Papers by Keyword: Sodium Alginate

Abstract: Brown seaweed (Sargassum sp.) is one of the most abundant biomass wastes widely available along the Philippine coast and has potential for alginate production. This alginate is a natural polysaccharide, having potential properties in adsorbing contaminants, such as heavy trace metals, through to its properties. In this study, pure sodium alginate (Na-ALG) was extracted and characterized from Sargassum sp. via modified Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE), an inexpensive and efficient method for extraction. The Cu (II) ion adsorption capability of the extracted Na-ALG in an aqueous solution was also investigated to address the increasing levels of harmful metals (i.e. Cu) on the coast of Batangas, Philippines. The novel extraction process yielded 44.0±10.8% Na-ALG, with desirable physicochemical properties. Also, Na-ALG’s surface morphology, functionalities, and crystallinity index attested to its capability to adsorb contaminants, such as heavy metals, which is through the presence of pores, functional groups of COO-, and semi-crystalline structures, resulting in adsorption-surface complexation, ionic exchange, and electrostatic interactions. Moreover, the adsorption parameters of Cu (II) concentration, Na-ALG dosage, contact time, and pH were investigated and optimized using the Response Surface Methodology Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD). The optimized adsorption process resulted in a metal concentration of 30 mg/L, alginate dosage of 2.5 g, contact time of 120 min, and pH of 3, exhibiting good adsorption efficiency of 35.96%. Thus, the results proved the adsorption efficiency based on each parameter, and the relationship of the Na-ALG properties to its Cu (II) ion adsorption capability in an aqueous medium. Conclusively, this study showed that Na-ALG extracted from Sargassum sp. via MAE can efficiently adsorb Cu (II) ions in aqueous solutions.

Abstract: Hydrogels based on chitosan derivatives, sodium alginate with acrylamide and acrylic acid were obtained by free radical solution copolymerization method in the presence of ammonium persulfate as initiator and urotropin and N,N methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinking agents. The formation of hydrogels was proved by extraction and IR spectroscopy. It is shown that hydrogels are able to fix the temporary form in iron (III) chloride solutions and reclaim it in solutions of ascorbic acid in less than 2 hours. Hydrogels based on sodium alginate have the best physical-mechanical characteristics compared with chitosan-based - the strength reaches 0.7 MPa and 0.11 MPa, the elasticity modulus is 1.02 MPa and 0.17 MPa at 65% deformation, correspondingly.

Abstract: The current study involves synthesis of a composite films of sodium alginate (Alg), polyvinylalcohol and NanoGraphene oxide (GO) for tissue engineering applications. Solvent casting was used to make the polymeric composite films (Alg-Pva-Go), which may exhibit a synergic activity of the components for tissue repair. The influence of various GO concentrations on the films properties was also investigated. The scaffold has outstanding physicochemical and biological properties. The composite film's high swelling degree and contact angle reveals its high hydrophilicity, making it appropriate for tissue engineering. The antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus were studied. Furthermore, the antimicrobial test showed that the films composite was resistant to S. aureus. Seeding (AD-MSC) cells into the composite films exhibited an increase in cell adhesion and proliferation when compared to the Alginate and Polyvinylalcohol film in vitro experiments, indicating that the GO has a good influence on the films characteristics, which can utilization in tissue engineering applications.

Abstract: There has been a surge in applying alginate microcapsules in diverse fields due to the numerous advantages of their non-toxicity, simple synthesis, and mechanical and chemical stability. Electrospraying is a simple and excellent technique for producing small microcapsules. This study aimed to analyse the trends in the operational parameters of the electrospraying technique, observed extreme conditions of the electrospraying, and selected the best performing parameters for producing small and spherical microcapsules. Alginate concentration was found to produce smaller microcapsules when kept at a minimum. However, the Implosion of microcapsules formed with less than 2%w/v alginate concentration was observed. Voltage increment produced smaller capsules, and fibre formation began at 21kV. Lower feed rates favoured both smaller microcapsules and better sphericity. Reduction in the needle orifice also favoured the formation of smaller microcapsules with less sphericity. Overall, a needle gauge of 27G, a voltage of 21kV, a flowrate of 0.5ml/h, and 2% w/v calcium chloride concentration were the best parameter combinations for producing small and spherical microcapsules.

Abstract: Nanotechnology is receiving an intense attention these days due to its potential application in various fields including cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical. Nanoparticles encapsulating natural extract are usually characterised for their particle size and polydispersity index but zeta potential is hardly discussed. The zeta potential is the measurement that shows the aggregation behaviour, reactivity and toxicology. In this study, nanoparticle encapsulating Cymbopogon sp. have been formulated to develop a cosmeceutical product. The antioxidant properties from aqueous extract of Cymbopogon sp. was encapsulated with chitosan/alginate biopolymeric nanoparticles. Central Composite Design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate and optimise the effects of independent variables such as pH of SA, concentration of non-ionic surfactant concentration of CaCl₂ and pH of chitosan on zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency (EE). Following the model, the optimum condition for zeta potential was selected as 6.2 of sodium alginate pH, 0.12% of non-ionic surfactant concentration, 0.05 concentration of CaCl₂ and 5.6 of chitosan pH with negative zeta potential of 18.3mV. The zeta potential obtained experimentally was close to its predicted value which is-18.09mV. The model provides a basis on the optimisation of the zeta potential on chitosan/alginate nanoparticle encapsulating Cymbopogon sp. extracts.

Abstract: This research study focused on the fabrication and characterization of sodium alginate incorporated with iron (III) oxide in the form of beads and biofilm for biomedical application. The fabrication of the samples was carried out by using solution casting method and syringe pump extrusion technique. Beads and biofilm of sodium alginate incorporated with iron oxide were characterized by several characterization testing such as XRD, FTIR and contact angle measurement. From the XRD testing shows the diffraction peak that confirmed the cubic structure of Maghemite. Then, FTIR analysis shows the presence of several intermolecular and intramolecular bond stretching of sodium alginate. Lastly, contact angle measurement exhibits that alginate incorporated with iron oxide has hydrophilic behavior due to the contact angle less than 90Also, it was found that as the contact angle reduced as the weight of iron oxide increased.

Abstract: This study reports the effect of plasticizers namely isopropanol, polyethylene glycol, maltitol and spermidine on the properties of the sodium alginate composite membrane. The concentration of each potential plasticizer was set at minimum to execute performance. Properties of sodium alginate were studied through characterization studies - Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) to observe on the morphology structure. The membrane performance is also seen through water uptake and swelling ratio tests. Isopropanol produced better plasticizer with the lowest water uptake of 575.53% and less hydrophilic compared to spermidine (1268.46%), polyethylene glycol (1014.30%) and maltitol (595.82%). Further study may require copolymerization to support polyol for ensuring structure firmness. This study proven the plasticizers could enhance membrane’s flexibility in DMFC and becoming a promising choice of additives for better alginate-based membrane establishment.

Abstract: The present paper indicates promising potential of Sodium Alginate) Alg)/Graphene oxide (Go) films in fields bone tissue engineering (TE). The Sodium Alginate (Alg)/Graphene oxide (Go) films, were fabricated via (solvent casting method). The interaction of Sodium Alginate (Alg) with Graphene oxide (Go) via hydrogen bonding was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The swelling degree of Sodium Alginate (Alg)/Graphene oxid (Go) films was also studied. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of Sodium Alginate (Alg)/Graphene oxide (Go) films disclosed its non-cytotoxic effect on the cell lines (MG-63) in-vitro test, the viability of cell lines on the films, and hence its appropriateness as potent biomaterial for tissue engineering.

Abstract: In this work, for the first time, salts of bivalent and trivalent metals were used as crosslinking agents for nanofiltration membranes based on sodium alginate. The developed membranes were investigated for chemical stability in protic and aprotic solvents, the dependence of the permeability of these solvents on their sorption into the membrane material was obtained. The separating properties of membranes based on sodium alginate crosslinked with metal cations were investigated. The retention coefficient of the model substance with a molecular weight of 626 g/mol, dissolved in ethanol, was 97%.

Abstract: Sodium alginate is a natural polymer used for many biomedical applications. The excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility of sodium alginate have provided ample space for future development in wound healing applications. In this study, bio-composite film was prepared by solvent casting technique by blending sodium alginate (SA) solution and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) followed by crosslinking with calcium chloride. The bio-composite film was characterized with different characterization technique such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). AFM analysis provides information about surface roughness. The microstructure of bio-composite film was determined by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The wettability of surface material is measure by contact angle. The result demonstrate that the bio-composite film shows high value of surface roughness and contact angle to enhanced blood clotting for wound healing applications