Papers by Keyword: Reinforced Concrete (RC)

Abstract: The considerable network of transportation infrastructures such as highways, rails, and so forth are key providers to economic growth and productivity of countries. Consecutively, Reinforced Concrete (RC) is the predominant construction materials in constructing many of these infrastructures. RC is a unique construction material which allows flexible design layouts and offers safe bending and torsion to satisfy design requirements. However, being exposed to harsh environment and contamination such as salts, acid rain, distilled water, carbonation, sulphur and so on are the reasons for deterioration, thus significantly impacting the performance of these structures. Furthermore, the deterioration of these structures is not only a safety issue, but also an economic concern. Moreover, deterioration of concrete infrastructures can be attributed to many factors from structural deficiency to corrosion of reinforcement and thermal expansion due to fire damage. Accordingly, this paper will review the corrosion of reinforcements in concrete transportation Structures, and in doing so it will also examine some of the novel deterioration models to prolong concrete transportation structures. First, second, and third level headings Introduction All manuscripts must be in English. Please keep a second copy of your manuscript in your office (just in case anything gets lost in the mail). When receiving the manuscript, we assume that the corresponding authors grant us the copyright to use the manuscript for the book or journal in question. Should authors use tables or figures from other Publications, they must ask the corresponding publishers to grant them the right to publish this material in their paper.

Abstract: Calcium leaching degradation could be happened in reinforcement concrete member due to the contact with pure water in underground condition. Thus, it is needed to evaluate the resistance of calcium leaching for concrete mixed with mineral admixtures. So, in this paper, to evaluate the flexural behavior in RC member with mineral admixture under calcium leaching degradation, we investigated the effect of calcium leaching using the non-linear finite-element program. From the results, the load capacity and flexible rigidity of a degraded RC member decrease when the degradation level increases with leaching period. And, regardless of the type of mineral admixtures, finite-element-method analysis effectively showed the characteristics of calcium leaching damaged RC beam.

Abstract: The aim of this work is to study the cracking of reinforced concrete continuous beams by considering different classes of concrete. It is well known that the design of reinforced concrete structures includes three limit states (limit state of collapse, limit state of strain and limit state of cracking). The cracks in reinforced concrete structures are admitted in the phase II (cracked sections). Thus, the phenomenon of cracks formation can be treated as a normal state only when their openings are limited to avoid a permanent risk of collapse and ensure durability for the civil engineering concrete structures. The importance of this work is described by the tests made on reinforced concrete continuous beams in real size, under concentrated loads increasing from zero up to collapse, where the concrete class influence on the cracks spacing has been studied. As this wasnt theoretically investigated, the used references for an aim comparison were relative to experimentations made by Monnier and Kuczynski on an only one concrete class to the cracks openings and the spacing evaluation analysis The findings of the research reported in this paper show that there is no effect of the concrete class on the cracks spacing.

Abstract: In order to select sensitivity parameter of bearing capacity and ductility, the orthogonal design method was used to research reinforced concrete (RC) columns with Z-shaped cross-section under compression and bending, by the nonlinear analysis computer program of RC columns with irregularly-shaped cross-section. The seven parameters and four levels of orthogonal design were researched, for example ratio of limb length to limb thickness, ratio of axial compression, loading angle, concrete strength, long reinforce ratio, stirrup diameter and stirrup spacing. The results indicated that the best sensitivity factor of bearing capacity was ratio of limb length to limb thickness, next were loading angle and long reinforce ratio; the best sensitivity factor of ductility was ratio of axial compression, next were stirrup diameter and stirrup spacing. These would afford references for the design of RC columns with Z-shaped cross-section.

Abstract: Majority of people in Pengotan Village, Bangli Regency, Bali, Indonesia, do not have healthy and decent housing and neighborhoods. In 2008, the Central Statistics Board (BPS) announced that there were 134,804 poor households in Bali, including those in Bangli regency. Pengotan village is one of the nine villages in Bangli regency with the highest number of poor households (956,517). One of indicators that determine the poor household status is the poor quality of traditional houses inhabited, such as untilled floor (exposed soil) and low quality bamboo wall. Thus it is necessary to redevelop those houses into habitable houses that meet the standard of safety, health and comfort. This standard was set by the government through the Building Act No. 28/2002. Some aspects of the house redevelopment are the physical aspects of the house, redesign of the system of structure with the addition of brick walls and bamboo reinforced concrete frame, also replacement of roof and floor. This study aims to improve the physical safety and thermal comfort of the building.

Abstract: Basket handle arch bridge with reinforced concrete shortens the distance between the arch rib compared with parallel arch rib bridge, improves the lateral stability, predecessors have done a lot of research on basket handle narrow arch bridge, but the study of wide span arch bridge is insufficient, conduct load test on a wide basket handle arch bridge which 33m wide and mainspan is 90m, the test results show that the large width-span ratio arch bridge has higher bearing capacity, but vertical bearing capacity is not improved, the dynamic coefficient increases when the speed is higher than 30km/h, the measured dynamic coefficient at jumpy driving is relatively large, the dynamic coefficient is significant when jumpy driving speed is 10~15km/h.

Abstract: As one of the key steps in the process of durability design and redesign, corrosion monitoring of reinforcement in concrete is of importance. To ensure the concrete durability of the quay structure, corrosion monitoring systems are utilized in Port Said East Container Terminal - Phase 2, Egypt. Embedded half-cell potential reference electrodes and anode ladder systems were used together. Early stage corrosion monitoring data in a precast slab is presented. Comparison of half-cell potential and anode ladder system data give some comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of the corrosion monitoring.

Abstract: A nanoceramic composite is proposed to coat steel rebar used in reinforced concrete with the purpose of protecting it from corroding. This is a new material in the civil engineering field. For this reason several tests have been performed over coated steel rebar with the nanoceramic composite in order to know its viability and its properties. A bending test showed that the coating is stiff, and therefore not flexible enough to bend it as a stirrup. For this reason if a bended rebar were needed, it should be bent before coating it. While the pull-out test concluded, there is no significant loss of bond strength due to the contact of the coating with the concrete. The chemical test indicated that the coating cannot bear strong alkali and acid environments, but resisted without problems under saline environments with neutral pH. Finally a cathodic disbondment test and a corrosion test were performed. These tests showed problems with the coating process because the behavior of during the execution of the test differed from the expected.

Abstract: The finite element software ANSYS/CivilFEM was applied to analyses the influence of steel bar restraint on creep and shrinkage of reinforced concrete. The analysis results are in good agreement with the experiment results. When the reinforcement ratio is low, the steel bar exerts less influence on creep and shrinkage, and the influence of steel bar can be neglected in engineering application. However, the reinforcement can effectively reduce creep and shrinkage development when the reinforcement ratio is high.

Abstract: According to the basic idea of the finite element method, using the finite element software ANSYS to establish the finite element model of the reinforcement FRP pipe concrete under axial compression, introducing the unit selection in the process of building model ,based on the principle of meshing boundary conditions and constitutive relations selected; The significant degree of the model verified by compare with the test results. Analyzed by finite element reinforcement ratio, concrete strength and other factors on the mechanical properties of concrete under axial compression reinforcement FRP pipe, the analysis of the results shows: The increase of reinforcement ratio to improve the point load of the specimens and improve the composite column ultimate bearing capacity, but the reinforcement ratio increase will reduce the binding effect of the FRP pipe; The whole component be improved the strength of concrete can improve the ultimate bearing capacity, but it reduces the mechanical properties of the specimens.