Papers by Keyword: Photovoltaic System

Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) systems have gained significant attention as a viable and sustainable source of electricity generation. This paper provides an examination of the efficiency of four PV systems installed across the South West and West regions of Romania, exploring the underlying mechanisms, influencing factors, and strategies for optimization. The solar data and the power generated by the PV systems are systematically collected and analysed. High PV system efficiency has several significant environmental and economic benefits: reduced greenhouse gas emissions, energy independence, cost savings and job creation. The aim is to contribute to the understanding and advancement of PV technology for a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.

Abstract: Thermoelectric coolers need electrical energy to create temperature differences between the hot and cold sides; however, photovoltaic systems immediately convert solar radiation into electrical energy. The study is a combined (PV-TEC)—experimental study on a thermoelectric cooler operating by the Peltier effect to analyze and develop the TEC. One TEC was used, and its dimensions were (40*40*3.4) mm. The current required by the TEC is 6A and 12V DC. The thermoelectric cooler is electrically powered by a solar system consisting of two 660W solar panels, a solar charger and two 12V batteries. The results revealed a relationship between the coefficient of performance and the input energy, as the COP showed an increase as the input energy decreased, which is an essential factor for the cooling process. The temperature difference, which was the difference between ambient and cold temperatures, is related to the COP. The COP rises as the temperature difference decreases until it becomes stable. Moreover, the consumption current is an important factor in electronic devices, so the study focused on demonstrating the effect of the cold side temperature on the current, and an empirical equation was found between them. It has been found that a decrease in the temperature of the cold side leads to a sharp reduction in the consumption current until it stabilizes. The maximum coefficient of performance was 3.7436, obtained at the current 1.4 and cold side temperature of zero degrees centigrade. This high value of the coefficient of performance resulted from using curved fins to improve heat dissipation from the hot side.

Abstract: The paper shows the dynamic simulation in virtual environment of a dual-axis sun tracking mechanism with application in photovoltaic (PV) systems, with the aim to increase the energetic efficiency. The idea is to design a tracking mechanism that automatically changes the diurnal and elevation (altitudinal) position of the PV panel, by considering a predefined tracking algorithm, for maximizing the degree of use of the solar energy (i.e. the incident solar radiation). The tracking mechanism is approached in mechatronic concept, by through the implementation of the two main components (mechanical device, and actuating & control system) at the virtual prototype level. The dynamic simulation was performed by using a virtual prototyping platform, which includes the following software solutions: CATIA, ADAMS/View & ADAMS/Controls, and EASY5. The behavior (performance) of the tracking mechanism is evaluated from energetic efficiency point of view, considering the energy gain reported to an equivalent fixed PV system.

Abstract: The photovoltaic system converts electrical energy from solar radiation energy. It is preferable because it has no moving parts and low pollution to the environment. The performance of photovoltaic system has been decided with environmental aspects apart from the photovoltaic system specifications and incident solar radiation. In this research, the influence of relative humidity on photovoltaic system is considered for evaluating the performance and to draw the characteristic curves during winter (December and January) period. The photovoltaic system which installed at Chennai city, India, is exposed to high relative humidity even during winter season. The 3kW photovoltaic system behaviour is considered and measures the photovoltaic output voltage and output current with the effect of relative humidity. The performance curves shows that high relative humidity reduces the output voltage and current from photovoltaic system. It is same as the influence of other adverse environmental factors to degrade the operation and life span of photovoltaic system.

Abstract: The coordinated reactive power control among photovoltaic (PV) systems, without communication requirement, is introduced to prevent the over-voltage problems in radial distribution networks. The voltage source inverter in PV system can provide the reactive power control to deal with the dynamic voltage variations. Two reactive power control methods, Q(P) and Q(V), can be employed into each PV system depending on its location. The dynamic voltage control performances are examined on simulation in DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. The results showed that the proposed control method can mitigate the rise of voltage level sufficiently.

Abstract: Solar energy is inexhaustible and renewable energy, lower in cost, sustainable and independent resource for producing electricity through photovoltaic systems. Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system became one of the most promising technologies and recently experienced extraordinary growth. There is a consensus that these advancements lead to novel methods of domestic energy generation. This paper deals with design and analysis of unitized curtain wall with photovoltaic system for a proposed office building, which is having Curtain wall area of 4890 m². Using photovoltaic system in Unitized Curtain wall spandrel area to produce electricity through solar energy is an innovative method utilized in the proposed corporate office building. Recyclable materials like Aluminium, Glass and sealant are used in Curtain wall. By using Building Integrated Photovoltaic System (BIVP), 50% of Electricity required for the building is produced and its relative merits and cost are discussed.

Abstract: This paper proposes an intelligent controller based on fuzzy logic, capable to ensure to the networks with distributed renewable energy generation, a high performance in functioning and in concordance with the latest demands of triple performance strategies. It is a solution to the identified problem of the photovoltaic systems: the low efficiency of the energy transfer between the storage unit and photovoltaic module, dues to the appearance of the hydrogenating phenomena. An increasing value of the energy available to users of the power system is expected as results of the implementation of the proposed intelligent load device.

Abstract: In this paper, a design of a specific hybrid energy system is elaborated for small scale applications in building facilities of residential or commercial purpose. The energy system is assembled from existing market available technologies that include implementation of a heat pump technology, photovoltaic system and of a standard accumulation boiler for the preparation of hot water. The developed energy system is assumed to be used in mild climates where a heat pump system can be efficiently used throughout the year. According to the gained experimental results the coefficient of the performance for the cooling mode can be expected between 5.0 and 6.0, which prove that the proposed system is highly energy efficient. The developed energy system can cover both cooling and heating demands and also demands for domestic hot water and it represents a totally renewable energy system.

Abstract: In order to realize the solar photovoltaic (PV) system connecting with grid friendly, a PV system with voltage-controlled inverter based on virtual synchronous generator (SG) is presented. This kind of system has features of SG, which supply the virtual moment of inertia to grid. The mathematical model of PV and virtual SG is built, and the control strategy of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is also studied in the paper. Simulation model of the grid-connected PV power system is built on Matlab/Simulink. Finally, correctness and feasibility of this system are verified by simulation results.

Abstract: With more and more photovoltaic systems connected to the grid, a strategy for grid-connection control is proposed. The topology of PV inverter and photovoltaic inverter and the active and reactive power decoupling control of photovoltaic system are analyzed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy for grid-connection control is verified by simulation and experiment by the case on the RTDS.