Papers by Keyword: PID Controller

Abstract: A Separately Excited DC (SEDC) motor is widely used in process industries and automotive applications because of its fast response and high reliability. This paper presents the optimal tuning of a PID controller for an SEDC motor using two nature-inspired optimizers: the Modified Camel Traveling Algorithm (MCTA) and the Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO). Each algorithm is applied independently to minimize the Integral of Time-Weighted Absolute Error (ITAE) in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, while a conventional trial-and-error PID serves as the baseline. Controller performance is evaluated using convergence profiles and time-domain indices (rise time, settling time, and overshoot) under reference changes and load disturbances. Both optimizers improve the transient response compared with the baseline; across all tests, TLBO achieves the lowest ITAE and slightly shorter rise and settling times, whereas MCTA remains competitive. The findings provide clear comparative insights and practical guidance for selecting between TLBO and MCTA in SEDC speed control applications.

Abstract: A modern bio-inspired optimization algorithm, namely Coot Bird Optimization (COBO), is proposed and displayed in this paper to investigate the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of Positive Output Super Lift Luo (POSLL) DC-DC converter for control of the proposed photovoltaic (PV) power system. The effectiveness of this suggested algorithm is evaluated. The goal of the optimization problem is to reduce the rising time, settling time, and ripple of the POSLL converter's output voltage in response to step changes in input voltage with the connected load. To improve control performance, the gain parameters of the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller are tuned using the MPPT proposed optimization technique. The MPPT algorithm has been developed to prove an efficient present optimization algorithm for solving optimization problem.

Abstract: Renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic, fuel cell and wind energy are becoming a sustainable alternative to non-renewable sources like fossil fuel. However, to integrate these energies into the grid, power electronic converters plays major role due to their power conditioning capability, reliability and effectiveness. In this paper, design, modeling and analysis of a DC-DC boost converter with robust controlling technique, fuzzy sliding mode controlling strategy has been developed and a brief comparison has been performed with a sliding mode controller and a clasical PID controller which employed both current and a voltage control loop. The system is designed to achieve a fast dynamic response, zero steady-state error, and satisfactory stability. To realize that a detailed mathematical derivation of sliding mode fuzzy logic controller and a linearized small signal model of the power electronic converter around its DC steady state operating point is performed. Finally, in order to evaluate the designed system, a software simulation based on MATLAB/ Simulink environment is developed and results of the simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.

Abstract: The paper presents a design methodology for the automatic flight control of a launch vehicle. In the proposed approach the controller has a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) structure but its gains are determined solving an H_∞ norm minimization problem of the mapping from the atmospheric disturbances to the control amplitude and to the angle of attack of the launcher. The design methodology is illustrated by numerical examples in which both time responses and stability robustness properties of the optimal PID controller are analyzed.

Abstract: In this paper, a closed loop control approach for controlling the vibration of buildings under earthquake excitations is introduced. An active hybrid control combining base isolation and active tuned mass damper (AMD) installed on the lowest floor of a base-isolated frame building is investigated. The Active control force is controlled by the mean of a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller, incorporated with a negative feedback error closed loop. The difference between the base displacement and equilibrium position of the structure is used to evaluate the error and feed the PID controller. A simulation is carried out on a six degrees of freedom base-isolated frame structure using MATLAB. The performances of the proposed active hybrid control system are tested under El Centro, Northridge, and Loma Pietra earthquakes.Compared results with base-isolated structure and base-isolated structure equipped with a passive and active tuned mass damper (TMD)/ (ATMD) showed that the active hybrid control system is more efficient. A reduction of 70% in base displacement, velocity and 15% in base acceleration is obtained.

Abstract: The issue of temperature control in the research devices is well known and well described in the literature. Yet in the practical applications, in every-day engineering practice there are situations where theoretical knowledge is not applicable in a straight forward manner and the proper settings of the controller parameters constitutes a problem to be addressed and solved with and individual approach. This article presents an example of commissioning of a heated test chamber that is a part of a research apparatus for testing the erosive wear of materials, developed and built at the Institute for Sustainable Technologies – National Research Institute in Radom.The test apparatus is used for eroding the surface of the tested sample with a stream of a mixture of air and an abrasive medium. The test can be performed in room temperature and in raised temperature, both for the ambient of the sample as well as for the air used to make a mixture. The maximal temperature allowed in the machine is 600°C, so the test chamber is equipped with a hermetic door and heat insulation. The construction of the chamber makes it very inertial in terms of heating and cooling, which makes the temperature control a bit challenging.The system is controlled with a PLC with software PID controller implemented in Temperature Controller library. The use of standard set-up of PID parameters resulted in heating with significant overshoot and long settling time which was unacceptable. Trials to tune the parameters with use of built-in algorithm resulted in slower heating and still didn’t eliminate the overshoot. The literature research and tests were performed to identify the problem and to implement simple solution.The article presents the selected results of the literature research and details on the performed tests. The algorithm of the final solution is presented and the characteristics of the heating process after the modification of the control algorithm. The final solution of the issue is an algorithm that uses the standard available temperature controller and the temperature monitor to influence the actions of the controller. The difficulties in identification of the control object (the chamber) caused the inability to solve the problem analytically, but the practical and empirical approach and several trials and errors allowed for the almost optimal control characteristics, which allows no overshoot and as fast as possible heating of the object.

Abstract: The requirements of CNC machine tools for the feed servo system could generally be summarized as high precision, well stability, fast response, wide range of speed regulation, high torque at low speed and so on. The PID controller of feed servo-system based on intelligent fuzzy control was presented based on traditional PID controller. The main feature of this arithmetic was to change parameters in different degrees according to time-varying working conditions, specially this arithmetic could change its domain intelligently according to different conditions and cooperated with a stable controller in case of system crash so that adaptivity and reliability of the feed servo-system were improved, also this feature made application field of the feed servo-system wider.

Abstract: In this work we will present a control method for DC system – the so-called practical PID controller, where the inertia of both the derivative and the actuator is included. The original element in this paper consists of a comparative analysis of various controller stabilizing the position of motor shaft. In a system with ideal gain, K>0 ensures asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system. Taking into account this inertia along with the inertia of the derivative, we obtain limited values 0<K_p<K_gr. A similar restrictions apply to a system with delay.

Abstract: The inverted pendulum system is a challenging control problem in the control theory, which continually moves away from a stable state. The paper presents the design of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for a single-input multi-output (SIMO) inverted pendulum system and using the Bees Algorithm (BA) to obtain optimal gains for PID controllers. The Bees Algorithm optimizes the gains so that the controller can move the cart to a desired position with the minimum amount of the change in the pendulum’s angle from the vertically upright position during the movement. The tuning aim is to minimize the control responses of the cart’s position and the pendulum’s angle in time domain. MATLAB/Simulink simulation has been performed to demonstrate that the effects on the system performance of PID controllers with optimal gains. The obtained results show that the tuning method by using the Bees Algorithm produced PID controllers successfully within the controller design criteria. Following a description of the inverted pendulum system and the Bees Algorithm, the paper gives the obtained simulation results for the system demonstrating the efficiency of the design.

Abstract: A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform for unmanned air vehicle (UAV) systems is designed that demonstrates flight attitudes on yaw, pitch and roll axes. The design combines a sophisticated flight simulation software with a platform capable of moving 360 degrees on all axes. This enables the testing of the flight sensors and autopilot algorithms for all sorts of scenarios including emergency and acrobatic cases where an indefinite number of full rotations in the yaw, roll and pitch might take place.