Papers by Keyword: PC/ABS

Abstract: This present study has been re-established to investigate failure mode and resistance characteristics of the PC/ABS blends and their ABS constituents under impact for a range of rubber contents. This present study has still been experimentally performed under an instrumented-drop weight impact test (DWIT) at a room temperature. It has been finally revealed that with a particular size of rubber particle, content of rubber significantly influenced impact failure modes and impact resistances of the PC/ABS blends and their ABS constituents as well. The test results showed that impact strength of the blends was improved about 23.22% and 155.33% due to increase in content of rubber up to 15 wt% and 20 wt%, respectively. There was also found that an increase in impact toughness of the blends for 57.48% and 239.23% was due to increase in content of rubber up to 15 wt% and 20 wt%, respectively. Whilst, impact strength of the ABS was improved about 392.98% and 190.12% due to increase in content of rubber up to 15 wt% and 20 wt%, respectively. An increase in impact toughness of the ABS for 308.20% and 172.56% was due to increase in content of rubber up to 15 wt% and 20 wt%, respectively.

Abstract: This study presents an experimental study on failure modes and resistances of polycarbonate (PC)/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) blends and their ABS constituents under a drop weight impact test (DWIT). Failure modes and impact resistances such as impact strength and impact toughness of such blends are generally influenced by molecular weight of the PC, rubber content and size of rubber particle in ABS system. A preliminary study on ABS materials using a DWIT showed that size of rubber particle not only determined their failure modes but also influencing their resistance characteristics. However, in a previous study performed using the similar DWIT on PC/ABS blends with a 10 wt% rubber content, it was revealed that size of rubber particle did not significantly influence their resistances. Their failure modes were even macroscopically very difficult to be distinguished. This study, hence, is aimed to further explore role of the size of rubber particle on failure mode and impact resistance characteristics of the PC/ABS blends and their ABS constituents with a higher rubber content. The impact test results have revealed that with a 20 wt% rubber content, size of rubber particle only influenced the resistances of the PC/ABS blends. It did not significantly contribute to affect failure mode of the PC/ABS blends. Whilst, it significantly influenced failure modes and resistances of the ABS. The DWIT results also re-confirmed that blending a brittle ABS into PC led to produce a tougher PC/ABS blend.

Abstract: First investigations focus on the usage, processing and material properties of polycarbonate (PC) based materials used in cable duct production. Test coupons were taken from in-situ cable ducts including further additives generally used in industry. Different mechanical and optical analytical methods were performed. Significant differences in tensile properties of polycarbonate/ acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC/ABS) compared to mineral reinforced PC were observed. The hardness of mineral reinforced PC is significantly dependent on the geometry of the cable ducts. The fracture behavior and morphology of the PC/ABS fracture surface is directly related to the coupon temperature during Charpy impact testing. The process temperature influences the failure behavior during high impact processing such as high speed punching. Due to the lower impact strength of mineral reinforced PC less film and burr formation compared to PC/ABS are likely. However, the mineral distribution is not homogeneous and therefore subject to further investigation. This study aims at a better understanding of process properties of PC/ABS products, parameter selection, quality improvement and general understanding of underlying microstructural and surface properties.

Abstract: PC/ABS is widely used in the vehicle interior, electronic parts and accessories. The study of low cycle fatigue properties have been performed on injection molded samples of PC/ABS blend. The experimental results indicated that the optimum conditions of the fatigue property are melting temperature 200°C, filling time 6 s, and mold temperature 65°C. There has a transition point in the condition of filling time. When the strain amplitude is higher than 0.0118 mm/mm, filling time 6 second has best fatigue properties. By scanning electron microscopy, near the crack initial area, the mechanics of fracture surface are like short and fine fiber. The surface has long fiber ductile fracture, which far away from crack initial area.

Abstract: A novel flame retardant additive, DOPO-based polymeric phosphate (PFR-D), which simultaneously contained phosphorus and sulfur, was synthesized from 9,10-dihyro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphnanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), POCl₃ and bisphenol S. And the structure of PFR-D has been characterized by ¹H-NMR, ³¹P-NMR and FT-IR. PFR-D was used as additive in polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene alloy (PC/ABS). The UL94 V-0 rating was achieved by addition of 5-7% PFR-D in PC/ABS, the LOI reached 27.5%. The thermal degradation of PFR-D and polymers with it was investigated by TGA, and the results showed that addition of PFR-D apparently changed the pyrolysis pathways of PC/ABS. The TGA curves indicated that the flame retardant effect was attributed to promoting the char yield by involving the polymer in charring.

Abstract: A novel polymeric phosphate flame retardant (PFR-P) was synthesized from 1-oxo-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphbicyclo [2.2.octane (pentaerythritol phosphate, PEPA), POCl₃ and bisphenol S. Phosphorus was bonded both in the main chain and in the pendant group of flame-retardant polymer molecule, reached a content of 13.1%. And sulfur content was 6.75%. The thermal stability was investigated by TGA, and the results showed that the initiative decomposition temperature was 334°C with 41.1% charring residue at 500°C under air. The high phosphorus and sulfur content contributes an excellent flame retardancy to PC/ABS without a considerable decrease of mechanical properties. It is a potential flame retardant for other polymer systems.

Abstract: The microscope characters of flame-retardant PC/ABS by a new kind of phosphate flame retardant, bisphenol-a bis (dipenyl phosphate) (BDP), is carried out in this paper using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The result shows that flame retardant and unflame retardant materials before combustion and after indicate that these lame retardant materials after combustion shape countless closed holes which form sprangly cellular coking char layer, which also make out that BDP play the condensation flame retardant role in PC/ABS resin.

Abstract: An instrumented-drop weight impact test carried out at room temperature under a range of loading rates was applied to study the deformation and failure behaviors of PC/ABS (50/50) blends. Actually, these blends have different type of ABS, one grade of the blends is the blend containing small-sized particles of rubber and another grade is the blend containing larger-sized particles of rubber in the ABS systems. Testing results showed that both of the blends generally exhibited similar behaviors but they were totally different under 3 m/sec. A weld line-like formation captured on the fracture surface was found in each of the blends. Preliminary study using scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that crack also propagated along the weld line. Fracture of the blends might be initially induced due to fracture of the weld lines. Hence, it has been suspected as a factor affecting behavior of the blends. Since existence of the weld line-like formation has not been found in fractured ABS materials, it is necessary to point out the complex relationship among of the ABS composition, the existence of the weld line and the weld line quality in the blends. A finite element (FE) simulation of the testing was carried in order to determine whether the weld line strength is significant enough affects the behaviors. Although the model was generated using estimated failure criterion for the weld line, the simulation results showed that weld line strength might influence the blends behavior.

Abstract: Industrial scraps cannot be reused in an advantageous way, mainly because of their degradation. When possible, rejects are added to the virgin material for new molding, although the amount of recycled block copolymer cannot exceed 15% of moldable material to obtain good final performances. The remaining amount of scraps then follows three different routes: i) employment in very poor applications, ii) land filling, and iii) thermal treatment. For this reason, post industrial rejects constitute a major problem both from the standpoint of the European legislation and policy, and from the economic side where enterprises are concerned. In this work we have applied a multiscale simulation approach to study the nanostructured equilibrium morphology of blends consisting of mainly recycled block copolymers of special interest in the automotive industry. The main goal was the definition of the possible causes leading to incompatibility due to non virgin materials. In particular, starting from atomistic-based simulations we derived a procedure to 1) describe in appropriate fashion the polymer chains in terms of the relevant Gaussian models, and 2) determine the relevant Flory-Huggins interaction parameters. Finally, we coupled mesoscale model with finite elements codes to obtain a quantified structure-property relationship for mechanical modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion.