Papers by Keyword: Potassium Niobate

Abstract: Denser, solvothermally synthesized KNbO₃ (KN) / BaTiO₃ (BT) composites with heteroepitaxial interfaces were prepared using the barium titanate powder with a wide particle size distribution. The relative density was 68 - 80 %, which was larger than that of the composites prepared using the barium titanate powder with a narrow particle size distribution. The dielectric constant was 300 450 and it was maximized at the KN/BT molar ratio of 0.5. The origin was discussed with the microstructure and crystal structure.

Abstract: Porous potassium niobate (KNbO₃, KN) system ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) method using carbon black (CB, 5 μm). First, the powders of raw materials were mixed in ethanol by ball milling, and then calcined. Obtained KN powders with CB were sintered by SPS in argon atmosphere. Their piezoelectric properties were measured and a relationship between porosity, pore size, and sensor properties was studied. It was found that d₃₃ increased as pore size decreased. Thus, pore size was important for the improvement of value of g₃₃/ρ.

Abstract: Barium titanate (BaTiO₃, BT) - potassium niobate (KNbO₃, KN) nanostructured ceramics with artificial morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) structure were successfully prepared at temperatures below 230 °C by solvothermal method. Various characterizations suggested that the BT-KN nanostructured ceramics exhibited a porosity of around 30 % and heteroepitaxial interface between BT and KN. Their dielectric and piezoelectric properties were measured at room temperature, and the dielectric constant and apparent piezoelectric constant estimated from slope of strain and electric field curve was 370 and 136 pm/V, respectively.

Abstract: In this study, 0.8 KNbO₃ (KN) -0.2 BaTiO₃ (BT) ceramics were prepared using KN powder with the diameter of 100 nm and BT powders with the diameter of 100, 300, or 500 nm. The relative densities were more than 96 % of the theoretical densities of the samples. The dielectric constant of the samples was temperature-stable at temperatures between-50 and 300 °C and it was found that the dielectric constant of the 0.8KN-0.2BT ceramics increased as the BT diameter increased.

Abstract: Effect of the microstructural homogeneity of 0.5 BaTiO₃ - 0.5 KNbO₃ (0.5BT-0.5KN) solid solution ceramics on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties was investigated. Microstructure of a sample prepared by a conventional sintering method was homogenous, and the room temperature crystal structure was assigned to cubic Pm3m symmetry and therefore the sample was paraelectric. On the other hand, microstructure of samples prepared by a two-step sintering method was inhomogeneous, that is, it was made of BT and KN grains. The large electric field piezoelectric constant d₃₃* increased with increasing interface area.

Abstract: Porous potassium niobate (KNbO₃, KN) system ceramics were prepared by a conventional sintering method using carbon black (CB) nanoparticles. First, KN nanoparticles with a size of 100 nm was mixed with CB nanoparticles and binder using ball milling with ethanol. The mixture was dried, and pressed into pellets using uniaxial pressing. After binder burnout, these ceramics was sintered in air. Their piezoelectric properties were measured and discussed a relationship between porosity and piezoelectric properties. As the results, with increasing porosity, piezoelectric g₃₃ constant increased significantly, which suggested that porous ceramics were effective for stress sensor application.

Abstract: ANbO₃ – BaTiO₃ (A=K, Na, or K_0.5Na_0.5) system ceramics were prepared using a conventional sintering method, and their dielectric properties were investigated. It was found that the dielectric constant of KNbO₃-BaTiO₃ and (K_0.5Na_0.5) NbO₃- BaTiO₃ system ceramics did not strongly depend on temperature between 20 and 400 °C, making them useful for capacitor application.

Abstract: New synthesis process to prepare nano-particles of lithium niobate, sodium niobate and potassium niobate by thermal decomposition of the constituent double metal alkoxides was developed. Single crystals of such double-metal alkoxides as Na-Nb, Li-Nb and K-Nb ethoxides were newly synthesized from a mixed solution of the constituent metal ethoxides. The doublemetal alkoxides of the Li-Nb, Na-Nb and K-Nb systems decomposed at low temperatures below 673 K to form nano-particles of LiNbO3, NaNbO3 and LiNbO3. The lattice constants and crystallite size of the obtained LiNbO3, NaNbO3 and LiNbO3 particles were elucidated. It was shown that this new synthesis process was useful for preparation of niobate nano-particles at low temperatures.

Abstract: Barium titanate (BaTiO3, BT) - potassium niobate (KNbO3, KN) solid solution system (0.5BT-0.5KN) ceramics with various microstructures were prepared by conventional sintering method and two-step sintering method using BT and KN nanoparticles. Their microstructures were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and it was confirmed that two ferroelectric phases, i.e., BT-rich tetragonal and KN-rich orthorhombic phases, always coexisted for all ceramics, which suggested that 0.5BT-0.5KN ceramics had “pseudo-morphotropic phase boundary (MPB)” structure. Thus, the control of the interface area between two phases was important to enhance piezoelectric property. Finally, their piezoelectric property was measured, and the apparent piezoelectric constant d33* increased with increasing interface area.

Abstract: Barium titanate (BaTiO3, BT) and potassium niobate (KNbO3, KN) ceramics were prepared by normal sintering process. Phase diagram of BT-KN system was investigated using high-temperature XRD and dielectric measurement, and two phases coexistence between tetragonal and orthorhombic was observed at room temperature. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation confirmed that the microstructure of the ceramics with KN contents below 30 molar% was composed of only tetragonal BT-rich grain, while those with KN contents above 40 molar% were composed of two kinds of grains, i.e., tetragonal BT-rich and orthorhombic KN-rich grains. Phase boundary between two phases for BT-KN ceramics was grain boundary. Thus, we named two phases coexistence region for BT-KN ceramics “wide-band morphotropic phase boundary (MPB)”. Finally, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated, and both dielectric and apparent d33 maximum were observed at the 0.5BT-0.5KN ceramics.