Papers by Keyword: Treatment

Abstract: The influence of fiber length and treated chemically on wear properties by using jute fibers reinforcing in polymer-matrix composites (PMC) has been considered. From the results, it was found that The wear rate decreasing with increasing load from (78.6 -70.35)%, (65.6-59.16)% and (72.9-67.7)% for (5,10,15) KN load respectively that decreasing due to disintegrating the sample's surface under increasing loads. also, The wear rate decreases with increasing load from (78.6 -70.35) gm/mm (65.6-59.16)gm/mm and (72.9-67.7) gm/mm for (5,10,15) KN load respectively that decreasing due to disintegrating the sample's surface under increasing loads. also,The rate of wear decreases with an increase in the length of the fibers by (65%), due to the effect of fiber length that causes difficulty in separating between fibers from the polymeric material, which means that the material is resistant to collapse and also in the presence of a chemical in the processing, which causes a strong bond and good adhesion between the reinforcing material and the material The basis resulting from pitting caused by chemical treatment.

Abstract: Technological solutions for brown coal processing, thermal influence on it at temperature change, thermo vacuum drying are analysed and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of semi – coking products are studied. The parameters of crushing and thermo vacuum drying of brown coal, heat treatment and cascade separation (electrostatic and magnetic) are substantiated. Studies on the manufacture of a pilot batch of carbon fuel with high quality characteristics are performed. Cascade treatment of heat-treated brown coal on electric and magnetic separators allowed to obtain a concentrate with ash content from 17.72 to 22.8%, volatile yield ≤ 35%, higher heat of combustion from 7256.1 to 7523.6 kcal/kg. It is determined that favourable modes of preliminary heat treatment of brown coal samples are in the temperature range of 200-400°С. The established characteristics of the obtained solid fuel correspond to the gas group of thermal coal. The obtained technological solutions for the processing of brown coal can be the basis for the manufacture of an industrial line, taking into account the thermo vacuum installation for further implementation in enterprises using carbon fuel.

Abstract: To improve the quality of coconut shell (CS) to use as coarse aggregate different treatment methods are given to CS. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ferrous sulphate (FS) were used as materials for treating the CS. Ten different types of treatments were considered from raw CS to treat with PVA and FS. Significant reduction of water absorbing quality on CS was found from the different types of treatment given. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images were also taken and analyzed. SEM images obtained are exported into the software called ImageJ and analyzed in two different ways: one way is using 8 bits and other way is called RGB. An extract from the ImageJ software is given to support the results of treated CS aggregates. If the CS aggregates are treated, then no doubt that the water absorbing capacity of CS can be reduced.

Abstract: The effect of different content of steric acid (3, 6 and 9 wt.%) on the mechanical properies (tensile, flexural and impact properties) and morphology of linear low-density polyethylene / date seeds (LLDPE/DS) composites were evaulated in this research. The composites were produced by using extrusion followed by injuction molding process. Results presented that the addition of steric acid at 3 wt.% to the composite has shown highest tensile strength and elongation at break as compared to other treated samples. This is due to the improvement on the fiber surface in presence of SA. However, the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased thereafter treatment with 6% and 9% of SA. Furthermore, the flexural and impact properties have shown the same trend of the tensile properties, this was consistent with the results shown on SEM micrographs.

Abstract: This study aims to experimentally investigate the performance of Juncus maritimus species in removing pollutants from domestic wastewater under arid conditions. The experiment was carried out for three month and several physicochemical and organic parameters were monitored. Results showed a good quality of filtered waters reflecting the high efficiency of vertical-flow filters. The presence of Juncus maritimus species promotes significantly the nitrogen elimination and augments the dissolved oxygen content at the outlet.It was also found that the planted filter provides small improvements in removing BOD₅, TSS and TP removal for the three pollutants. The mean removal rate obtained with Juncus maritimus filter was 91.05 % for BOD₅, 86.67 % for TSS, 78.45 % for Ntot, and 95.14 % for TP. Microbial activity, uptake by plants, adsorption and physical sedimentation are the main mechanisms of limiting the contaminants rates in the vegetated vertical-flow filter.

Abstract: There are 80 types of autoimmune diseases (ADs) with some of the same symptoms, but causes are still unclear. The major treatment of ADs is immunosuppressive drugs but these are not effective and associated with substantial toxicities. Stem cell has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in halting destructive immune response and restoring the body to level of normal function by providing cellular level repair of damage, increasing blood flow, and reducing inflammation. Adipose tissue is one of the most potent and concentrated source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as an anti-inflammatory and tissue protecting agent which is promote healing and minimal invasive. This study conducted in 20 patients with ADs (11 women and 9 men) in various age between 22 to 70 years old. Patients treated with autologous adipose-derived MSCs implantation through catheterization. The laboratory analysis result of patients before and after MSCs application in 6 months were measured, include haemoglobin (Hb), leukocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), protein and blood levels in urine, high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP), C3 and C4 complement, anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA). MSCs are able to improve the performance of hemoglobin which statistically significant increased (p=0.002). MSCs are able to reduce the inflammatory as shown in the number of leukocytes (p=0.015) and ESR (p=0.031) which statistically significant decreased. MSCs can repair the renal function as shown in no presences of protein and blood in patient’s urine. MSCs are also able to augment the immune response as shown in hsCRP which statistically significant decreased (p<0.001), while C3 and C4 complements statistically significant increased (p<0.001). ANA and anti-dsDNA showed a negative result which means MSCs therapy may give a good response to heal the ADs.

Abstract: Effective development of oil deposits includes the measures to restore and improve the porosity and permeability properties (PPP) of reservoir units, which inevitably deteriorate during the operation of the field. For this purpose, various technologies of bottomhole formation zone acid treatment (BFZAT) are used. These approaches are sufficiently developed and usually do not require additional laboratory adaptation. Specific requirements for technologies that include acid effect on the formation are required for interventions on low-permeability reservoirs (LPR), where the influence of the mineralogical composition of rocks and their porosity and permeability properties on the efficiency of BFZAT is the most significant. Therefore, during interventions development for LPR using acid methods, it is necessary to correctly assess the capabilities of a particular method (composition) in relation to specific conditions. This can be achieved by conducting standard laboratory tests (determination of rock carbonation and mass loss in 12% hydrochloric acid) and additional experiments to determine the mass of the secondary sediment, as well as the optimum reaction time at the formation temperature. The research objective is a laboratory research on the selection of acid compositions for bottomhole formation zone treatment for a number of low-permeability reservoirs in Western Siberia. Standard and special laboratory studies have allowed suggesting the most optimum acid compositions adapted to “rigid” formation conditions.

Abstract: One of the main problems with the bottomhole formation zone processing is the choice of an acid composition adapted to the peculiarities of the geological structure of the facility. The highest technological effect of the geological and technical interventions using physicochemical formation stimulation techniques is achieved when the genesis of processed deposits is taken into account during the process of treatment planning. The research objective is to assess the impact of the reservoir units formation (genesis) characteristics on the effectiveness of integrated processing of the bottomhole formation zone of injection wells with the application of acid compositions. Using the geological and routine analysis of the development process parameters for deposits located in various facies zones, the operational benefits of the bottomhole formation zone integrated treatments in injection wells were evaluated and practical recommendations were provided.

Abstract: In the general balance of water consumption, a considerable part falls on softened water. The processes of obtaining softened water form a significant amount of liquid waste containing calcium and magnesium salts. We show the possibility of using wastewater from water softening installations for the treatment of wastewater containing dyes. The obtained results demonstrate high efficiency of wastewater treatment in textile factories. An additional advantage of the use of sewage water softening plants is the economy of reagents for the removal of dyes.

Abstract: Due to the large quantity of fly ash produced during the combustion of coal, it has become necessary to give greater applicability to this residue of low commercial value. The residue contains inorganic oxides which can act on the crystalline structure of zeolites, namely silicon and aluminum oxide. The coal ash was submitted to physical and chemical treatments with the aim of potentiating the silicon and aluminum extraction from the residue. The pure ash and the treated ashes were characterized by: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). By means of the carried out characterizations it was observed that the treatments were effective for the extraction of aluminosilicates from the matrix. The treatments did not affect the morphology, the crystalline phases and neither the chemical composition of the ashes. Seeing this, the coal ash and its treatments showed to be a precursor for the synthesis of zeolites.