Papers by Keyword: Sequential Analysis

Abstract: To analyze the diversity of expression quantity and lay foundation for real time fluorescent quantitation PCR, spleen samples of mouse were collected and mRNA were abstracted, furthermore, the mRNA were reverse transcribed into cDNA by using kit. Six cytokine genes IL-6, IL-12a, IL-12b, IFN-γ, TNF-αand iNOS were cloned and sequenced. The results demonstrated that the homogeneities of the sequences between amplified genes and cytokine genes in genebank all reached above 99%.

Abstract: Human part in the socio-technical system in which they operate in order to achieve the object of work is essential. This system, because of the technological progress is characterized by a high level of technicality, continuing growth in complexity and danger. In this context, the human operator is required to make a substantial effort, which includes besides standard procedure and operations also emergency resolution calling for the ability to make judgments and assumptions based on the knowledge one holds.The main cause of the growing number of accidents has been attributed specifically to "human error". It is generally considered the fact that human factors contribute to accidents. But there are different opinions on the importance of this factor. Suggestions regarding the proportion of marine accidents caused by human errors vary from 50 to 90% of the total number of accidents. Some research considered that 60% of the total number is due to human error as a direct cause and the remaining of 30% human error is from indirect contributory cause. Effects of active cause are usually noticed almost immediately, while consequences of indirect cause may remain invisible in the system for a long time, until in combination with other factors compromise the system and lead to an accident.Different methodologies are developed, adopted from the investigations on risk analysis to performe the models that will determine the human errors in sequential analysis of maritime accidents.According to IMO resolution, human factors which contribute to marine casualties and incidents may be broadly defined as the acts or omissions, intentional or otherwise, which adversely affect the proper functioning of a particular system, or the successful performance of a particular task. Understanding human factors thus requires a study and analysis of the design of the equipment, the interaction of the human operator with the equipment, and the procedures followed by crew and management.Since human factors are triggered by human errors, which are the main source of risk in maritime activities, it seems important to develop different methodologies that allow a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the real incidence of several human factors over maritime accidents with the aim of taking human factors into account in properly developed risk management plans.

Abstract: The deformation behavior of Polypropylene (PP) film during successive biaxial stretching process which consists of machine direction (MD) stretching process with a roll drawing and transverse direction (TD) stretching with a tentering was analyzed sequentially by using a finite element method (FEM). In order to analyze it, stress-strain curves of casted PP film and uni-axially oriented PP film in MD were measured and fitted into the constitutive equation that the authors developed previously, respectively, and then, material constants for both films were obtained. Deformation behavior during successive biaxial stretching were calculated by applying the constitutive equation with the material constants of casted PP film for MD stretching and uni-axially oriented PP film in MD for TD stretching, respectively. Analytical conditions were the draw ratio of 5 for MD analysis and the stretching ratio of 9.5 for TD analysis. The authors also experimentally measured the thickness of film during and after MD and TD stretching using a pilot plant under the same conditions as analytical condition. Calculated results were able to express qualitatively the experimental deformation behavior of PP film such as the neck-in phenomena during MD stretching and the change of film thickness during MD and TD stretching.

Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to present a theoretical and numerical analysis of frictional contact problems for large deformation elasto-plastic based on the finite element method (FEM) and the mathematical programming. The study is done on an elasto-plastic material obeying to the von Mises criterion. The Coulomb’s friction contact is used to implement the frictional boundary conditions and is formulated by the bipotential concept leading us to minimize only one variational principle of minimum in displacement. In order to follow up the sequences of large deformations, we have used the sequential analysis procedure; it consists in the updating of material properties and geometrical configuration after each sequence.