Papers by Keyword: Solubility

Abstract: Synthesised PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads had been considered as a promising alternative to conventional means of heavy metal removal. The PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads were successfully synthesised through a simple dropwise method and different ratio of cross-linking agent, glutaraldehyde (GLA) of 0, 0.25M and 0.5M were used to cross-link the PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads. Solubility and swelling behavior of the beads were also investigated within the prescribed time of 24h in three different medium of acidic, distilled water and alkaline solution. Result of solubility test showed that PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads without GLA dissolves in acidic medium but insoluble in distilled water and alkaline solution. Meanwhile, the PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads cross-linked with GLA did not dissolve in all three mediums. The swelling test revealed that PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads without cross-linked with GLA showed the highest of swelling in acidic solution which was 225.2% and PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads cross-linked with 0.5M GLA recorded the lowest of swelling in acidic solution which was 98.6%. This concluded that as the cross-linking ratio increased, the swelling behaviour of the PVA/CS/SiO₂ beads decreased.

Abstract: The solubility of Na₂SO₄ mixed with K₂SO₄ and K₃PO₄ were investigated by a continuous kettle-reactor system at temperature within the range of 320°C to 420°C, 24MPa. The solubility of Na₂SO₄ showed a drastic reduce at a temperature of about 360°C. Ionic chromatography was used to determine the concentration of Na₂SO₄ in effluent. Among 355°C to 380°C, the presence of K₂SO₄ reduced the solubility of Na₂SO₄, due to common-ion effect. The addition of K₃PO₄ could inhibit the salts deposition in the supercritical water system, effectively. The variation degree is more remarkable as the addition of K₂SO₄ and K₃PO₄ increased.

Abstract: An experimental investigation on the solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy was conducted in a resistance furnace. The solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy was determined by investigating the influence of different conditions such as the ratio of Cu-Sn alloy and temperature. The solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy changes with the proportion of Cu and Sn, and it increases with the increasing of Cu content. The experimental temperature has a significant effect on the solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy. The maximum solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy is 6.2 mass % at 900 °C with the mass ratio of Cu : Sn = 8:2.

Abstract: The Dissolution of Synthetic Pyromorphite was Studied at 25°C in a Series of Batch Experiments. in Addition, the Aqueous Concentrations from the Batch Dissolution were Used to Calculate the Solubility Product and Free Energy of Formation of Pyromorphite. the Results of the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analyses Indicated that the Synthetic, Microcrystalline Pyromorphite with Apatite Structure Used in the Experiments has Not Changed after Dissolution. the Mean K_sp Value was Calculated for Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl of 10^-78.31 at 25°C; the Free Energy of Formation ΔG_f⁰[Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl] was-3756.82kJ/mol.

Abstract: The amorphous state of poly (Narylenebenzimidazole ketone)(PNABIK) were determined using the Amorphous Cell Module of the Materials Studio program. The solubility improvement of PNABIK compared with traditional ploybenzimidazole (PBI) was also simulated by cohesive energy density (CED) calculating. PNABIK was synthesized by N-C coupling reaction to validate the rationality of simulation results and all the simulation results were consistent with the experimental tests.

Abstract: Two bis (benzimidazoyl) monomers were synthesized, and Poly (N-arylenebenzimidazole ketone) s were prepared by N-C coupling reaction that replaced the NH sites from the bis (benzimidazolyl) derivatives with activated difluorides monomers in sulfolane at 210 °C. All the resulting polymers showed easy solubility compared with traditional polybenzimidazoles. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric measurements showed that the polymers had high glass transition temperatures (>240 °C), good thermostability and high decomposition temperatures (>460 °C).

Abstract: Due to increase refined lead production and slow industrialization of lead-free solders, hazard of lead to human and environment still existed. Based on pollutions of lead depending on the volatility and the solubility of lead, the new ways to prevent and reduce the pollution of lead were put forward. The lead content in lead-solders could be reduced appropriately and the dense surface film could be formed by micro-alloying in the view of material for reducing the pollution. Low soldering temperature and the optimal soldering process or equipment could also be taken to reduce the pollution of lead.

Abstract: The paper is dedicated to nickel nanoparticles dissolution in simulated body fluids. By the example of industrial electroexplosive nickel nanopowder it has been demonstrated that dissolution degree in simulated lung fluid and simulated saliva can reach 98.0 and 62.8 wt.% for 24 hours, respectively. The mechanism of nickel dissolution has been proposed. It includes the dissolution of energy saturated oxide film, formed in oxygen saturated simulated saliva, the formation of nickel hydroxycitrate in simulated lung fluid as well.

Abstract: The effect of the sintering temperature, quartz and sodium phosphate content on the core strength,shrinking percentage and solubility of alumina matrix ceramic cores was investigated．The results show that：the more the quartz is, the higher of the bending, tensile strength at room temperature of core are;It has the extreme point when quartz is 10wt%, then decreases slightly.The shrinkage rate and the room temperature strength of core increases with the rising of sintering temperature,but decreases with the increasing of content of sodium phosphate. Furthermore, the effect of the sintering temperature,quartz powder and sodium phosphate content on solubility of core was discussed.

Abstract: Within range of temperature from 15°C to 45°C,the solubility of 2,4-D acid in binary solvent formed from different ratio of ethanol and water are measured using equilibrium method.The results of experiment indicate that the solubilities of 2,4-D increase with the incresing temperature and the ratio of ethanol in mixed solvent.The solubility data are correlated with polynomial equation and semi-empirical equation.It shows the correlation with polynomial equation is better than with semi-empirical equation.