Papers by Keyword: Tempered Glass

Abstract: We investigated the effects of the stress field on acoustic emission (AE) during delayed fracture of glass. Delay fracture occurrence was controlled by the Vickers indentation load and kind of glass. Delayed fractures of glass were monitored by an AE method. After the Vickers hardness test, the glass surface was observed and its condition was compared with the AE signals. Characteristic AE signals were identified, and it was shown that the AE method is effective in measurements on the delayed fracture of glass.

Abstract: The residual stress on the surface of tempered glass is very important for its safe service and the quality control. In this study, the sphere indentation and grazing angle surface polarimetry are compared to evaluate the surface residual stress of tempered glass. The test results showed that the measured results are similar, but the data dispersion of the sphere indentation method is little larger. The main reason is stemmed from the different tested area, of which residual stress is a mean value measured by the grazing angle polarization method. Yet for the indentation method, the residual stress in the micro region of glass is more susceptible to the inhomogeneity of material itself. However, it is difficult to select the right multiple optical path difference for the grazing angle polarization method, and it is only applicable when inspecting the tin surface of tempered glass, as well as the tin surface examination instrument. Thus, as a nondestructive testing method, indentation method can be widely used to measure the surface residual stress of glass without being influenced by other factors.

Abstract: Surface stress measurement is the key factor of the quality control for tempered glass. The nondestructive test of glass surface stress is based on the character of stress birefringence in glass. The basic principle of the measurement and test methods are introduced. The optical waveguide effect of tin-diffused layers plays a key role in prevalent surface stress measurements. The apparatus are compared for optimizing the testing devices. A portable digitalized surface stress meter based on optical waveguide effect is developed, which can work in severe optical conditions and reduce operation difficulty. The calibration record shows good linearity.

Abstract: In this paper, the experimental research and the finite element analysis are carried out to investigate the spontaneous burst phenomenon of the tempered glasses in the lamination process of the PV modules. The simulation and the relevant analysis demonstrate that the spontaneous burst of the tempered glasses of the PV modules in the lamination process is closely associated with the toughening quality and the camber or bending of the glass. It is revealed by the simulation and experiments that the application of the unqualified toughened and camber or bending glasses is one of the main reasons of the spontaneous burst phenomenon in the lamination process of the PV modules.

Abstract: Painting is one of the most important processes in decorating industrial product. But the vacuum container is the key of vacuum painting equipment. This paper analyzes the principle of dismountable vacuum container’s structure and establishes its basic physical model and simulates its environment load by the finite element software, then analyzes the important component and obtains the index of reliability and safety of dismountable vacuum container. According to the classic theory of elastic thin plate, the accuracy of the results of finite element analysis is proved. Then the further optimization design and the further finite element analysis are utilized to optimize the important component of vacuum container, finally the results meet the requirements.

Abstract: Nickel sulphide (NiS) can form inclusions in tempered glass which lead to fracture due to a phase transformation with a volume change of about 4%. A heat treatment, aiming to provoke this phase transformation, is currently used in industry to reduce this effect. In order to propose more efficient treatments, a complete study going from identification of the transformation mechanisms to the modelling of the transformation was carried out. Depending on stoichiometry and temperature, two mechanisms for the transformation (partitioned or partitionless) have been evidenced by detailed microstructural and calorimetric studies leading to a fruitful parallel with the Fe-C phase transformations which provides the basis for further modelling of the kinetics. An in situ follow up of the transformation by optical microscopy has given information (like nucleation rate and interface migration velocity) necessary to build the kinetic models. This modelling is based on Zener and Zener-Hillert kinetics models for interface velocity and described the transformation under isothermal treatment and anisothermal conditions.

Abstract: The goal of the work was to determine and characterize the inclusions of nickel sulphide in tempered glass. During the tempering process where the glass is heated the nickel sulphide stones are completed transformed to the high temperature modification which is unstable when the temperature decreased. The glass samples, which include the NiS stones, were investigated by microscopic method (SEM) and characterized by EDAX analysis. The glass samples were analysis by elastooptic studies but it did not prove occurrence of stresses. Obtained results will help to solve the problem with forming nickel sulphide inclusions.

Abstract: Glass can be considered to be a high-technology engineering material with a multifunctional potential for structural applications. However, the conventional approach to the use of glass is often based only on its properties of transparency and isolation. It is thus highly appropriate and necessary to study the mechanical behaviour of this material and to develop adequate methods and models leading to its characterisation. It is evident that the great potential of growth for structural glass applications is an important opportunity of development for the glass industry and the building/construction sectors. The work presented in this paper is a reflection of this conclusion. The authors shortly present the state-of-the-art on the application of glass as a structural element in building and construction, and refer to other potential fields of application and available glass materials. The experimental procedures and methods adopted in three-point bending tests performed on 500 × 100 [mm2] float, laminated and tempered glass specimens with thicknesses between 4 and 19 mm are thoroughly described. The authors evaluated the mechanical strength and stiffness of glass for structural applications. This work contributes to a deeper knowledge of the properties of this material.