Papers by Keyword: Pedestrian

Abstract: A humanized pedestrian facility is built by considering the size and dimensions based on the human scale. Several studies have shown that many pedestrian facilities built in various cities in Indonesia have not been able to meet the needs of the users. This study was conducted to review the suitability of pedestrian facilities in Rantepao against existing guidelines. The research method was carried out by collecting data on pedestrian crossings and dimensions of the constructed facilities. The data was then analyzed and compared against the Pd 03-2017-B Pedestrian Facilities Planning Guidelines. The results showed that of the 20 sidewalks reviewed, only 30% could be passed by 2 pedestrians while holding hands or passing each other. While the use of zebra crossing for crossing facilities is appropriate. The transverse slope of the sidewalks all meets the requirements. The Blind cane users and crutch users can pass through the sidewalk, but wheelchair users cannot pass through safely.

Abstract: This paper proposed a new kind of precast hollow cross-grid floor system which is fabricated by several precast panels and post-poured concrete strips. As there is a lack of data related to the vibration serviceability of this new floor system which aim at being used in the large-span buildings, an experimental investigation was conducted. The data obtained from the experiment showed the new floor system meet existing China criteria under most pedestrian excitations. The resultsalso demonstrated thepacing rate influence the vibration performances most as the crowd effect least. Then the FEM analysis was taken to predict the peak acceleration of the new kind of floor system comparing to the experimental results using different coefficient of dynamic force.

Abstract: This work describes the activities and the results achieved within the SPARTACUS project with regards to the development of a pedestrian positioning system for first responders based on inertial sensors and GNSS data integration. In particular, three steps have been dealt with. At first the analysis of a typical human motion profile, highlighting the Zero Velocity Update constraints; secondly, the definition of a high accurate reference trajectory for test validation purposes, with both indoor and outdoor tracks. Finally, the tuning of Extended Kalman Filter parameters for the calibration of the best sensor data fusion algorithm mainly focused to dead reckoning positioning and field test result assessment.

Abstract: This paper aimed to research the relationship between the wrap around distance (WAD) to head contact and vehicle impact speed based on real pedestrian traffic accidents with video. A team was established to collect passenger car-pedestrian accident cases occurring between July 2011 and July 2015 in Chongqing, China. A total of 15 pedestrian crashes were selected into the sample. Impact speeds were calculated by a video analysis technology, and the WAD was revised according to the average height of pedestrians involved in the sample. The relationship between the WAD and impact speed was analyzed using linear regression analysis. We propose a method to evaluate the impact speed in passenger car-pedestrian. These results will contribute to the development of judicial identification and research of pedestrian injury.

Abstract: In most of the cases of a road traffic accident reconstruction, the usage of traditional reconstruction methods represents the basic set of tools, but in an ever increasing number of cases, computer simulation is used for control the results or vice versa. In some cases, traditional methods, based on linear momentum conservation, energy conservation and assessment of deformation of the vehicles or experimental results of crash tests are not suitable because of the highly unusual character of the collision. The paper deals with one case of this type in which the pedestrian was cut in two parts.

Abstract: Recent statistics on the main causes of road traffic accidents and subsequently the main causes of victims’ injuries which may ultimately lead to fatalities, indicate that within urban areas the first place is occupied by prohibited road-crossing, accounting for over 20% of the causes for road traffic accidents. Hence, one of the major direct consequences arising is the severe injury of the pedestrians-up to their fatalities-due to prohibited road crossing through unauthorized places. Thus, the present paper underpins a research study on the vehicle-pedestrian collision, based on a statistical analysis of the pedestrian model, most frequently involved in road traffic accidents. The statistical analysis will be then reinforced by a theoretical study regarding this type of collision. In order to validate the mathematical model, applied to determine the projection throw distance of a pedestrian, we have also proposed a virtual simulation of the vehicle - pedestrian collision, described within the last section of the present research paper.

Abstract: In this paper, we present a developed cellular automata model to simulate the pedestrians’ crowd behaviors in congested public facility during emergency evacuation. Pedestrian perception and choice behavior considering the queue time of door changing were investigated in pedestrian decision and evacuation time. The model was used to mimic the emergency evacuation with a range of densities for the study of relationship between individual behavior and evacuation time. The results indicate that pedestrian is sensitively for the queue time and prefer to change the exit if the evacuation time perceived by the pedestrian is large then other exit during the escape process. The model is useful to study the pedestrian’s behavior during the emergency evacuation, and helpful for safe layout of the public facilities.

Abstract: To analyze the pedestrian speed of at signalized intersections with exclusive pedestrian phases, data of pedestrian speed at 3 typical signalized intersections in Weihai were collected by video survey and artificial measurement and statistical analysis were conducted by SPSS. Influence factors including gender, different time and stage when pedestrian crossing the street. The 15th percentile speed of pedestrians crossing intersection was put forward which may provide theoretical base for the conformation of pedestrian green light of signalized intersections with exclusive pedestrian phases.

Abstract: This paper aimed at investigating the injury risk and the kinematics of pedestrians in collisions with buses. A mathematical model of a production bus was developed. A parameter study of the bus-pedestrian collision was carried out by using the bus MB (multi-body model) and a validated pedestrian MB model in terms of pedestrian postures, bus front design parameters, and different impact conditions. The results indicated that the initial state of pedestrians has significant influences on their kinematic responses. The impact speed and front stiffness has remarkable effects on pedestrian injury severities. Besides, restricted bus travel speed,lowered stiffness of bus front structure and reduced ground clearance could reduce the pedestrian injury risks.

Abstract: In order to research the injury of pedestrian collided with microbus windshield, the finite element model of pedestrian and windshield are established based on the characteristics of pedestrian collision with microbus windshield in traffic accident to simulate the collision process by ANSYS/LS-DYNA. In the condition of different impact velocities, HIC, TTI and stress intensity of pedestrian are studied in simulation test. The results illustrate that with the impact velocitys increasing the original impact energy, stress intensity, acceleration, HIC, and TTI increase. Also, the collision time is prolonged. Collision in head, the head of pedestrian would suffer serious injury with more than 29 km/h impact velocity. The chest would suffer serious injury with more than 25 km/h impact velocity in condition of colliding on chest.