Papers by Keyword: Sustainable Development

Abstract: At its core, the concept of sustainable development refers to reconciling “development” and “environment” (McGranahan and Satterthwaite, 2003). Development, ie meeting people's needs, requires the use of resources and involves the generation of waste. The environment has finite resources, which impose limits on the ability of ecosystems to absorb or decompose waste or make it harmless on a local, regional and global scale. Basically, urban sustainability has been defined in various ways, with different criteria and emphasis, but its goal should be to promote and enable the long-term well-being of people and the planet, through the efficient use of natural resources and waste production in a region. of the city, simultaneously improving the capacity for life, through social facilities, economic opportunities and health, so that it can better fit into the capacities of local, regional and global ecosystems. In our study we critically observe strategies to analyze the buildings quality requirements and the links between environment, investments and buildings time frame. Methods dedicated to establishing procedures to evaluate the buildings evolution through time represent key features to maintaining good relations between elements and the environment.

Abstract: Today, sustainability is identified more than just an environmental issue, being part of the enterprise strategies for a connected and efficient structure. More and more enterprises become aware of the challenges of sustainability in society. The purpose of this paper is to determine and discuss the role of projects for the sustainable development of enterprises by researching the existing literature. This paper focuses on what means sustainable development within the enterprises, the main characteristics and examples of innovative projects leading towards sustainable development inside/outside the enterprise.

Abstract: Using non-destructive diagnostic methods is currently important not only with regard to preserving existing structures but also with regard to sustainable development, which is getting more and more to the forefront of attention. This paper deals with defectoscopy of a reinforced concrete column made with artificially created defects corresponding to the defects in real structures. Modern diagnostic methods enable detailed determination of the properties of structures and detection of their critical points. A method which appears to be very promising in detecting defects and failures is the ultrasonic method. It enables monitoring the development of failures at different levels of loading. Besides that, permanent deformation will also be monitored during the loading using a strain gauge.

Abstract: Nowadays, we can choose a carrier bag made of traditional LDPE or a biodegradable polymer to pack vegetables, bakery products, and other products in more and more shops. However, the customers and the selective waste collection system are not yet prepared for the separate collection of compostable biopolymers. Therefore, they are mixed in the plastic waste stream. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the mechanical and optical properties, and the compostability of different low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) compounds. We made different compounds from LDPE and PBAT by twin-screw extrusion and blown films from the regranulates. We investigated the tensile and optical properties and the biodegradability of the blown films. The tensile test showed that the "contaminants" had a more significant effect on elongation at break than tensile strength. We observed that the haze of the LDPE-based blends increased with an increasing weight fraction of PBAT. We found that PBAT-based samples were completely disintegrated in 42 days, regardless of the weight fraction of LDPE.

Abstract: The ways of using coffee grounds as fillers for biodegradable polymer material and dishes from it is shown. Research of chemical, physical, mechanical and operational properties of new high-filler composite based on polylactide are carried out. It is also noticed, that using coffee grounds as fillers for polymer materials can decrease the total volume of it at landfills faster than any other method of coffee ground reuse.

Abstract: The tropical ecosystem had high biomass productivity but still less in economic values. Integrated Bio-cycle Farming System (IBFS) was an alternative system that harmoniously combines agricultural sectors (agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, plantation estate, horticulture) and non-agricultural aspects (industry, household, infrastructure, the marketplace) on integrated ecological management. The key characteristics of IBFS developed in UGM University Farm were (i) an integration of agriculture and non-agriculture sector, (ii) value of environment, esthetics and economics, (iii) rotation and diversity of plants, (iv) artificial and functional biotechnology, (v) management of closed organic cycle, (vi) ecosystem health management, (vii) agropolitan concept, (viii) specific management of plant and (ix) holistic and integrated system. The management of cycle of energy, organic matter and carbon, water, nutrient, production, crop, money conducted through 9R (reuse, reduce, recycle, refill, replace, repair, replant, rebuild, reward) to obtain optimal benefits for global environment and livelihood. The system had a sustainable multifunction and multi-product (food, feed, fuel, fiber, fertilizer, biopharma, water, energy, oxygen, edutainment, eco-tourism). They would meet the expected basic need for daily-, monthly-, yearly- and decade’s income at short-, medium- and long- term periods. IBFS was a good prospect for sustainable economic, environmental, and socio-culture aspects.

Abstract: Growing concern about environmental degradation has expanded the search for new technologies that could ensure sustainable development. In civil construction, new materials have emerged as alternatives to reduce the impact of the activity on the environment, one of them is the geopolymer. This material, which can be characterized as a stable and synthesized composite of aluminosilicate materials, has emerged as a potential substitute for Portland cement because it presents similar characteristics of initial strength and good mechanical performance, but without the high emission of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to obtaining it. This work brings a bibliographic analysis on geopolymer, it is intended to disseminate knowledge as of the state of the art on geopolymer as cement substitute.

Abstract: The interests focus on the tools, used in the case of evaluating the sustainability in the mobility structures. In the present is sustainable development regular part of planning in every scale. According to growing development and innovations, it was necessary to ensure a sustainable framework of progress or traffic performance. Sustainable development goals were founded as a reaction to limited natural sources and also as a response to the human impact on nature. Evolution of those goals started with the environmental base and then had also been added social and economic aspects. A study wants to find sophisticated tools for the evaluation of sustainable development in urban structures. As was located, in Europe exist methods for assessment of sustainability (EIA, SEA, LCA, EF, ER, GP, CBA, CEA, MCDA, EA, SIA, SEIA, etc.). Although even their large amount, they are mostly based on just one section of SD. Other tools which are used, are methods for evaluation sustainability (BREEAM, CASBEE-UD, GBI, LEED, IGBC, SB tool, DGNB, etc.), where are also included other sections (environmental, economic, social). Assessment tools were described and preliminary compared in the context of the factors’ coverage.

Abstract: Utilization of secondary aluminium dross (SAD) as a constituent material in production of concrete is one of the recycling and value-added alternatives of reusing the waste due to the environmental friendliness, economy and improved performances associated with the material. This present study investigates the feasibility of incorporating SAD as a replacement binder in normal strength concrete (NSC). X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis revealed that the investigated SAD is rich in alumina content while exhibiting expansive property when tested via Le Chatelier apparatus. The studied fresh concrete samples blended with SAD recorded low workability and densities as the replacement levels increase. Compressive, split tensile and flexural strength tests conducted on the hardened concrete indicated a reduce strength as the percentage contents of the SAD increases when compared with the reference mixture. Moreover, the water absorption results also revealed higher water absorption capacity of the hardened concrete samples with increasing percentage contents of the SAD in the concrete samples. It is, therefore, suggested that blend of Portland cement (PC) with SAD content within 10% will be beneficial in the production of normal strength concrete for the structural purpose by the construction industry, while also limiting the impact of the aluminium waste on the environment.

Abstract: Actuality. Last years the central Ukraine territories have been faced the new challenge such as the need to provide energy efficient housing and jobs (employment) for displaced people from Donbas regions. In the same time in the state level, the economic development of rural areas, as the agrarian sector is leading today. That is only the multi-disciplinary approach may provide the complex solution for rural support and sustainable development. In the context of circular economy the combination of building and agrarian sectors is logical as the building sector may propose the rational way of agriculture waste recycling and the rural infrastructure development together with new activities providing. The purpose. To develop a scientifically sound model of rural area planning development based in the integration of hybrid multi-functional building structures, taking into account the main principles of sustainable development and circular economy. Methodology. The model is based on a review of scientific work on the problem and the analysis of statistical data. It uses the methods of field research to study the features of sustainable development and energy-efficient structure systems in the rural areas. Findings. A new approach to design and structural solutions of the rural area is proposed, using the innovative hybrid system, which supports the balanced energy and information flows. In this model, the symbiosis of agricultural, administrative, and blocked individual buildings is key to the rural area agrarian building cluster unit, which is energy-efficient and autonomous (independent). The combination of environmental building technologies with modern bio-agricultural technologies can solve many of the socio-economic problems of the modern village - providing affordable quality housing, safe and useful work with green farming technologies, in tourism, and in scientific spheres. The proposed solution integrates rural area cultural and material heritage conservation as a socially important element. The research focuses on environmentally clean and renewable local materials: straw, flax, reed, hemp, earth-concrete, and others. Ideally, the proposal will achieve nearly 100% utilization, or recycling, of the construction and shell building materials in the end of building life cycle. It will also design solutions for nearly zero waste during exploitation. Scientific novelty and practical value. The spatial planning model of the region meets the basic criteria of sustainable development: economic and energy efficiency, social orientation, environmental friendliness, preservation of cultural heritage. The implementation of the proposed new planning model and building construction will facilitate balanced development and renaissance of the rural area.