Papers by Keyword: Planetary Ball Mill

Abstract: Cordierite is known as a leading candidate material for many applications. In this study, mechanical activation assisted synthesis of cordierite using andalusite as a starting material was attempted and phase formation of powder obtained from the heat treatment of talc-andalusite-silica system was investigated. The stoichiometric composition of cordierite (2MgO·2Al₂O₃·5SiO₂) was prepared and ground in planetary ball mill at the rotational speed of 300 and 500 rpm for 0, 30, 60 and 90 min. The powder mixtures were heat treated in air at the temperature ranging from 1150 to 1350°C for 2 hours. Thermal reaction, phase present and microstructure of the starting materials and synthesized products were analyzed by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. It was found that cordierite phase increased with the grinding time and speed and synthesis temperature. The kinetics of phase formation in this system were also discussed.

Abstract: The comparative analysis of the structure and properties of composite coatings deposited by electrostatic spraying of nine powder mixtures based on polyester powder paint (PPP), epoxy powder paint (EPP), polyurethane varnish (PUV) with micron size fillers in the form of carbon black (CB), colloidal graphite (CG) and Cr17Ni2 steel have been carried out. The powder mixtures were pre-treated in a planetary ball mill (PBM) to input the maximum amount of functionalizing particles in the coatings. The designed coatings besides carrying out conventional protective (anti-corrosion) functions might be used for removing static electricity and shielding electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Key stages for providing functional properties to polymeric coatings based on powder paints in order to reduce the rate of electromagnetic radiation due to treatment in planetary ball mill were studied. While varying the time of the treatment, as well as the filler weight fraction, the properties of powder mixtures, as well as the structure and properties of the coatings were investigated. Functionality of the coatings was achieved through adding shielding filler (the powder of Cr17Ni2steel) into powder paint and their subsequent treatment in a planetary ball mill.

Abstract: Polygonum minus or ‘kesum’ is a traditional Malaysian plant used as flavoring agent and recommended for digestive disorders as well as stomach pain. The leaves are often eaten fresh as a vegetable (salad and ulam), especially among the Malay communities for preventive health care. The physicochemical characterization of nanosize of Polygonum minus in wet mill and dry mill was influenced by ball milling process using planetary ball mill. Particle size analysis employing photon correlation spectroscopy was carried out to record the effect of milling parameters on the particle size produced. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum was recorded for functional groups analysis. The result showed that after ball milling, the average size of particles was reduced while FTIR results showed the peak at region of 1,600-1,500 cm^-1 is due to the stretching vibration of carbonyl group and 1300-1,000 cm¹ indicate a stretching of C-H group.

Abstract: Herb have been the basis of traditional medicines throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide new remedies to humankind In this study, Polygonum minus (kesum) nanoparticles were prepared by using planetary ball mill and analysis for their physical and morphology properties. The size reduction method had a distinct effect on physical and morphology properties of Polygonum minus analyzed. The surface morphology and roughness of nanoherb was analyzed by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FSEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The result showed that after ball milling, the average size of particles was produced in range 227-241nm which was significantly smaller than the 100 μm prepared by conventional rotor mixer. Higher degree of granule surface fractured was observed as a result of a planetary ball milling process based on FESEM images.

Abstract: For operating under outer space conditions besides providing originally specified protective function, coating should often ensure accomplishment of functional properties, for instance conductivity of electric current. The solution of this problem can be reached by adding powder fillers with specified functional properties into powder paint. The paper deals with development of technique for formation of protective conducting coatings by filling powder paints and treatment in planetary ball mill. For protection of magnesium alloy shells the technique is offered which combines formation of the oxidized sublayer, introduction of electroconductive filler, treatment of the powder mixture in the planetary ball mill and electrostatic deposition of sifted mixture of definite dispersion. This allows sinking of static electricity from cabinets of the equipment for the space-crafts applications in conditions of the outer space.

Abstract: Fly ash has a high potential to be converted into geopolymeric material due to its abundant supplies and low cost. However, large particle size of the fly ash caused low reactivity which results in low properties of the end product. The improvement on the fly ash properties by mechanical activation allows it as a new possible raw material in wider application besides solving the low reactivity issue which hindered its range of utilization. In this study, fly ash was mechanically activated by high energy planetary ball mill for 1 hour at different speed, ranging from 100 to 350 rpm and with varied ball to powder ratio (2:1, 3:1 and 4:1). The effects towards its particle size, specific surface area and morphology were determined by particle size analyzer and SEM. It was observed that, increasing of speed to 350 rpm and 4:1 ball to powder ratio (BPR) results in finest size of fly ash where at d (0.1), d (0.5) and d (0.9) the sizes were 1.861, 6.765 and 17.065μm respectively and largest surface specific area (1.46 m²/g).

Abstract: Superfine ground calcium carbonate (GCC) produced by carbonate minerals is a widely used inorganic powder material. In order to get a finer GCC powder with narrow distribution span, the effect of rotational speed and media density on ground GCC were studied by dry grinding GCC in a planetary ball mill under different rotational speed and various media density. The grinding limit-particle size and distribution of grinding calcium carbonate were measured by centrifugal sedimentation granulometer. The structure of GCC was measured by X-ray diffraction. The result shows that low rotational speed and high-density media is conducive to get a product with smaller particle size and narrow size distribution; crystal plane (012) and (122) are more stable than (018) and (116).

Abstract: Carbon nano tube(CNT) possesses excellent electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Therefore, it has been applied in a variety of fields. In this study, we added CNT in Al₂O₃ to improve the characteristics. The composite of CNT(1.5 wt%), Al₂O₃(∅=20nm), zirconia(90g) and ethanol(20ml) is deconcentrated with planetary ball mill for 1hr, 3hr, 5hr under 200rpm, 300rpm, respectively. The prepared powder was pressed under 14MPa uniaxialy after the composite was dried in the oven at 90°C, and then the powder is pressed again by Cold Isostatic Press(CIP) with 200MPa. Then reinforced alumina matrix composites with CNT was sintered by high temperature furnace at 1525 °C

Abstract: Ball milling is a top down approach and a method to reduce size of particle while Zeolite is a valuable inorganic materials having wide variety of applications. In this paper, ball milling of commercial synthetic Zeolite powder was studied with their time varied. Wet ball milling was selected as a potential means to decrease the particle size of Zeolite over dry grinding. The parameters that included in this study were rotational speed, balls to powder ratio, water to powder ratio and milling time. These nanozeolite were characterized via Zeta-sizer nanoseries of particle sizer, FESEM, and also FTIR. Results showed that commercial synthetic Zeolite powder with particle size larger than 45 μm may be reduced into the size range between 0.2 0.3 μm by planetary ball mill.