Papers by Keyword: Pain

Abstract: Stress incontinence is a major social and health problem for middle-aged and elderly women, with an increasing prevalence as life expectancy increases. Reconstructive surgery techniques using vaginal mesh slings of polypropylene (synthetic grafts) have diversified in recent years, but at the same time various postoperative complications have been reported, among the frequent ones being pelvic pain, thigh pain and dyspareunia. The pain mechanism is not fully understood, but pathophysiological theories describe the pain as closely related to the structure, density, size and elasticity of the vaginal mesh, and the inflammatory response of the host.

Abstract: Manufacturing industries were considered among the sectors with the considerable level of lost work days due to work related musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of the study is to find out the different parts of body affected due to discomfort while operating machines in manufacturing industry. In this study work-related body-part discomfort was assessed in 51 male operators by using a body map and ranking procedure, while operating different types of machines viz, lathe, drilling and grinding machines. The study showed that out of 51 operator’s, 45 reported discomfort in shoulder and neck, 34 in lower back, 32 in upper back, 46 in arm, and 23of the operators reported discomfort in the leg. Correlations between the discomfort level and different postures at different working conditions were higher. Except at the start of the shift, operators felt musculoskeletal discomfort in various body parts throughout the shift, and were highest at the end of the shift. The middle age group operators reported higher levels of discomfort. Keywords: Discomfort; Injury; Pain; Body map; Discomfort assessment; Questionnaire; Musculoskeletal disorders.

Abstract: Pain reduction from palatal injection was comparatively investigated by using topical anesthetics, 5% lidocaine encapsulated niosomes (LN) and 18%benzocaine/2%tetraciane gel (BZ). The LN was prepared chair-sidedly by an ultrasonic dental scaler with physicochemical evaluation. A pin-prick test on the palatal mucosa of 10 healthy subjects determined the onset and the effective time of LN to be 45 s (±17.3) with the mean effective time of 130.5 s (±57.5). The pain intensity during an actual palatal injection (cuspid region) was compared after the topical application of LN and BZ in another 23 healthy subjects, using a split-mouth design. The median injection pain VAS after the application of BZ was 3.5 cm, significantly higher than that after the application of LN (median = 2.0 cm, (p< 0.05). The present study confirmed the use of the ultrasonic dental scaler in enhancing the efficacy of lidocaine in pain reduction from palatal injection.

Abstract: Up to now a coherence between pain and technical systems has almost not been researched. Whereas some aspects of the nociceptive pain which serves human beings as a warning system and is also described as useful, can be transferred necessarily to technical systems. The idea of pain detection is an additional product of the Mesoscopic Particle Method [2-4]. Thereby the transformation of kinetic energy into heat energy caused by impact- and friction processes in the boundary layer of contact areas is described correctly with respect to thermodynamics. Between the properties of pain and heat there obviously exist analogies. Pain increases when certain external effects get higher and decreases smoothly, when the effect is taken off [5]. Generally pain is a vector of different phenomena. By means of the developed sensor concept the application of energy is detected including implicit frequency selective information about the jerk. It will experimentally and numerically be shown how e. g. a “hard-soft-detection” of surfaces can be evaluated by the developed sensor concept.