Papers by Keyword: Superoxide

Abstract: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an Mn-containing enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide (O₂^•−) into O₂ and H₂O₂. To develop a small, non-protein Mn-containing SOD mimic, an [Mn(salen)Cl] complex was synthesized from MnCl₂.4H₂O and H₂salen. The product yielded 75-90% reddish dark brown crystals indicative of the presence of manganese(III) metal ions. An elemental analysis showed that the compound contained: C = 48.36%; H = 4.34%; and N = 7.13%. Infrared spectra of this compound showed peaks at: υ(OH)=3426 (medium), υ(C=N)=1634 (very high), υ(CO)=1292 (high). An ESI-MS analysis (m/z) showed the presence of ionic species from the complex including (salen)(H⁺) = 269.0 and [Mn(salen)]⁺ = 320.9. Conductivity measurements revealed that the compound is neutral with a molar conductivity of 0.17 mS. Its magnetic moment of 5.2 BM was obtained from a magnetic susceptibility balance measurement, showing that the compound is paramagnetic. The SOD activity of this compound was given by IC₅₀ = 2.5 ± 0.3 µM in a non-enzymatic riboflavin photoreduction in vitro test.

Abstract: Both biochemical cell functional test and animal implantation test were done to investigate the reaction to fine particles. Particles cause nonspecifically phagocytosis to cells and inflammation to tissue for the size below 10m. With the size below 50nm particles may invade into the internal body through the respiratory or digestive system and diffuse inside body. Ti mapping by XSAM after the compulsory exposure test to the respiratory system showed the internal diffusion of 30nm TiO2 particles. They diffused with time course to lung, liver and spleen after injection from caudal vein. Nanoparticles might be the objects whose existence has not been assumed by the biophylactic system.