Papers by Keyword: Titanium Carbide

Abstract: This study investigates the formation and distribution of titanium carbide (TiC) in gray iron with varying titanium (Ti). Gray cast iron samples were produced with Ti levels ranging from 0.033 to 0.349 wt% using a 100-kg induction furnace. The microstructures of the samples were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), showing that TiC particles are the predominant TCCs in this study. It was found that TiC particles were dispersed around graphite and matrix structures. The number of TiC increased with Ti. The Gibbs free energy calculations supported the formation of TiC both in molten and solid states.

Abstract: The paper presents the results of research of influence of nanopowders of tungsten compounds obtained from hard-alloy waste on structure formation and kinetics of cement stone strength gain. The positive effect of additives on the mechanical and structural characteristics of the cement stone in the concentration range of 1...5 wt.% has been established.

Abstract: The work is devoted to the problem of synthesis of highly dispersed spherical powder granules by laser ablation. The formation of microspheres is carried out by the action of femtosecond laser radiation on the surface of a titanium target in a two-component reaction medium. The process of titanium treatment in n-hexane by ultrashort laser pulses is investigated. It is shown that the use of n-hexane as a working medium component allows the synthesis of micro-and nanopowders containing titanium carbide, which are resistant to atmospheric environment during prolonged exposure. The presented method provides the possibility of synthesis of high-purity powder materials with typical sizes from 1 to 3 microns.

Abstract: The main objective of the present work was to characterize the phases that are present after solution annealing in the microstructure of the titanium stabilized austenitic stainless steel W.-Nr. 1.4970, developed as a candidate material for fast breeder reactor fuel cladding. The crystalline structure, chemical composition, quantity, size, morphology, and distribution of the phases present in the microstructure after solution annealing heat treatments were studied in detail with the help of several complementary techniques. Chemical dissolution of the matrix has been performed using the Berzelius solution and the extracted residue has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction in a high precision camera. Three phases have been observed and identified after solution annealing heat treatments performed in the 1090 to 1300 °C temperature range, namely: (Ti,Mo)C; Ti (N,C) and Ti₄C₂S₂. The Ti-nitride and the Ti-carbosulfide did not dissolve in the steel matrix up to 1300 °C, on the other hand, the solubility of the (Ti,Mo)C raised strongly with temperature. A solution annealing heat treatment is recommended for the W. Nr. 1.4970 stainless steel.

Abstract: This chapter presents a novel method for analysis and optimization of the in-situ formation of TiC-reinforced composite surface layers (TRL) on a ductile cast iron substrate during the laser surface alloying process, combining the experimental approach with the computational thermodynamics. The microstructure of the TRLs has been assessed by light optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results of thermodynamic calculations with the Scheil-Gulliver model showed a good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the actual solidification path for the analyzed Fe-C-Si-Ti alloy systems under the investigated range of laser processing conditions is close to the Scheil-Gulliver assumption.

Abstract: Study of TiC interaction with low-and high-carbon steel is presented in this article. Was carried out interaction thermodynamic modeling in the temperature range of 900-1800 °C, which showed that titanium carbide would dissolve in melts with these compositions, regardless of melt’s carbon content at given parameters. The obtained thermodynamic results were verified by conducting an experiment with high-temperature complex in order to study substances interaction processes. The obtained experimental samples were studied with scanning microscope as well as structure and compounds composition, obtained as a result of experiment mentioned above.

Abstract: In this work, to clarify the effect of carbide precipitation state on strength and toughness, Ti,V alloyed precipitation hardened ferrite single phase steel sheets with different carbide size were investigated. In order to change the precipitated particle size, cooling conditions after hot rolling were changed. Under condition A, steel sheets were cooled to 873K by water spray (for fine precipitation). Under condition B, steel sheets were air-cooled from 1053K for 20sec, then cooled by water spray to 873K (for coarse precipitation). The experimental results were following. The balance of tensile strength and Charpy absorbed energy was better in condition B. (Ti,V)C were observed in both conditions, but the size of (Ti,V)C were larger in condition B. From the above, it was suggested that as the carbide size become larger, the decrease in toughness per strengthening amount becomes smaller.

Abstract: Mining and processing minerals is one of the priority directions of development the state. Machines parts experience tremendous loads during extraction and processing of soils, this leads to their rapid wear. Several principal ways to increase the wear resistance these materials exist: the creation of coatings (surfacing, laser, plasma treatments), melt doping, the introduction local wear-resistant elements. The introduction wear-resistant inserts into the base metal in places that are subject to the greatest load is the most preferable from the point of view of economic efficiency. The method obtaining local wear-resistant elements based on carbides, their introduction into the gasified casting, as well as the study the structure and properties the materials obtained are described in this article.

Abstract: Coating application is a promising direction of introduction into medical practice. The proposed method is aimed at modifying the surface of various implantable polymer assemblies and parts coming into direct contact with blood. This will prolong the life of the implants in the body. In this paper several variants of carbon fine-dispersed fillers are considered, namely: carbon nanotubes, finely dispersed highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, microspheres of titanium carbide. The coatings were applied by a method that did not require the heating of the polyurethane substrate. In this work, the optimal form factor of the alloying additive was investigated in a polymer (polyurethane) bond applied to the surface of the article.

Abstract: The paper describes briefly the historical development and presents in more detail solid-state properties such as hardness, heat conductivity, thermal expansion and mechanical properties of titanium carbonitride Ti (C,N), the basis of the hard phase of cermets. The metallurgy of Ti (C,N)-based cermets with respect to microstructure formation during sintering and the impact on properties are presented in more detail. The various influences such as W and/or Mo content, Mo/W ratio, C content and C/N ratio, binder phase content and binder phase composition (Co/Ni), sintering time, dwell time, alloy state of powders and grain size were critically evaluated and are presented in form of fracture toughness vs. hardness graphs. A table gives a reference list on the study of these influences. TRS data on cermets were collected and summarised in a separate table, too. The focus is put on grades which have the potential of being fabricated soon in industrial processes for production of cermet tools. Application examples for metal cutting, sawing and chip bonding are presented. In two final sections recent modifications and achievements such as graded microstructures, multicomponent binder, and hybrid microstructures are also briefly presented together with an outlook on the future potential of cermet applications.