Papers by Keyword: Surface Design

Abstract: Between Brazil and Portugal, bobbin lace is a practice that constitutes a cultural value without borders. But there is a serious risk of discontinuity of this tradition, due to the low demand for these lace associated with the decrease in the number of lacemakers, the lack of adaptation of contemporary computerized techniques, and to lack of interest of the younger generations. In the process of creating and making bobbin lace, it is possible to identify a particular problem that design can collaborate with. As a crucial component, the importance of the “piques” design for the process of making original laces is highlighted. There are few lacemakers who are specialized in the task of creating new “pique”. This research proposes the creation of a software that facilitates the recording of memory and the creation of new designs for bobbin lace. A bibliographical research was carried out in order to analyze possible existing similar solutions. For the proposition of the new software based on the resolution of a real problem and on the user's needs, it was decided to approach the interaction design methodologies

Abstract: Biomimetic composites of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and collagen with fast bio-absorption and good biocompatibility were designed utilizing salmon bone and skin at 283-293 K and pH 7.5-7.9 by a dissolution-precipitation method. Simultaneously, dissolved-precipitated HAp (dp-HA) was prepared at pH 9-10 using the calcined bone. The HAp/collagen composites (HA-C) were constituted by Ca²⁺-deficient HAp, I type-collagen and gelatin. At the synthetic temperature of 283 K, collagen fiber and HAp microcrystals were seen, while at 293 K, frock like-agglomerated particles or fiber like-oriented columnar ones were observed depending on the composition ratio (H/C) of HAp to collagen. Specific surface areas and total pore volumes for the HA-C synthesized at 293 K clearly increased with increasing the H/C, although there were micro-and-meso-pores in the pore diameters of 3-30 nm. Concerning water vapor-adsorption isotherms at 298 K for the HA-C powders, hysteresis-curves of the amounts of water vapor adsorbed (V) were recognized in the adsorption-desorption processes. The V values increased with increasing the H/C under the low relative pressures (P/P_S) of 0-0.3 that mean monolayer-adsorption of water molecule. However, for H/C=2.2, the V values were the highest under the high P/P_S of 0.70-0.90 that mean multilayer-adsorption and the biggest hysteresis-curve was found under the P/P_S of 0.45-0.60, suggesting that the HA-C (H/C=2.2) powder not only adsorb water molecule on the surfaces but also absorb one into the crystal structure. Accordingly, the biomimetic HA-C powders will be applied as water-absorbable adsorption materials for cosmetic products or bone-regeneration therapy.

Abstract: This paper presents a method of ergonomic design based on subjective rating for the purpose of modeling cushion surface mapped by body pressure distribution (BPD) test data. A sitting comfort evaluation scale was designed to collect subjective comfort perception. Optimal BPD test data were selected by comparing comfort rating after experiments on a trial seat. A data mapping model was established between point clouds in three dimensional coordinate and BPD test data, which can be recognized and transferred in CAD system. In this context, an ergonomic-aided system was developed in practical application to demonstrate the viability of the method. Two designers tried out the system to design a seat cushion, and compared it with conventional method in Rhino software. Results show that the system is more interactive to designers, which can save time of surface modeling by about 50%.