Papers by Keyword: Pre-Treatment

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study the anti-corrosion properties of a novel pre-treatment CeO2/ZrO2 nanometric film coating on the surface of cold-rolled plate at room temperature. A novel coating agents involved elements Zr,Ce and additional surfactants were prepared and used in the field of cold-rolled plate pretreatment. The surface of the coating sample was investigated by using X-ray Photon Spectrum (XPS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM)，respectively. The Ce3+ doted ZrO2 nanofilm could improve the anti-corrosion performance of coated plate. This dipping coating process satisfied the energy-saving and green chemistry requirement of modern cold-rolled plate pre-treatment technology.

Abstract: Effect of chlorine, potassium permanganate and peracetic acid pretreatment on H₂O₂ bleaching properties of cotton stalk SCMP was studied in the paper. The results showed that brightness gradually increased with dosage of chlorine, however, the increase is small, and bursting index and breaking length firstly increased and then decreased as dosage of chlorine is great than 1.5%. Brightness of H₂O₂ bleached pulp decreased for potassium permanganate pretreatment, even change the bleaching sequence. Brightness of PaPP bleaching is the highest with peracetic acid pretreatment. Among the studied reagents, chlorine and peracetic acid can increase brightness of H₂O₂ bleaching, however, pretreatment with potassium permanganate can not improve bleaching properties. The brightness with CH₃COOOH pretreatment is higher than that of chlorine pretreatment.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to achieve a better understanding of the influences of enzymatic and caustic pretreatments on the dying adsorption behavior of Lyocell yarns. The substantivity behavior, dyeing adsorption isotherms and their correlation between the equilibrium modeling and equilibrium isotherm parameters of the pre-treated Lyocell fibers have been studied. Although the conditions of each treatment were the same, changing the processing sequences caused substantially different modifications on the Lyocell fiber fine structure with consequent effect on dyeing behaviors. In general, pretreatment by caustic soda and/or enzyme can improve their dyeability of Lyocell fibers. The results of dyes adsorption show that for the same enzymatic treatment condition if the enzymatic treatment stage is applied before the caustic pre-treatment, the dyeability and sorption ability of small molecule dye on pre-treated Lyocell can be improved over that which can be obtained for caustic pre-treated yarn.

Abstract: Cotton fabric was directly inkjet printed with reactive dye ink, the ink would appear on the permeability of the fabric, the depth of color yield is low, light fastness is poor. Pretreatment agents with different mass fractions had been used to do the pretreatment of the cotton fabric before ink-jet printing, the results showed that: when the concentration of alginate ester or seaweed was between 1.0% -1.5%, the fabrics had the high color yield and the fixation color rate of the dye was the highest. When the amount of NaHCO3 was 3%, the inkjet printing effect of cotton fabrics was the best; color fastness of colors was all good. After Inkjet printing, the best effect can be achieved by steaming the cotton fabrics under the 100 °Csaturated water vapor for 25min: the colors of black, red and yellow of the K / S value were of the maximum, color fastness was fine.

Abstract: Cellulosic Ethanol was considered to be the most promising alternative energy. For the biomass densification and pre-technical problems during the manufacturing process, we propose a new method concerning ultrasonic compression of cellulosic biomass, which does not need high-temperature steam heating, adding adhesive and high pressure, and it increases 60% of the fiber density and 20% of the sugar ratio through the grinding, ultrasonic compression molding and biomass briquetting.

Abstract: In this study, the biosorption of Malachite Green, a cationic dye from aqueous solution onto pretreated biomass of Penicilium sp. was examined. The biosorption studies were carried out under various parameters such as initial pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. The experimental results show that optimum pH for efficient dye biosorption was found to be 5.0-6.0 for pretreated biomass. The bosorption capacity was increased with the increasing initial dye concentration in studied dye concentration range. The kinetic data obtained at different concentrations were analyzed using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models. It was obtained that the biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Abstract: Hycast TM RAM, hereafter called RAM, is a crucible fluxing technology for removal of alkaline elements (Na, Ca, and Li), as well as carbides, oxides and cryolite, from aluminium pot-room metal without the use of chlorine. AlF3 powder is injected into the liquid metal (below the metal surface) by the use of a specially designed rotor system and argon as a carrier gas. The fluxing system can be adapted to different crucible transport/tapping system, and is proven for crucible sizes from 2 to 9 tons. Since surface active elements like Sodium are removed before the metal enters into the furnace, the metal oxidation during pouring and furnace treatment is significantly reduced. Pretreatment will also reduce the carbide level in the metal, and by this improve the overall metal quality, and prevent clogging/deposits in furnaces, degassers, ceramic foam filters etc. This paper describes the principles of the RAM technology, effect on metal quality and documented operational benefits in a primary casthouse. Also environmental issues are discussed.

Abstract: Using coagulation sedimentation process in the advanced treatment of urban secondary effluent which can be recycled to circulating cooling water system in power plant is only perform well on turbidity removal. But the concentrations of organic matter and NH₃ in effluent can not meet the requirements of circulating cooling water. Therefore, the feasibility of biological aerated filter (BAF) as a pretreatment enhancing coagulation sedimentation process was studied. The results show that the BAF pretreatment removes NH₃ effectively, and the turbidity and COD_Cr of effluent of BAF-coagulation sedimentation process is much lower than individual coagulation sedimentation process. The final effluent qualities meet the requirements of circulating cooling water system in power plant.

Abstract: Telecommunications network fault location process of the root cause is the fault diagnosis process, there are mature products in general is the use of rule-based approach, rule-based approach is not suitable because of its inherent defects in the application of large-scale telecommunications networks, Thought about the uncertainty and incomplete of telecommunications networks events in nature, this article applied Bayesian network method to solve the information uncertainty and incomplete of telecommunications networks events, taking on the Bayesian reasoning method, proposed three optimization methods, namely, narrow range method, pretreatment method and the results of validation and verification method. with experiment on an actual existing network, these tree methods can effectively improve the telecommunications network fault diagnostic accuracy, lower false alarm rate.

Abstract: In this study, the PET/Nylon woven fabrics first treated with infrared radiation and microwave, then dipped isocyanate solution. The surface of the fabric had treated by physical and chemical processing. Adhesion strength between fabric and fabric up rise to 37.4%, and treated by microwave up rise to while adhesion strength between fabric and rubber by up to 52.2%.