Papers by Keyword: Peri-Implantitis

Abstract: This work presents a pilot study on the photoelectric effect of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) deposited on grade 4 titanium discs on their antimicrobial properties, especially for dental implants applications. The prepared specimens are characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy to ensure a homogenous coverage of the TiO₂ material on the discs. The samples were further tested to outline the photoelectric response of titanium dioxide to ultraviolet radiation in the form of electrical current within the discs. Six discs (three bare Ti, and three coated with TiO₂) were seeded with a 5 μl of Escherichia coli culture. One disc of each group was subjected to the same UV light source used for the opto-electrical analysis for 0, 1 or 5 minutes. Bacteria on the discs were then harvested and incubated to examine number of viable cells. The obtained electrical properties confirmed the suitability of the surface-coating to provide simultaneous oxidation-reduction driven reactions under the photoinduced catalytic activity. This activity highlighted the benefits of the added TiO₂ layer in reducing the numbers of active E-Coli bacteria in a microbial setup by as much as 21% after 5 minutes of UV exposure. This photoelectrical effect has a profound impact on the development of an in-situ oral disinfectant material deposited on titanium-based dental implants.

Abstract: Implant therapy has provided the clinician a wide variety of treatment options with respect to the replacement of missing natural teeth. With more number of dentists practicing implant dentistry, one is likely to be presented with peri-implantitis and implant related failures in day to day practice. Peri-impant mucositis can be reversed by elimination of the biofilm but peri-implantitis which results in bone loss and subsequent exfoliation of the implant if left unattended have to be treated using a regenerative approach in addition to conventional non surgical therapy. The present case demonstrates the guided bone regeneration procedure using a glass-reinforced HA and collagen membrane in the treatment of an intrabony defect around the implant. Nine months post operative radiograph revealed complete resolution of the defect. This novel composite alloplast shows promise in treating such lesions.Keywords: Peri-implantitis, Guided bone regeneration, Alloplast, Dental implant, Bone graft, Collagen membrane, Implant decontamination.

Abstract: This manuscript discusses peri-implantitis around dental implants and the current methodologies of surgical and non-surgical approaches towards treating peri-implantitis. Mechanical, chemical cleansing and reactivation of infected implant surface along with recent advances like the use of Laser and Photodynamic therapy (PDT) have also been reviewed in this literature. Bone regenerative treatment methods for the treatment of peri-implantitis using non-resorbable membranes (Guided Bone Regeneration), autogenous bone grafts and bone substitute materials with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and other growth factors have also been reviewed in this manuscript.

Abstract: The purpose of treatment for peri-implantitis is to achieve structural and functional restoration of the lost supporting tissues around implants, including re-osseointegration. Both surgical and non-surgical approaches in combination with a variety of anti-microbial treatment regimens have been applied depending on the size and shape of the bone defect. Tetracycline-HCl (Tc) treatment has been considered as a effective chemical modality for decontamination and detoxification of contaminated implant surfaces. The aim of this study was to examine if Tc conditioning changes the microstructures of the modified surface of dental implants. Dental implants with (1) hydroxyapatite-coated surface (HAS) (Replace® select HA, Nobel Biocare AB, Göthenburg, Sweden), (2) TiO2-blasted surface (TBS) (Astra TiOblast®, ASTRA Tech AB, Mölndal, Sweden) were used in this study. Tc treatment noticeably altered the surface of HAS and TBS. HAS and TBS were partially removed from the implant surface as early as 90 and 60 sec, respectively.

Abstract: The increased surface roughness of dental implants has shown enhanced integration of bone tissues to implant surfaces, but may be predisposed to an increased risk of pathogenic bacterial infection and contamination with bacterial products. Tetracycline-HCl (Tc) treatment has been regarded as a practical and effective chemical modality for decontamination and detoxification of contaminated implant surfaces. The purpose of this study was to examine if Tc treatment alters the microstructures of the modified surface of dental implants. For this purpose, dental implants with pure titanium machined surface (MS), sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched surface (SLAS), or anodized surface (AS) were used. The surface of dental implants was rubbed for 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 sec with sponge pellets soaked in Tc solution (50mg/ml) and in distilled water for 0 and 150 sec as the control group. The specimens were then routinely processed for scanning electron microscopy. The results show that Tc treatment did not change the surface of MS, SLAS, and AS.