Papers by Keyword: Road Accident

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the atmospheric dispersion of dense gases, such as ammonia (NH₃), resulting from hypothetical leaks in a truck's cistern during road transport. By employing mathematical models, it was possible to estimate the distance that the gas cloud, formed after an accidental leak, would travel in the atmosphere until it was sufficiently diluted to no longer pose a toxicity risk. The analysis was conducted using the ALOHA software in conjunction with Google Earth to visualize the different scenarios. The results showed that during the nighttime period, scenario 6 exhibited the longest plume reach, with a distance of 484 meters in the red zone. During the daytime period, scenario 4 had the longest reach, with a plume extending 139 meters in the red zone.

Abstract: A large number of fatalities on road are occurred by vehicle accident. One of most significant causes of accident on road is increasing car ownership in last decade. The study is conducted to determine a relationship between car ownership and accident rate. The most effective parameters on increasing accident rate in developed countries are studied. This paper investigates a model that forecast the rate of accident on based on previous collected car ownership data. Meanwhile, those parameters can change the rate of car ownership such as income, distance between residential area and work zone, the number of employee over family size and registered car over employee are studied. The study is conducted on based on Australia data and Robust- regression techniques are used to analyse the data. The result shows robust regression reached the most effective coefficient to reduce fatalities on road.

Abstract: This paper presents the quantification of Field of View of external Rear View Mirror in automobiles. The decision based on available Field of View and the blind zone for lane changing is one of the major factors in road accident. This study presents a preliminary study of quantifying field of view of rear view mirror in automotive vehicles. A simple method of estimating the Field of View is shown and also a passive method of increasing the Field of View is discussed. The proposed method helps the designers and road users to choose the mirror of right size to provide extra field of view beyond the regulatory requirements.

Abstract: Road safety system has been a concern topic for many scholars worldwide. Although there are many analysis papers on road traffic accident prevention, security, emergency rescue, safety evaluation and other aspects, there is no a thorough and complete opinion on road safety system. The study of these issues can cause a traffic accident prevention, to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, summing up the spread of some of the impact of traffic on the control of the effective ways to combat the public security organs to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents guidance.

Abstract: In the recent years the road accident analysis has been one of the main fields of research for automotive engineering, because of the heavy costs which Europe has to sustain each year in terms of injuries, fatalities and related costs. In this paper, starting from an impulsive model available in literature, a numerical characterization of vehicle collisions and deformation process is proposed and validated, identifying the main parameters which describe the vehicle impact behaviour. The study, conducted by using both empirical and numerical data (simulated trough Ls- Dyna), analyses the impact process by considering several situations, with different severity and geometry of impact; furthermore, with reference to the main parameters which describe the vehicle behaviour in the impact, the authors present a wide analysis, classified according to the severity of impact and to the different parts of the vehicle structure which absorb the impact energy.