Papers by Keyword: Orthogonal Design

Abstract: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction had been used in the extraction conditions for carotenoids from the marigold flower (Tagetes erecta L.). Five significant factors (particle size, temperature, pressure, time and co-solvent addition) on total carotenoid yield were obtained using one-at-a-time design (p≤0.05). The optimal extraction conditions were 55 oC, 50 MPa and 180 min. Under these conditions, the yield of carotenoids was 6.872mg/g.

Abstract: Based on orthogonal design, a four factors and four levels experimental scheme were made. On a special test platform, under different heat transferring conditions, temperature fields of cylinder head were obtained. Results showed: among the four kinds of factors, the temperature of coolant water in jacket had serious influence on cylinder head, second was the heating temperature in chamber, third was the flow of coolant water in jacket, the last was surrounding temperature, which can give a gist for further optimizing cooling system of engine.

Abstract: There are lots of factors effect on weak gel flooding.This paper based on the conceptual model by changing the model parameters and using orthogonal design to analyze the effects of different factors on weak gel flooding. The descending order of influence is slug size, flooding time, oil-water viscosity ratio, permeability range, concentration of polymer, slug combination and polymer-cross linker ratio.

Abstract: Ferulic acid, a compound showing antioxidant ability, is found in abundance in wheat bran. Its release depends mainly on the breaking of its ester linkage to other constitutive elements of the cell wall, such as arabinoxylans, ligin, cellulose and so on. Response surface methodology and orthogonal design were respectively used to evaluate the effects of NaOH concentration, alkali/ethanol ratio, extraction temperature and pH on ferulic acid extraction yield from wheat bran. The released ferulic acid concentration was determinated by HPLC method Experiments carried out under the predicted optimal conditions，with NaOH concentration of 5.76%, pH of 3.2, alkali/ethanol ratio of 1.39:1, temperature of 59.75 °C, the actual extraction yield in agreement with the expected yield, with 4.45mg.g^-1 extraction rate of ferulic acid in wheat bran . And the results confirm the potential of wheat bran valorization in the field of natural antioxidant extraction, possibly viable in an industrial scheme.

Abstract: Polycarbosilane (PCS), an important precursor for manufacture of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics, was prepared and analyzed to determine its chemical composition. The major elements of silicon (Si) and carbon (C) in Si-C backbones and side chains in PCS represent more than 80% with minor elements of oxygen and hydrogen being less than 20%. In this work, a conventional potassium silicofluoride volumetric method was explored and modified for establishing a standard routine procedure to evaluate Si content in PCS. The optimal conditions were investigated using an orthogonal designed four-factor-three-level normal experimental scheme. The suitable parameters and standard procedure to analyze Si in PCS were obtained.

Abstract: The stability study is one of the hot spots of the urban transport design for the subway through the existing structure. The maximum settlement of the structure is regarded as the index of underneath the subway construction and design in this article, the mechanical parameters for pipe shed reinforcement layer on a subway station passing through the existing structure is back analyzed by utilizing the orthogonal experiment design methods, and the mechanical integration properties parameters which is close to engineering practice including elastic modulus, Poisson ratio, cohesion and internal friction angle for the material in the pipe shed reinforcement area are got. The steel pipe reasonable spacing range of advanced pipe shed support is got mainly on the basis of flexural rigidity. The stability analysis and evaluation for the construction of the new subway through the existing subway structure are carried out by utilizing the obtained optimum parameters.

Abstract: Springback is a common phenomenon in sheet metal forming, caused by the elastic redistribution of the internal stresses during unloading. The aim of this search is to investigate the wave of material parameters on the results of forming and springback of sheet metal. A finite element model of cylinder bending benchmark of NUMISHEET’2002 was proposed firstly to simulate bending and springback with contact evolution between tools and blank based on static implicit method. The simulation results agree well with the experiment. Then the effects of the wave of material parameters on forming and springback results are investigated using orthogonal design simulation. Eight factors are investigated with the orthogonal label. The results show the factors have different effects on both the forming and springback. And the significance of the factors is shown through direct analysis of the results.

Abstract: Basing on basic properties of coal gangue from No.1 mine of Pingdingshan Tian’an coal group, authors made coal gangue concrete with coal gangue instead of some aggregate, fly ash and slag instead of some cement. Coal gangue concrete was studied by the method of orthogonal experiment. Compression strength, its loss of strength after corrosion by sulphate, modulus of elasticity and its loss after freeze-thaw were analyzed. Optimum mix of coal gangue concrete was given by the integrated balance method. And Finally, SEM analysis on coal gangue concrete was researched. According to the experiment, Sulfate attacking on coal gangue concrete was little.

Abstract: This paper studied on the industry synthesis process of anti-oxidant RD ((2,2,4- trimethyl-1,2-dihydro- quinoline polymer (C₁₂H₁₅N)_n.n=2-4)) .The content of dimer, trimer and tetramer of RD were taken as the inspection targets, used the orthogonal design method, and take the ratios of keto-amine, the reaction time, the reaction temperatures and the ratios of catalyst acid-amine as inspect factors to optimized reaction condition. The result indicated that the best ratio of keto-amine is 6.5:1, the reaction time is 6 hours, the range of the reaction temperature is 115-120°C, the beat ratio of acid-amine is 0.2: 1 (the proportion is the concentration ratio for mole). Under the optimization conditions, the yield stability of RD.

Abstract: The deficiency of bond capacity of traditional cement mortar was exposed as the new wall materials were used widely. The polyvinyl-butyral(PVB) and methyl cellulose(MC) were chosen as chemical additives to amend the property of normal mortar, the orthogonal tests of 96 pieces of shear specimens were carried out, and the orthogonal analysis of test results was performed. The results indicated that the sort of wall material was the most important factor in bond capacity of mortar, the mixed quantity of polymer and mortar strength follows, and there was a remarkable increase in mortar bond strength when the mixed quantity of PVB and MC was 20%~30% and 0.05%~0.1% respectively.