Papers by Keyword: Surgery

Abstract: Open wounds treatment is very often a challenge for both the physician and patient. They require long term complex treatment with surgical debridement, dressing changing, additional therapies including expensive medication, with a high risk of failure. The most difficult to treat are the diabetic wounds and those that are associated with advanced arterial disease. In these special cases, the peripheral vascularization is severely impaired and the complications are imminent. Sixteen patients were selected from those appearing to our hospital departments of orthopedic and plastic surgery. Inclusion criteria included patients with a recurrent mixed fibrotic and granular wound base following trauma or diabetes, in which NPWT was indicated, without exclusion criteria. Patients enrolled were treated with regularly scheduled NPWT dressing change and using of a collagen scaffold. Patients were followed until healing, with visual representations of wound progression and time to full healing recorded. Both applications of these therapies appeared to accelerate the wound healing by clearing degenerative fibrous tissue and expediting wound granulation without additional complication. Some of the patients were healed partially and plastic surgery techniques were applied. Use of collagen scaffolds in conjunction with negative pressure wound therapy in the care of complex wounds is a reliable and effective method combining both the new granular tissue formation capacity of the scaffold to hold osteoblasts. In our experience, we have noticed that the patients benefit greatly when collagen scaffolds is combined with NPWT. It is our belief that this combination therapy combines the molecular clearing of non-viable collagen with the wound granulation necessary to advance complex wounds in healing.

Abstract: Evolution of hernia surgery has led to polymeric biomaterials for replacement or reinforcement of the abdominal wall. Their selection, according to the structure and porosity of the material, is directly dependent on the surgical procedure used and interaction between material and abdominal viscera. The objective of the paper is to establish a protocol for the selection of hernia mesh fixation materials based on polymer structure related to the surgical procedure used. The biomaterials that promote infection should be avoided and those that do not provide a long-term mesh placement should be used in combination with other devices to compensate for this fault. In conclusion, is much better to adapt the fixation biomaterials used in clinical practice to the specific surgical procedure, given the physical and chemical characteristics of these polymers, in order to reduce the morbidity associated with this type of surgery.

Abstract: Broad introduction and development of polymeric materials in abdominal hernia surgery led to the emergence and identification of secondary complications due to interaction between prosthetic material and human tissue. Whether identification of these reactions has led to the placement instructions of the prostheses into the wall structures of adbomen, there is no clear rule on fixation materials of these prosthesis; they generally follow the recommendations of the prosthesis materials.There are some situations in which the faulty choice of fixing materials can compromise such surgery, followed by chronic septic complications and negative effect on quality of life of these patients and increased risk of recurrence.The choice of fixing materials considering the structural characteristics of polymeric threads can prevent chronic suppuration secondary to this type of surgery.

Abstract: This paper presents some aspects from last 10 years of experience, when we used the hyaluronic acid produced and traded by a certain company, to obtain aesthetic good results in the treatment of the facial wrinkles, nazolabial folds, augmentation of the lips, face rejuvenation and hydration, correction of soft tissues deficiencies after major surgical operations.

Abstract: This paper discusses the surface profile method based on image registration, and illustrates the principle and key points of registration algorithm based on surface profile. Canny operator is adopted to extract the surface contour and method based on quaternion and the singular value decomposition is used for space registration of the corresponding points, as well as the closest iterative search (ICP). In order to improve the registration speed, we adopt multiple step iteration method, which has been proved to be a reliable method according to the experiment.

Abstract: The article presents a prototype of a robot control system for stereotactic brain surgery. The development of neuroimaging, as well as the implementation of modern devices for neurosurgery, has undoubtedly contributed to significant progress in this field of medicine. Reaching a pathology located deep inside does not pose significant difficulty from the technical point of view; it is the selection of the access route that is the problem - to prevent the occurrence of permanent neurological deficits, such as severe paresis, vision disorders, speech or consciousness disorders. Obviously, knowledge of brain anatomy allows for adopting appropriate surgical tactics; however, some patients with a high-risk access route are not qualified for surgery. Even the hand of the most skilled operator does not guarantee precise removal of the tumour whilst bypassing important neural pathways, hence the necessity of introducing robots, which increase the level of surgical precision. A neural surgeon is able to perform very complicated surgical actions; however, human psychophysical limitations in neurosurgical procedures are becoming increasingly important, as surgeons are more and more frequently willing to perform operations with accuracy higher than 1 mm, but this is virtually impossible without any enhancement. Apart from the natural limitations of precision of the human hand, the surgeon's mental and physical condition deteriorates during a several-hour-long surgical procedure, thus lowering the surgeon's fitness and precision of movement. High concentration and a frequently unnatural position during the surgery cause additional tiredness. Therefore, numerous research centres and commercial companies are working on surgical robots. It seems that neurosurgery is particularly inclined for the introduction of robots enhancing the precision of a surgeon's work.

Abstract: The electrical non-fiberoptic endoscope (ENFE) is primarily designed with no optical fiber. The illumination of a ENFE is important due to it affects the image quality of endoscope and the results of surgery. A investigations of the illumination of a ENFE are proposed in this paper. The illumination of ENFE is important due to it affects the image quality of endoscope and the results of surgery. The illuminations of orange-red inside were higher than the black inside. The illumination of rigid rod lens is 500 lux at 5 cm. The illuminations of ENFEs were decrease to 200 lux rapidly at 3 cm in case 4 although the illumination was over 1500 lux at first.

Abstract: Objective To assess risk factors of acute kidney injury in congenital cardiac disease following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in children. Methods A 50% postoperative creatinine increase was regarded as the criterion of acute kidney injury. 124 children aged 3 years or little undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into three groups: (1) negative AKI (-); (2) AKI (+) with an increase in postoperative creatinine from 150% to 200%; and (3) AKI (++) with an increase in postoperative creatinine by more than 200%. Demographics, and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were evaluated for associations with AKI using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Several variables, including mortality, preoperative albumin and creatinine levels, cardiopulmonary bypass duration, and postoperative creatinine levels, were significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that three risk factors, age (OR, 0.962; 95% CI, 0.925 to 1.000; P = 0.046), intraoperative red blood cell transfusion (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.005; P = 0.030), and cardiopulmonary bypass duration (OR, 1.024; 95% CI, 1.016 to 1.032; P = 0.000) were independently associated with AKI after cardiac surgery. Conclusions This study showed that younger age, incremental intraoperative red blood cell transfusion, and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration were independently associated with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. The type of congenital cardiac disease should be included in the analysis of acute kidney injury.

Abstract: Cardiovascular Monitoring^[1], which is important evidence used to analyze the therapeutic efficacy, plays a significant role in the operation. A multi-parameter monitoring system is introduced in this paper. The system not only detects initial physiologic signals like photoplethysmographic pulse signal, blood pressure and electrocardiogram signal, but also extracts cardiovascular parameters, including the amplitude of photoplethysmogram, area ratio, pulse beat interval, pulse decay time constant, etc. The operating principle of the system, hardware composition, a flow chart of software module, direction of data flow and algorithm for extracting parameters are introduced. Finally, a validation clinical experiment was undertaken, and results confirmed that the system realized real-time monitoring of cardiovascular parameters, which reflected the variation of cardiovascular system during surgery and could assist doctors with drug administration.

Abstract: We have developed a cell-seeded 3-dimension constructs tissue regeneration and used it successfully to repair defects of bone and cartilage. However, improvements of mechanical strength were demanded for clinical usage of reconstruction of gastrointestinal tracts. Rat model was used to evaluate whether PLGA constructs seeded with smooth muscle cells (SMC) could withstand suturing and anastomotic strength. Macrscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment were performed to evaluate regeneration of stomach up to 14 days. SMC-seeded constructs show sufficient strength for suturing, no dehiscence, and better biocompatibility for clinical use, although further examination will be necessary to create a functional digestive tract.