Papers by Keyword: Sweet Potato

Abstract: Based on sweet potato vine creeping stems features and northern cropping patterns, this paper developed a sweet potato vine chopping and returning machine. It consists of pick-up mechanism, cut-off device, crushing device, ground wheel assembly and main frame etc.. The machine is attached directly to the tractor´s three-point linkage. It can complete vine picking up, cut-off, crushing and returning in one operation. The gear box which is made for turning and increasing speed is driven by PTO, and then drives cut-off system and crushing device individually. With the tractor forward, the vines was first picked up by the pick-up mechanism and cut off by the rotating disc of the cut-off device, and crushed by the crushing shaft with the help of the negative pressure caused by the high speed rotation of the crushing blade shaft.

Abstract: Two different shapes of knives (L and Y-shaped) for the rotary slasher with 300 knife cutting angle at three cutting speeds (1830, 2066 and 2044 rpm) were used to indicate their effects on the power consumption for pulverizing sweet potato vine which passed through the sieve (< 28 mm²). The results indicated that all the treatments were significant at p 0.01 significance level for the power consumption on sweet potato vine pulverizing. The best result was recorded from L-shaped knife with a power consumption of 52.12 Watts for sweet potato vine pulverization. Meanwhile, the best result was for the mower speed at 1830 rpm with the lowest power consumption of 61.23 Watts. The best performance for interaction between knife shapes and the cutting speeds was achieved by the L-shaped knife at 1830 rpm with lowest power consumption of 50.23 Watts at p 0.01.

Abstract: The effects of a rotary slasher with two different shapes of knives (L and Y-shaped) at three cutting speeds (1830, 2066 and 2044 rpm) were studied on percentage of pulverization of sweet potato vine passing through the sieve (< 28 mm²). The results showed that all the treatments were significant at p 0.05 and p 0.01 significance level. The best result was by Y-shaped knife with highest vine pulverized percentage of 82.76 % and a mower speed of 2440 rpm had the finest vine pulverized percentage of 90.48 %. The best performance for interaction effects between knife shapes and speeds of mower was achieved by the Y-shaped knife and a mower speed of 2440 rpm resulting in an average percentage of 92.62 % of pulverized vine.

Abstract: In order to improve sweet potato starch production technique of small-scale plant and decrease the discharge of pollutant in production wastewater, the yielding water of starch production was treated efficiently by the new environment materials and technology. Subsequently, the treated wastewater was circulated and reused in starch producing process. The results showed that the quantity of starch wastewater was decreased. When the recycle ratio is below 30%, the starch quality was hardly influenced. When the recycle ratio is above 50%, the pollutants in wastewater increased significantly, starch yield dropped nearly to 50% and starch acidity exceeded the national standard. Finally, wastewater reuse ratio should be controlled below 30%.

Abstract: A study was conducted to test the effects of three different speeds of 1830, 2066 and 2440 rpm of a mower knife with serrated edges and two different feeding angles of 45^° and 90° on the pulverization of sweet potato vines. The results indicated that all the treatments were significant at 99% significance level for the pulverized percentage of sweet potato vines remaining on the sieve. The best result was for the 45° feeding angle with lowest vine pulverized percentage of 47.20%. The second speed of 2066 rpm had the finest vine pulverized percentage of 57.47%. The best performance for overlapping effect between feeding angle and speed of mower was achieved by the 45° feeding angle and a mower speed of 1830 rpm resulting in an average percentage of 44.45 % of pulverized vines.

Abstract: This study focused on the distribution and pasting properties of starches in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) tuber. A fresh sweet potato tuber was cut into six equivalent parts. The extractable contents and pasting properties of starches from different parts of fresh sweet potato tuber were determined. The results showed that the extractable content of starches from the Middle section of sweet potato tuber is lower than that from the head and the end section of sweet potato tuber. The extractable content of starches from the inner-end part and the outer-Middle part of sweet potato tuber are 16.2% and 10.3% respectively. The amylose content of starches is relatively higher in the Middle section and outer layer of sweet potato tuber. The amylose content of starches from the outer-Middle part and the inner-end part of sweet potato tuber are 29.5% and 26.7% respectively. Pasting properties of starches from different parts of sweet potato tubers are different from each other. Among them, the starches from inner-end part of sweet potato tuber have the highest viscosities and a lower breakdown.

Abstract: Abstract. Water-extracting enzyme from plants is used in practice because of simple and low cost. The sweet potato was taken as material to extract -amylase, the optimized parameters were studied. The results showed that the optimized parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 60°C, the level of reducing agent NaHSO3 1.5 g/L, the ratio of water to sweet potato 2:1, pH 5.0-5.5, extraction time 0 h. Under the optimum technological conditions, the β-amylase activity was 113096.9±2445.7 U/g. The study of β-amylase from sweet potato is of great theoretical and practical significance to the β-amylase industrialization production.

Abstract: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) was a wildely planted root crop in most area of China and considered as a good feedstock for fuel ethanol production. Very high gravity ethanol fermentation technology exhibited promising industrial application for advantages including productivity improvement, polluted water output reduction and energy consumption saving. In this study very high gravity liquefied sweet potato mash containing 260 g/kg glucose (after fully saccharified) was used for fuel ethanol fermentation. 0.8 g/kg (dry matter weight) was proved as the optimum glucoamylase adding dosage in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Datas analysis indicated that the osmotic pressure was controlled strictly exhibited by high growth rate of yeast and high rate of ethanol formation comparing with other dosages, and 119.78 g/kg (15.07 %, v/v) ethanol equivalent to 90.16 % of theoretical yield was achieved in 64 hours.