Papers by Keyword: Orthodontics

Abstract: Current research is carried out for newly developed of Bio-CPNC biomaterial nanocomposite for dentistry applications. The developed Bio-CPNC is invented of clay-based polymer CPNC and palm-tree micro-fibers, where CPNC is composed by nanotechnology of HDPE and MMT nanoclay. The research contains the methodology of design, processing, testing and characterization mainly focusing on mechanical and fracture properties, microstructure morphology and testing of thermal effect changes due to surrounding temperature changes. The necessity for finding new biomaterials and new techniques for dental materials for restoration and orthodontics with high biocompatibility with human bones and tissue are the aim for developing this natural bio-nanocomposites to be instead of using ceramics and metals like titanium. The new developed bio-CPNC dental material have special mechanical, thermal and fracture properties to resist the effects of occlusal loads of mastication with sustainability without expecting bad effects with orofacial esthetics and normal lingual ability because it is green. It can be applied for different types of orthodontics like crowns, bridges and dental implants. The study included processing, design, testing and characterization of different properties. The testing included detailed fundamental experimental work for investigation of the changes of mechanical and fracture properties based on fracture mechanics science. The results and comparison are promising where they are showing large enhancement of the mechanical, fracture and thermal properties of Bio-CPNC in comparison to the polymer material which encourage the researchers, dentists, and dental-companies for extra research to stabilize these natural green Bio-CPNC nanocomposite for dental applications with reducing the cost where all materials components are available locally in comparison to use of conventional ceramics materials or expensive zirconia composites.

Abstract: The article focuses on the research of selected thermoplastic materials processed by the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing method and dimensional accuracy of parts in particular. The selected thermoplastic materials were ABS, PLA and HIPS. The digital model of the object (upper teeth) was obtained by the intraoral 3D scanner of 3Shape TRIOS used in dentistry. Based on the 3D (Three Dimensional) scanned digital model, the manufacturing of the upper teeth was performed on the Zortrax M200 FDM 3D printer. Parameters of the manufactured parts were as follows: Layer thickness 0.09 mm, infill 20% and model orientation 0°. The manufactured parts were digitized by the GOM ATOS Triple Scan optical 3D scanner with the measuring volume of MV 170. The dimensional accuracy of the parts was evaluated in the GOM Inspect software.

Abstract:

The brackets collating technique and microbial factors increase the risk for enamel demineralization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliance. The aim of this study was to determine the risk level of enamel demineralization in fixed orthodontic device bearers. The enamel demineralization was assessed in 187 patients by measuring dental structure by fluorescent light. The measurements were performed with the DIAGNOdent Pen 2190 (KaVo, Biberach, Germany). Except canines which remain in the risk 1 category, without enamel demineralization, the other investigated teeth may have a medium demineralization degree The values recorded with fluorescent light on canine enamel showed low and insignificant differences (p>0.05) as a result of fixed orthodontic appliances, classifying these teeth as healthy teeth with enamel integrity or with low enamel demineralization. The molars presented significantly increased values in the study group as compared to the control group (p<0.05). 6 years molars had a marked predisposition to demineralization and caries as compared to frontal group teeth, after fluorescent light measurements. The measurements include these teeth in the medium to high risk for dental caries. The DIAGNOdent, due to its capacity to determine the demineralization degree of dental surfaces, may be used to monitor patients and to prevent the occurrence of dental caries during fixed orthodontic treatments.

Abstract: In this paper finite element model of steel dental bracket is generated along with bonding agent, enamel & stress analysis is carried out on the bracket for different loading conditions. Three dimensional finite element model developed are constrained with boundary condition that resembles to the reality. The Vonmisses stress is recorded for each loading conditions and compared with experimental results. The experimental work for 60 samples were carried out on Universal testing machine at material testing laboratory, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot. It is found from FEM results that the shear bonding strength for different loadings from 60 N to 80 N varies from 7.276 N/mm² to 9.7N/mm², which are closer to experimental values with acceptable error. The study reveals that Finite Element Method can be used as a strong tool to analyze the dental bracket and study different parameters to improve its performance and to avoid time and cost required for experimentation.

Abstract: Introduction: An orthodontist has two clinical situations in which he is confronted with ceramics: 1. Use of ceramic brackets 2. Applying brackets on teeth with ceramic restorations. Aim: The present study wishes to emphasize the advantages and the disadvantages that the use of ceramics has brought to the orthodontic profession. Material And Method: 75 consecutive adult orthodontic patients after being presented with their treatment plan were administered a questioner to motivate their choice in the type of braces and the cases with aesthetic braces or which had ceramic restorations prior to orthodontics received a special follow-up threw-out their treatment. Results: Ceramic braces are chosen for aesthetic reasons but sometimes they create other type of problems during treatment. Adhesion between braces and ceramic restorations rests problematic. Conclusions: The use of ceramics in orthodontics was indispensable but dental materials still need to be perfected.

Abstract: This paper uses finite element method (FEM) to simulate the stress distribution and the displacements during the orthodontic process of the mandibular lateral incisor. It provides theoretical guidance for the design of the orthodontic treatment. This study is as follows: (1) Use the software of MIMICS to reconstruct models of the mandible and the dentition by CT scanning images. (2) Use the software of Pro/Engineer (Pro/e) to simplify the model built in Mimics, establish the model of the orthodontic brackets, and assemble the mandible, the dentition and the brackets together. (3) Simulate the process of orthodontic surgery, use the software of ANSYS to study the effect of orthodontic surgery by changing the direction in which external force is applied, and reveal the regularity of displacements and stress distribution of the mandibular lateral incisor caused by local displacements.

Abstract: In the Romanian population, during the fixed orthodontic treatment, sometimes appear white spot lesions (WSLs). These are areas of demineralized enamel witch untreated lead to the formation of cavited carious lesions. Until now the therapy of choice for such lesions was fluoridation that proved itself inadequate in terms of aesthetics. The innovative solution of the German Firma DMG (Icon®) proposes the filling and reinforcing of the pore system of a WSL with a light-curable resin (Icon-Infiltrant). The purpose of this study was to assess whether the optical coherence tomography (OCT) can evaluate, in vitro, by en face scans the penetration of this advanced new material into natural enamel caries. We applied the classic therapeutic procedures proposed by the German company. After infiltration of the WSL we observed a deep resin penetration. Clinically there was a significant improvement in the aesthetics of the affected tooth surfaces and their evolution was stopped demonstrating that this technique is effective in the therapy of WSLs at patients with fixed orthodontic therapy. Also OCT proved to be a reliable technique for acquiring images of resin infiltrated WSLs recommending this technology for further fundamental studies in the field.

Abstract: Now for orthodontists there are no commercial orthodontic EMR systems suitable for their clinical needs in China, so we study orthodontist’s daily workflow, analyze the requirements, and finally develop the orthodontic EMR Cloud for Peking University School of Stomatology. We propose and adopt 2-Tier Cloud-ARchitecture (2TCAR), which contains rich client tier based on Rich Internet Application (RIA) and server-side Cloud tier based on SimpleDB, to develop the orthodontist’s EMR Cloud for orthodontics according to orthodontist’s workflow. In the 2TCAR the rich client tier is maximized to implement almost all functionalities of user interfaces and transaction logic in the EMR. Functionalities in server-side Cloud tier are simplified only to implement data storage and query. Communication between the two Cloud tiers is also simplified via REST. In the article we research corresponding technologies such as Cloud computing, REST, Flex in RIA and SimpleDB Cloud. Further, in the orthodontic EMR Cloud we use Flex to implement UI presentation & interaction, transaction logic, and REST requests & responses in rich client tier; then design SimpleDB Cloud in server-side Cloud tier, and communication between two tiers via REST. And the EMR Cloud is integrated with existing Resister, Ward and Drugstore information systems. The practice shows that the orthodontic EMR Cloud based on the 2TCAR can fit seamlessly into orthodontist’s daily workflow and effectively replace current paper medical records.

Abstract: Since the Medical Device Amendments of 1976 were enacted, the FDA considers Tissue Adhesives as “Transitional Devices” that are classified as Class III medical devices and are marketed in the United States subsequent to the approval of a Pre-market Approval Application (PMA). On February 9, 2006, Regulatory & Clinical Research Institute, Inc. submitted a petition to FDA to reclassify tissue adhesive transitional medical devices for skin approximation from Class III to Class II (special controls). FDA consulted with the General and Plastic Surgery Devices Advisory Panel, and on August 25, 2006, in a public meeting, the panel unanimously recommended that the tissue adhesive transitional medical devices for topical approximation of skin be classified from class III into Class II. Consequently, since June 30, 2008, following the effective date of the FDA Final Rule [1] that reclassified tissue adhesive transitional medical devices for skin approximation, any firm submitting a Premarket Notification [510(k)] for a tissue adhesive for the topical approximation of skin will need to address the issues covered in the published “Class II Special Control Guidance Document: Tissue Adhesive for the Topical Approximation of Skin, dated May 30, 2008” [2]. Accordingly, the firm needs to show that its device meets the recommendations of the published Class II guidance document or in some other way provides equivalent assurances of safety and effectiveness. Also, the author provides a short regulatory description of US FDA, under what laws its operates, how FDA evaluates new medical devices for marketing as Class I, Class II, and Class III [3].

Abstract: The objective of this numerical study was to evaluate the stress induced by orthodontic loading in anchorage implants and surrounding tissues. Orthodontic implants were included in this study. 3D geometrical models were constructed and material characteristics were taken from the literature. Finite element models were created based on the geometry and material characteristics of the screws. Orthodontic horizontal loads of 2 N were applied, and the biomechanical parameters were evaluated by colored scales. The highest von Mises values were recorded around the implant neck area and at the bone-implant interface.