Papers by Keyword: Reconstruction

Abstract: There were considered the distinctive features of the historical center of the city, its cultural and artistic value. Attention is drawn to the fact that the space of this center reflects the most important features of the historical character of the city. The object and the subject of the research, as well as the purpose, objectives and methods of research were set. There were determined the complex of measures which are necessary to carry out the reconstructive arrangements. There were analyzed the main actions which are necessary to implement the regeneration of historical residential areas. The great attention was paid to the problems of preservation of architectural-construction heritage, interaction of all participants of architectural activity in the present context.

Abstract: The article deals with the relevance of the formation of educational institutions buildings in cooperation with higher education institutions. On the basis of modern tendencies of the education development the basic typological groups of the educational organisations are revealed which are basic elements in the general system of the higher education. The necessity of architectural formation of the school as the main component in the system of school-University interaction is determined. On the basis of the conducted researches are revealed the main directions and methods of architectural formation of buildings of the General educational organisations, namely schools in the structure of higher educational institutions (universities). The basic architectural and planning principles of designing school buildings in the structure of university complexes are defined. The conceptual model of architectural formation of a school building in the conditions of education continuity is developed: general-higher, on the example of Don State Technical University.

Abstract: Abstract: The paper is focused on a system of investigation of hidden parts of historical buildings as footing masonry and subsoil affecting significantly their technical conditions and stability. These impacts are mostly difficult to identify in time and there are often indirect producing differential settlement resulting in development of systems of cracks in the building masonry. Reliable analysis of the building supporting system shall precede any remedial actions or reconstructions. If the demonstration of the above negative impacts on the building becomes visible, it can indicate our late entry in to solving the problems with deterioration of the foundation system. Investigation boring and instrumentation of boreholes for high accuracy 3D displacement monitoring with local levelling system is presented in the paper illustrated by an example of one baroque church of the Broumov group of churches. This activity was followed by analyses of building stones and determination of degree of the footing masonry and subsoil deterioration together with careful input data for numeric modelling estimation.

Abstract: The article analyzes possibilities of using additive manufacturing in the building industry, especially in the field of reconstruction of building structures. On concrete examples, growing potential and future perspective of the additive manufacturing technology are demonstrated in the text. There are also presented cases of reconstructions, especially in combination with the 3D scanning method. At other points, the basic principles of this technology are presented, its advantages over conventional technological procedures and the possibility of application of special concrete as a primary material in the context of 3D printing and the construction industry.

Abstract: When strengthening existing reinforced concrete structures, we can find many successful applications of post-tensioning. The method of substituted cable ducts is a very convenient especially in the case of strengthening existing reinforced concrete bridges whose load capacity can be increased up to 300 %. Strengthening of structures by post-tensioning is based on active influence of internal forces by prestressing force and radial forces that occur in places of bending the unbonded prestressing tendons. Thus, the forces which acts directly on structure in the anchorage areas and in the locations where the prestressing tendons change their trajectory (in saddles) are considered as the effects of prestressing. Saddles are one of the most important structural details of the additional prestressing system. For the purpose of closer examination of the action of monostrand in steel saddles with different radii of curvature, the methodology of experiment was developed and the concrete test panel in which holes for sensors and substituted cable ducts for monostrand are prepared was created. The concrete test panel enables change of the radius of curvature and was designed for analysis of monostrands in saddles with radii of 600, 1000 and 1500 mm. The aim of short-term experiments with monostrands is to determine suitable application of post-tensioning of existing structures with prestressing tendons in HDPE sheaths in saddles with small radii of curvature.

Abstract: After the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes, much of the Christchurch Central Business District (CBD) was demolished and a new city has emerged in its place. A series of interviews conducted with key professionals involved with the reconstruction, together with data collected from various sources has made it possible to identify some of the drivers that have influenced decisions about the selection of structural material and specific structural systems used. Here, quantitative results obtained from this study are presented, in terms of structural systems, size of building in terms of square foot, as a function of time since the earthquake. The Christchurch rebuilding experience is most significant, providing a unique insight into some of the mechanisms that can dictate structural engineering decisions during the post-earthquake reconstruction of a modern city.

Abstract: Cranioplasty of frontal skull defects are used for cosmetic reasons, helping correct disfigurement, but also play a critical role in protecting intracranial content from exposure and compression. Modern surgical management is based on principles of craniofacial surgery such as early one-stage repair- if possible, exposure of all fracture fragments by well-sited cosmetic incisions, precise internal fixation and definitive soft tissue management. The choice of surgical approach depends on fracture severity, complexity, patient comorbidities, and surgeon preference and experience. In large skull defects, titanium mesh reconstruction offers good alternative to other biomaterials by eliminating the time consuming task of contour moulding. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive review of aesthetic and functional outcomes, involving titanium mesh implants associated with native bone reconstruction of frontal area posttraumatic defects. Also, the article is related to the authors own experience, in treating several patients with posttraumatic deformity of the frontal bone, assessing forehead contour aesthetics, pain, nerve function and late cerebral complications. A retrospective study was conducted using records from 14 adult patients, between 21-74 years of age, who underwent reconstruction of depressed frontal bone fractures, by receiving titanium mesh implants, between February 2013- October 2015. All patients had a minimum follow up of 5 months by clinical examination and periodic CT-scans. In order to evaluate the experimental results we follow different clinical parameters than late complications, like facial nerve function, cosmetic outcome, and pain. According our clinical results, titanium mesh is an effective method of forehead reconstruction, which provides predictably good long term results.

Abstract: In this article, the authors presented two examples of the reconstruction of medieval masonry ramparts in Nowogrodziec and Gryfów Śląski (Lower-Silesia, Poland). The authors elaborated a schedule for the reinforcement and the reconstruction of permanent medieval monastery ruins in Nowogrodziec and a way to reinforce the medieval city walls in Gryfów. [1, 2]. The authors have also proposed the reinforcement by using "Reticolatus" system. The "Reticolatus" system, developed in Italy for strengthening 3-layer walls against seismic influence, could be used separately or in addition to other techniques of reinforcement, especially in irregular masonry structures. The proposed technique allows for increasing compressive and shear strength. This method also allows for using the original material of the building with preservation and protection of historical, monumental and architectural character of the reinforcement construction.

Abstract: The microstructure and pores of the consolidated powder materials are important to determine the final properties of the pieces produced. Therefore, the control of their volume fractions and morphologies represent actual technological challenges. Besides the quantification of the phase and pores volume fractions there are important features related with the morphological aspects and the phase boundary structure that reveals the mechanisms of properties improvements, which are crucial for development of materials obtained by powder metallurgy techniques. In this paper, stereological measurements of pores present in the material stainless steel (316L) are obtained by combining serial sectioning technique and optical microscopy (OM). Dilatometric experiments were carried out in order to simulate heat treatment for sintering the material. The 3D microstructures are obtained by images reconstruction using numerical pixels treatment and stereological results of the porosities are presented.

Abstract: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique was under tremendous improvement during last 10 years; anatomical versus transtibial technique gradually increased, with soft tissue graft overcoming bone-tendon-bone, and biodegradable exceeding metallic implants. Still, complications related to ACL reconstruction are reported; one of it is pretibial cyst formation. Pretibial cyst formation is reported to develop between 2 and 5 years post-operation. We report a case in which the cyst was developed at 2 years after surgery; a biocomposite screw was used for fixation on tibial site, in an ACL reconstruction done with soft tissue autograft. The MRI examination suggested the diagnostic, which was confirmed by histological examination of the cyst. The screw suffered multiple fragmentation; the remnants were retrieved and analyzed. The knee stability was not affected by the cyst development. After retrieval of the screw and appropriate rehabilitation, the patient recovery was complete. The presented case confirms that even biocomposite screw may be related to these sorts of complications, mainly related to plain biodegradable screws. The case offers a point of start for analysis of the literature. A precise ethology of this kind of complications is still unknown; a lot of theories have been developed, two of them seem to be related to our case. Technical improvement together with long time surveillance of cases in which biocomposite implants were used may improve our knowledge concerning the fate of these implants.