve the conventional SURF. Theproposed method shows some advantages such as a faster speed.

Abstract: Through complex variables function, wave propagation of perforated thin-walled plates is deduced. And it is found out that the dynamical stress concentrates where the concentration parameter vertical to incident orientation is about 1.5, and with the increase of incident wave frequency, holes have less influence on the dynamical stress concentration during wave propagation. With the help of acoustic emission technique, holes do not have much effect on nondestructive test of acoustic emission.

Abstract: A system for orientation the best imaging location of aerial cameras is designed, and the working principle, hardware components of the system are described. The orientation information is produced by collimator. The best imaging location is determined by size of the collecting image with area CCD camera and the data is processed by least square method. The converter controls the translation of the camera in axial direction precisely. Off-focus or not is judged based on the distance between the real image location and the best image location. Through the tests of multiple aerial cameras, the estimation of off-focus or not is similar with test flight result with the system.

Abstract: A lot of phases can be present in the structure of cast iron depending on the quality and the heat treatment processes. By using the color etching, the different phases – e.g. the carbides – can exactly be identified and their quantity can be measured. The carbide of iron (cementite) or other types of carbides existing in the structure have a significant influence on the properties of cast product therefore strict prescriptions regulate their quantity mainly in case of making cast products for the motor-car industry. In the course of our experiments performed by using the color etching, we proved that carbides can be detected and their quantity can be determined by using the digital image processing method by means of the different reagents. Other different characteristics of the structure can become visible by means of the reagents used during the color etching. During the investigations, it was experienced that some of the ferrite grains are etched in different color. This is probably connected to the orientation of grains as the thickness of interference-film is different on the anode phases having different orientation and therefore they color in different tones.

Abstract: In robotic systems navigation, it is necessary to determine the direction, in which the local coordinate system of a robot is to be turned in regards to the reference, global system. That direction from mathematical point of view is the rotation along one axis of the reference system, such that the reference system coincides with the local system associated with the body, which direction is defined. There is an assumption that the rotations along two other axes do not exist or they were taken into account in the calculations. A question appears: what is the measurement of the direction based on The answer to that question is provided by nature [1, , because it has already solved this problem long ago. In migratory species such as birds, bees and fish, evolved magnetoreception abilities which allow an animal to detect the magnetic field of Earth. These abilities enable such organisms to navigate in space. In many devices magnetic field sensors called magnetometers are already used. However, magnetic measurements are subject to many kinds of distortions and errors. This paper shows a practical approach to a robot navigation problem.