Papers by Keyword: Road

Abstract: The article analyzes the operation of cement concrete road and airfield structures. Factors influencing the formation and development of deformities. The materials and technologies that are used in the construction, reconstruction and repair of road and airfield pavements, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. The issues of increasing the durability of concrete have been studied.

Abstract: Roads play an important role in realizing the development and distribution of development results in certain areas. Pavement performance shows a decreased durability over time-related to how long the pavement construction can carry out its functions without experiencing fatal damage. This study aims to identify the effect of using steel slag as a substitute for filler with steel slag content of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% on concrete compressive and flexural strength values. This study used an experimental method by conducting experiments for testing the compressive and flexural strength of concrete specimens. The results showed that the use of steel slag as a substitute for filler obtained the average compressive strength value of MPa, 21.87 MPa, 22.17 MPa, and 28.47 MPa in concrete aged 28 days with steel slag content of 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% 25.07 respectively. The average flexural strength of concrete aged 28 days with steel slag content of 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% were 3.84 MPa, 2.83 MPa, 3.41 MPa, and 4.09 MPa respectively. The composition of 3% steel slag was the optimal composition as a filler replacement material. The pozzolanic properties of steel slag could increase the durability and density of the concrete specimen, but it required a long curing time and the increase in the initial strength of concrete slows down.

Abstract: The increase in the production and utilization of plastics has created a never-ending problem of plastic waste. Developing countries face challenges with plastic waste disposal that in due process negatively impacts the environmental ecosystem. That notwithstanding, it suffices to mention that most developing countries have poor road networks that pose a burden towards smooth economic and social development. The problem is further exacerbated by the limited availability of bitumen which is usually imported but also has environmental concerns. It is against this background that we proposed alternative binders from plastic waste which can help developing countries to manage plastic waste as well as build road networks, thereby leading to sustainable development. We explored the 80/100 penetration grade bitumen modification (Penetration grade 85 and Softening temperature 46°C) using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste (2 – 12%) and lignin (0.2%) as a crosslinking agent by weight for every PET waste – Bitumen sample. The research showed that Plastic waste and lignin improved the performance of bitumen. The modified bitumen with 10% waste PET and 0.2% lignin enhanced the softening point and penetration points to 55°C and 46, respectively; hence the incorporation of PET and lignin provided better properties compared to the neat bitumen.

Abstract: A modified Mohr – Coulomb criterion is presented. This criterion, in addition to adhesion and the angle of internal friction, contains the third parameter of the material (d). Depending on the value of this parameter (d), the modified criterion can take the form of the original Mohr – Coulomb criterion (with d = 0.5) or the original Treska criterion (with d = 0). For all other values of the parameter (d), varying in the range of 0 <d <0.5, the tangential stresses by the modified criterion are larger than the Mohr – Coulomb criterion, but less than the Tresca criterion. The paper presents the methodology and results of determining this parameter (d) using experiments on the triaxial compression of soils. The technique contains recommendations for the appointment the value of the axial strain of the sample material when determining the value of the parameter d. The value of the ultimate deformation is advisable to take in the range from 8 to 12%. This range is due to the fact that with axial deformation of the sample of 8%, the formation of slip areas begins in it, and with axial deformation of the sample 12%, the slip area is completely formed. In this case, the parameter d varies in the range 0 <d <0.5, having a shear strength bigger than in the Tresca criterion, but less than in the original Mohr – Coulomb criterion. The tangential stresses according to the modified criterion, on the contrary, have a bigger value than according to the Mohr – Coulomb criterion, but the values of the tangential stresses are lower than in the Tresca criterion.

Abstract: The analysis of the models for calculating residual deformations accumulated by granular materials under the influence of repeated loads is performed. Determined the hereditary nature of the accumulation of deformation of granular materials. This allowed the use of integral calculus for the analytical solution of the problem of the dependence of residual deformation on the number of repeated loads, the value of the main stresses. The solution is obtained in the form of logarithmic and power-law functions that associate the accumulated deformation with the deformation arising from the first load application with the number of applied loads. The deformation from the first load application is represented by the sum of the two components, instantaneous irreversible and viscoplastic. The viscoplastic component of the deformation is a consequence of stress relaxation in a relatively short period of time equal to the duration of the impact of the load. The analysis of experimental data on the triaxial compression of various granular materials is carried out and the parameters obtained for the power and logarithmic functions are determined. The materials studied include: granite, gneissic, granodiorite and diorite crushed stone, sand and gravel and crushed stone and gravel mixtures with a mineral part from various rocks, fortified sands. The possibility of application of the obtained solutions for the calculation displacement of the surface of the pavement layers of granular materials is shown. The tasks of further research are formulated.

Abstract: A new type of recycled aggregate concrete curb is designed based on the strength comparison between the recycled concrete mixed with crushed brick masonry at an appropriate ratio with the ordinary concrete through a compression strength test. The result shows the compressive strength of this recycled concrete curb is not as good as that of ordinary concrete curb, so reinforcement measures have to be taken. The construction technique of the new designed recycled concrete curb is simple, environment-friendly and permeability, it is recommended for urban and rural roads subject to rainy weather.

Abstract: Roads and Bridges (R-B) form the basis for transformation and communication, and constitute the most critical part in the national economic development drive. The population dispersion in Benin, with high density living in metropolitans, calls for continuing development and improvement on R-B under the current national government policies and strategic plans. As R-B infrastructure objects are complex engineering facilities, and their construction and maintenance require much special scientific knowledge, the sustainability development objective becomes a crucial issue. This paper discusses the initial findings results of a two-round interviews with a group of practitioners in Beninese R-B development, which were aimed at identifying existing perceptions on sustainability and the agreeable priority issues between stakeholders focusing on the development of R-B. By extensive literature study and consultation with the stakeholders, influencing factors and key sustainability challenges specific to R-B development has been identified and classified into five categories namely engineering, managerial, human development, political and cultural, and sustainability. Based on these findings, this study introduces an on-going research project aimed at integrating the different perceptions and priority needs of the stakeholders, and issues that impact on the gap between sustainability development foci and its actual realization at R-B project construction. The exploration is of benefit to develop an innovative conceptual model to overcome the main factors. Through adopting and implementing the strategies and action plan of the conceptual model, the study presents a practical and innovative solution to improve Beninese capacity towards overcoming the problems. Finally, the study summaries the research conclusions and recommendations necessary to facilitate the development of the present R-B tempo in Benin.

Abstract: The study has been carried out to investigate the implementation of road preservation in the Indonesian National Road. The root of the problems of causes road deterioration are revealed, they consist of four aspects: planning and programming, implementation, maintenance, and operation of the road. The strength, weakness, opportunity and threat analysis were adopted to find the problem solution to overcome the challenges of road preservation in the Indonesian National Road. Some action programs to support the implementation of road preservation are suggested based on the results of strength, weakness, opportunity and threat analysis. In short term action, the government legislation, the technical guidance, the standard guideline and manual need to be provided shortly. Meanwhile, for medium term action, the “performance based contract” must be conducted effectively.

Abstract: Using waste building materials in pavements is one of the goals of transportation sustainable development in the Czech Republic. As part of research projects of the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic, a project was devised, which focused on maximal utilization of waste building materials when constructing pavements. After the initial verification of properties of the recycled aggregate (especially concrete waste building material), the research focus shifted towards the utilization of these waste building materials in cement bound granular mixtures.

Abstract: Researches are always thinking of a way to produce power to fuel due to the needs of the world today. In broad, green energy source such as thermal, hydroelectric, solar and wind turbine has become popular, but it does not limit to new idea generation of power. One of new discovery is the use of solar window, the manufacturing and cost of the panel is still in an early stage where the price of the panel is considered quite expensive. In this paper, the speed bump is used as a main component for power generation. Generally, for safety issues, the speed bump is put into an area where the vehicle needs to slow down. During this, a vehicle weight contact with the speed bump and therefore energy is created. This energy can be reused to power traffic light, light post or supply general electricity to a particular building. Basically, the concept of kinetic energy is discussed in general besides the design and development of a power generating speed bump. However, the efficiency and the durability are looked into consideration. In conclusion, the innovative design of the speed bump as a power generation seems to be promising, and it offers opportunities for new innovation power producing device on the road.