Papers by Keyword: Steel Production

Abstract: Cladding of steel is mainly carried out by hot rolling. This process is very labor-intensive and, therefore, expensive. Cold plating has been used successfully to produce bimetals and could also be an alternative manufacturing process for cladded carbon steel composites. So far, however, only thin narrow IF-steels sheets were successfully cold plated. Different pretreatments and process windows have been used to successfully produce a cold roll-cladded composite of various steel grades on a cold rolling test facility. While joining two similar steels was relatively easy, the combination of different steel alloy compositions was more difficult. Higher necessary forces and edge cracks complicated the experiments. A slight warming of the sheets before joining had a positive effect on the production of the composite. From today's perspective, the required high rolling forces do not allow scaling up to large-scale production.

Abstract: In this study, the CML model for resource depletion was updated based on the current status of the mineral resources and the characteristics of relevant statistics in China; and the characterization factors of resource depletion were determined for the majority of natural minerals which are most used in materials industry. Besides, case studies on iron and steel production (BF-BOF and EAF process) were carried out to demonstrate the valid of the modified and localized resource depletion model. The results show that in terms of category, the development of Chinese steel industry is mainly based on the depletion of the natural iron ore and fluorite. The results also show that for BF-BOF process, abiotic resource depletion potential (ADP) in 2012 is 5.26 times of that in 2004; and for the EAF process, ADP in 2012 is 23.6 times of that in 2004. Therefore, the information of ADP needs to be updated at intervals of time.

Abstract: A lot of energy resources such as coal, electricity and oils, are consumed during the steel production, and simultaneously a variety of waste heat and energy is produced. If most of the waste heat and energy can be recovered by the self-supply power plant and other generating devices, then the electricity consumed by the factory can be supplied by itself, which can be called the “autarky mode of electricity”. The autarky mode of electricity can improve the recovery of the waste heat and energy, and thus reduce the energy consumption of an iron & steel factory. Based on the BF-BOF steelmaking routes, the energy-flow models for the electricity generating with waste heat and energy are constructed. The autarky modes of electricity of the factories with different production scales are put forward, and the contribution of the mode to energy saving and economic benefits is analyzed.

Abstract: Material cost decrease is an important issue for industrial factories. Operations Research is considered as a proper means for this purpose. A steel production company as a case study is presented in this paper. The combination of raw material is important in steel production. In the company raw materials are mixed experimentally without attention to cost minimization. After considering the process of steel production, a mix model is determined as a proper model for lowering the cost of production in the company. At first, we study the mix problem. Then, we deal with the quantities of the model parameters as well as a mathematical modeling based on the proper constraints. Finally, the solution to the mathematical model is created by a software .The model solution shows that the proposed optimal solution leads to cost minimization significantly.

Abstract: In accordance with the main flow characteristics of steel and iron production process, some problems are analyzed coming from the making, performance and feedback of the production planning of iron and steel business enterprises in this paper. By using operation research theories and genetic algorithms, one advanced planning model of iron and steel productions suitable of various circumstance and environments is established to set up on the factor of the segment and environment variety. Penalty function is adopted in the course of getting solution. These parameters of scale of father population, crossover probability, mutation probability and penalty factor are combined and optimized. At the same time, to improve these algorithms and the solution process actually, some optimized models and projects were put forward from some plans on the basis of collecting information. It accords with the actual conditions of this enterprise basically that the optimization solution to production plans of real iron and steel enterprise by using the algorithm.