Papers by Keyword: Polyester

Abstract: This paper presents the effect of accelerated salt spray (fog) exposure on commercially glass fiber reinforced polyester composite to determine the durability of the material. Aging behavior after exposure in the salt-spray environment was studied by mechanical properties i.e. flexural stress and flexural modulus. The accelerated salt spray exposure was conducted by Copper-Accelerated Acetic Acid Salt Spray (CASS) Test according to ASTM B368. The CASS exposure was carried out for 120 hours and observed every 24 hours. The flexural modulus results tend to be constant up to 4 days and more significant change on 5^th day of measurement. Furthermore, the morphology of specimens investigated by a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The SEM results also showed that only scratch occurred on the surface of the specimens test. The longer of the CASS exposure time, the higher the number of scratches. From this study, it could be concluded that Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite has slightly damage for 120 hours CASS test exposure.

Abstract: This research aim to investigate the effect of graphite loadings in unsaturated polyester (UPE) / acrylated epoxidized palm oil (AEPO) blend resin. The modification of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) to AEPO was carried out using acrylation process and further blended with synthetic UPE resin. Graphite powder was added at 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1 phr into the UPE/AEPO blend resin and cured in an oven at 100 °C and 160 °C. FTIR spectrums showed the disappearance of oxirane ring and existence of carbon double bond indicating successful of AEPO synthesis process. Tensile and Izod impact test revealed that, graphite showed different effects to neat UPE and UPE/AEPO blend resin. In neat UPE, graphite significantly improved the stiffness properties at 0.1 phr additions. However in UPE/AEPO blend resin, the toughness properties were improved with increased graphite loadings.

Abstract: Polyester fabric has the disadvantage of poor hydrophilicity which reduces its wearing comfort and limits its usage in clothing industry. Chitosan especially that of low molecular weight is effective in hydrophilic finishing for polyester fabric, while using plasma processing can greatly improve the effect. This is a green and environmental protection process. Two sets of orthogonal experiments and analysis are done to research the factors that influence the plasma processing effect and the chitosan finishing effect which points out the variation tendency and the best processing conditions.

Abstract: The present work compares the tensile properties of polyester and epoxy matrix composites reinforced with hemp fibers. Polyester and epoxy reinforced with different volume fractions of hemp fibers up to 30% were prepared according to ASTM D-638-14 and tensile tested. The epoxy matrix composites reinforced with 30% of fibers presented tensile strength of 53 MPa, while those of polyester matrix, 25 MPa. The elastic modulus of the epoxy matrix composites was 1.75 GPa and that of the polyester matrix 4.05 GPa. The tests showed that the resistance of the epoxy composites reinforced with hemp fiber is superior to those of polyester matrix. However, the stiffness of the polyester/hemp fiber composites is higher than the epoxy/hemp fiber ones.

Abstract: Saturated polyester (PE) resin was modified with 0.5 and 1.0% (v/v) of epoxysilane-treated (aluminosilicate, muscovite, nepheline syenite, and wollastonite) and alkoxysilane-treated (aluminosilicate) mineral fillers before coating to carbon steel. The corrosion behavior of specimens was studied using potentiodynamic polarization method. Wetting behavior and adhesion of specimens were evaluated by static contact angle and cross-cut tape tests, respectively. The addition of silane-treated mineral fillers dramatically improved the corrosion resistance of saturated PE, with epoxysilane-treated wollastonite and alkoxysilane-treated aluminosilicate at 0.5% concentration significantly lowering the corrosion tendency and rate in 2 M HCl solution. Meanwhile, only epoxysilane-treated nepheline syenite significantly increased the water contact angle of saturated PE. The adhesion of saturated PE to carbons steel was increased after addition of fillers at 0.5%, with epoxysilane-treated wollastonite and alkoxysilane-treated aluminosilicate giving the lowest percent area removed after application of adhesive tape. Epoxysilane-treated wollastonite and alkoxysilane-treated aluminosilicate at 0.5% were found most suitable as fillers for saturated PE coating.

Abstract: The study of vibration-damping factor on unsaturated polyester resin reinforced glass and kenaf fiber has been performed. Two variations of glass and kenaf fibers were made based on fiber volume fraction (V_f) and ratio of glass to kenaf fiber at V_f of 25 %. The measurement of the samples was to obtain the value of the vibration-damping factor and the elastic modulus. The result shows that the vibration-damping factor decreases proportionally to the addition of fiber. Increased stiffness is evidenced by an increase in elastic modulus along with an increase in fiber content. According ratio of glass to kenaf fiber, the vibration-damping factor decreases proportionally with the increasing of glass fiber content. Increased kenaf fiber content causes an increase in vibration-damping factor, a decrease in elastic modulus, and lead to decreased in stiffness of the hybrid composite.

Abstract: The present study deals with the one-step one-bath dyeing of with/without alkaline treatment of twill weaved 50/50 cotton/polyester blended fabric using disperse dyes only. The dyeing results are studied by colorimetric colour measurements, applying instrumental approach, and colour change during fastness tests. Several testing methods are designed and adapted to the disposable technical and material base. The results are found to be promising as an alternative dyeing technology and for effective product quality assessment.

Abstract: The present study deals with the one-step one-bath dyeing of twill weaved 50/50 cotton/polyester blended fabric using disperse dyes only. The study includes dyeing recipe development, considering the determination of optimum concentrations of dyestuff and auxiliaries, and sufficient pH of dyebath. The proposed method is time consuming and hence can be recommended for industrial testing.

Abstract: In this work, we focus on a new generation of polymer named Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). In order to analyse and determine true behaviour of this polymer, a special experimental method was used. Hence, the true stress/strain responses are investigated under a large plastic deformation in different stress triaxiality frameworks with a particular attention on the volumetric strain evolution, with their decomposition to an elastic volumetric strain, plastic volumetric strain and the pure shear. Moreover, the effect of stress triaxiality on the plastic instability and the fracture strain is also examined. With the plastic instability analysis, it was found that plastic strain hardening increases gradually with the triaxiality. Finally, in order to evaluate the damage of this polymer, a theoretical damage formula is proposed.

Abstract: Poly (ester urethane) s (PEUs) based on L-lactic acid (LA) and ricinoleic acid (RA), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) were synthesized via polycondensation-chain extension reaction. Melt polycondensation reaction was carried out to produce the prepolymer poly (L-lactic acid-co-ricinoleic acid), with number average molecular weights (M_w) ranging from 3,000 to 10,000 g/mol. The weight ratio between LA with RA were 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20. The PEUs PEU100:0, PEU95:05, PEU 90:10 and PEU 80:20 were observed to be soft solids. Molecular weights increased after chain extension/coupling reaction with the diisocyanate, producing polymers with M_w ranging from 60,000 to 115,000 g/mol. The production of poly (L-lactic acid-co-ricinoleic acid urethane) was verified by infrared (FTIR) and proton-nuclear magnetic (H¹-NMR) spectroscopy. The poly (L-lactic acid) and the urethane groups are believed to form hard segment while the poly (ricinoleic acid) segment is the soft segment group. Moreover, oxygen plasma surface modification was also employed to alter the surface properties of the PEU samples Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface roughens and hydroxyapatite mineralization were improved after the plasma treatment. The PEU materials were also found to be biocompatible with L929 mouse normal fibroblast cells.