Papers by Keyword: PDF

Abstract: As traditional Preformatted Paper Printing methods can't adapt to the changes of document style and they have made poor performance on document security, in this paper, we have presented a PDF-based solution for Preformatted Paper Printing. The solution consists of three levels, including data organization layer, template editing and configuration layer, and PDF file generation layer. The data organization layer is mainly to solve the problem of data extraction and summary from heterogeneous databases. The template editing and configuration layer focuses on solving the printing template design and data output mapping problem. The PDF file generation layer is mainly to generate and merge the PDF file using iTextSharp component. The scheme can flexibly adapt to changes in content and style, set up parameters simultaneously to prevent a tamper, and undertake operations such as reprint, archive, distribution and so forth. At last, we have verified the solutions performance by the case of university admission notice-Generating. The result shows that our solution is effective.

Abstract: As a very important distribution, contaminated normal distribution play a great role in data processing. The probability density function (PDF) feature of the contaminated normal distribution was investigated. The Kullback-Leibler distance is suggested for measuring PDF difference between mean shift model and variance inflation model. Numerical calculations show that the PDF difference of two kinds of model is related to mean shift parameter λ and the variance inflation factor α closely when the main distribution is the standard normal distribution and the relationship is nonlinear proportional.

Abstract: A set of numerical simulations were conducted to estimate the change in entropy generation in swirl stabilized CH₄/air flames due to H₂ addition to the fuel. A robust finite volume computational model solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes with a first order turbulence closure and laminar flamelet combustion model was used to compute the flow and energy fields in the flame. Hydrogen enrichment resulted in an increase in the entropy generation rate of the flame. Such increase was attributed to the increase in heat transfer irreversibilities due to flame temperature rise.

Abstract: Amorphous alloys based on iron, obtained by melt spinning technique, are modern and very promising soft magnetic materials. The thermal annealing at temperatures closed to the crystallization temperature can cause an increase of magnetic permeability more than 10 times i.e. the so called enhancement of soft magnetic properties effect (ESMP). It is usually explained by formation of iron nanocrystallites in amorphous surroundings or by formation of the relaxed amorphous phase. Such a microstructure leads to averaging out of magnetic anisotropy and cause the ESMP.

Abstract: There is an ongoing interest in nanoparticles for the unique properties that have applications in a range of fields including catalysis, semi-conductors, gas storage amongst many others. In this study a variety of distinct techniques were applied on the same in-house X-Ray diffractometer. In particular, SAXS, conventional XRD and Total Scattering of nano-sized TiO2 powders were performed, together with in-situ heating experiments. The combination of the results from each technique proves to be a powerful tool for a more complete description of the material.

Abstract: In recent years, many large span roofs of airport waiting room and garage were destructed in the tropic storm, which have the characteristics of light mass, high flexibility, slight damping and low natural frequency. Wind loads general control the design of such structures. Thus, the tests of wind pressure with the rigid scale model in boundary layer wind tunnel were conducted in the structural design stage. This paper presents the results of characteristics of wind loads on large-span roof structure of the Guangzhou International Convention & Exhibition Center (GICEC) in frequency domain. The power spectrum densities, correlation coefficients, coherence functions and probability density function (PDF) were analyzed in detail. The results can be summarized as follows: (1)The power spectrum densities of fluctuating wind loads have the characteristics of vortex shedding and the Strouhal number is about 0.295; (2)The coherence coefficients decrease with the frequency and the spatial distance increase at both the along-wind and across-wind direction; (3)There are clearly negative skewed distributions for some pressure taps at the windward leading roof edge and much longer negative tails are observed, which follow Non-Gaussian distributions. The results presented in this paper are expected to be of considerable interest and of use to researchers and professionals involved in designing complex long-span roof structures.

Abstract: The electron density distribution and the local structure of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), chromium doped aluminum oxide (Cr:Al2O3) and vanadium doped aluminum oxide (V:Al2O3) have been studied. Powder X-ray data set of Al2O3 , Cr:Al2O3 and V:Al2O3 is analyzed in terms of cell parameters, thermal vibration parameters, 1D, 2D and 3 Dimensional electron density distributions. The bonding between the atoms using the maximum entropy method (MEM) and bond length distribution using pair distribution function (PDF) has been analyzed. The particle size of Al2O3 , Cr:Al2O3 and V:Al2O3 is also analyzed using XRD and SEM.

Abstract: A long time has past since the introduction of the harmonic method for the reconstruction of the ODF from polefigure measurements, and it has been replaced by discrete methods of inversion, because of its incapability with respect to ghost effects. The harmonic method is still not in its best possible state: it disregards the high order harmonics; it disregards measurement errors and therefore gives suboptimal results; it does not provide standard errors, neither for the C-coefficients nor for the ODF; and there are the ghost effects. However, the harmonic method is a well established inversion method and it can improved at these points. Statistical considerations based on geostatistics and a model of the unknown ODF as a random function in a Baysian approach yields an inversion method, which can be characterized as a smoothing spline method. This new method is statistically optimal among all linear methods and resembles favorable features of the harmonic method in an improved way. It provides an optimal linear reconstruction of the even part of the ODF. It does not truncate the harmonic series expansion at a fixed level, but accounts for every even harmonic space in an optimal way with respect to its signal to noise ratio in the polefigure measurements. The method applies for irregularly sampled and incomplete pole figures. The method accomplishes standard errors for the ODF and the C-coefficients. Discrete inversion methods, explicitly or not, reconstruct the odd harmonic part of the function based on the principle of maximum entropy. Based on the theory of exponential families a continuous odd part (and the truncated even part) can be computed based on the entropy principle and the C-coefficients estimated by the spline method.

Abstract: The determination of an ODF, C-coefficients, property tensors and portions of texture components from EBSD orientation measurements is afflicted with statistical errors introduced by incomplete sampling of the grains. Since the measurements are highly spatially correlated and stochastically dependent, classical sampling theory does not apply. A general statistical method for error estimation in the presence of stochastically dependent observations has been developed and applied to the most important quantities of texture analysis. The method is based on the assumption of a finite range of dependence between different measurements and on the estimation of the covariance in the observed set of orientation. The methods allows the computation of standard measurement errors and confidence limits for the mentioned texture quantities. It can be used for an objective decision whether two textures are statistically equal or not, based on the comparison of estimated ODFs. Further we can decide statistically whether the ODF obeys certain types of symmetry (e.g. whether it is a girdle textures or whether it is symmetric about the shear plane observed in the field).