Papers by Keyword: Utilization

Abstract: The study focuses on simulating the current and future value stream of external cable production, identifying bottlenecks, and proposing improvements. It provides a comprehensive overview of production processes, analyzing their current state and modeling future developments. Utilizing Visual Components simulation software, the study evaluates modernization efforts and quantifies their impact. Special attention is given to lean management, Industry 4.0, and robotics. The results guide recommendations for optimizing workstations, workforce, and efficiency, ensuring a more balanced and streamlined production process.

Abstract: Coastal zone has become an advantageous resources and research hotspot needed for human development due to its diverse biology, abundant resources, beautiful landscape and remarkable location. Faced with ecological problems such as sketchy utilization, excessive intensity, environment and landscape; The research is scattered and partial, lacking of functional positioning and the management is chaotic. The coastal zone around Bohai Bay is a typical representative of the coastal belt landscape in the north temperate zone of China. It also faces the same problem, and the topic selection is urgent and necessary. Based on the integrity of ecosystem, this paper analyzes the key problems and builds an ecological control technology system for the protection and utilization of the Coastal Zone landscape around the Bohai Bay based on the macro, meso and micro scales: that is, the macro ecological control technology based on the planning of shoreline national parks, the meso land and sea overall planning and comprehensive elastic management ecological control technology based on artificial ecosystem ecology and social ecosystem, and the ecological barrier, functional zoning, diagnostic evaluation Micro integrated ecological control technology such as ecological engineering. Lay a foundation for the protection and utilization of coastal zone landscape.

Abstract: In recent years, solid waste of the production of mineral fertilizers, phosphogypsum, has been of great scientific and practical interest in construction. The results of scientific research and practical experience in many countries have convincingly proved the technical feasibility and feasibility of using phosphogypsum. The problems of reducing impurities of phosphorus and fluorine in the manufacture of building materials from phosphogypsum are considered. Comparative experimental studies of the presence of phosphorus impurities for the initial phosphogypsum of the Dnieper Mineral Fertilizer Plant, calcined phosphogypsum and mixtures of phosphogypsum were carried out. Comparative indicators of the presence of radioactive elements in phosphogypsum are given. It is shown that there are methods for reducing heavy metals in phosphogypsum.

Abstract: Growing economy is a basis of public well-being, and its rapid growth is implemented on the expense of environmental quality; therefore, the harmonization of different aims and interests is one of the most important aspects of sustainable development concept. One of the priorities of sustainable development in Lithuania – the reduction of building and building materials industries’ impact on environment by increasing their eco and energy efficiency; consequently, the use of waste from renewable resources for the synthesis of chemical materials and production of building materials may reduce the usage of limited sources and emission of greenhouse gases. Such waste open up the opportunities to partially or fully replace traditional materials such as petroleum based polymers or cements which production emits many pollutants, uses lots of energy and natural resources. Nowadays, wood and agricultural waste are used for the production of biofuel; however, such heat source provides with short-term benefit. The use of the above mentioned waste materials for the production of bio-based thermal insulating composites would provide with long-term benefit and contribute to the improvement of currently targeted energy performance of buildings. During the study, it was obtained that the ratios of wood bark/rapeseed binder changes the main parameters of biocomposites. The obtained products are characterized by the density ranging from 329 kg/m³ to 378 kg/m³ and thermal conductivity – from 0.0665 W/(m·K) to 0.0781 W/(m·K). The compressive strength and short-term water absorption have shown that biocomposites can be used as a self-bearing structural materials due its sufficient strength which is approx. 2 MPa and water uptake varies from 20 vol.% to 40 vol.%.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the research into the utilization of large volume industrial wastes to produce mineral-polymer composite construction materials. To produce the composites, polyvinyl chloride wastes have been suggested as binding thermoplastic matrix and ash-and-slag wastes, which are the by-product of coal combustion at TPP of Irkutsk Oblast, as mineral filler. Since the problem of accumulation and storage, such as large volumes of power generation industry wastes is becoming more and more serious, the recycling of these wastes with the production of useful products is the vital task. Plants that manufacture products from PVC also produce plastic wastes in the form of rejected and substandard raw material, which can be recycled. At the same time, the problem of production available construction materials for the Baikal region from the local cheap raw material is solved. The team of Irkutsk National Research Technical University has conducted a number of the industrial trials on the production of mineral-polymer composites by the method of extrusion. As a result, the principal opportunity of co-utilization of PVC wastes and ash-and-slag materials during the production of composite construction materials has been testified. Local construction companies can use the produced materials.

Abstract: The analysis of the current situation with the handling with extremely and highly hazardous wastes in Russia in terms of various industries, building and transport complex. According to the results of the studies, promising measures are proposed to create an industrial infrastructure for the processing, utilization, neutralization of the mentioned types of waste in the form of modern tasks for scientific and technical development, the creation of new cost-effective resource-saving, environmentally safe production complexes and systems, the introduction of accessible top-level technologies, ensuring the requirements of legislation in the field of handling with hazardous waste and protecting the environment.

Abstract: Energy efficiency of coal gasification with possible utilization of mining wastes within ecologically closed gas generator cycle has been considered. Technical and technological performance of such gas generator and mechanism of material and heat balance on the basis of the available analytical methods and practices as well as the developed author software have been proposed. Heat carrier formed in the process of coal gasification has been used for the utilization. Temperature of the utilization process within the industrially expedient limits being supported with the help of either activation or attenuation of the gasification process. After specific treatment, organogenic waste and domestic wastes are utilized by means of thermal decomposition within a gas generator. Economic evaluation of the proposed means confirms the expediency of their implementation in mines with industrial and balanced coal reserves as well as within the areas where this energetic source has already been already mined out. Results of this investigation were partially presented on international scientific and practical conference “Forum of Miners - 2017”. They contain the researches, which were conducted within the project GP – 489, financed by Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.

Abstract: The aim of those research was to find out the technique of the car windshield glass waste utilization. The research was performed in cooperation with the Polish small company, active in the waste utilization. Manufacturing of the light weight aggregates (LWAs) for application in the building concrete has been chosen as an appropriate solution. The local coal mine slates, the fine-grained coal mine wastes and fly ash from the local power station were tried for making the suitable mixture for granulation and sintering. All waste materials were characterized for their granulation, chemical composition and thermal behavior (DTA, TG/DTG, linear changes). Several mixtures with various composition were prepared, milled, homogenized and pelletized with water addition and finally sintered at 950°C. Thermally treated granules were tested for their density, porosity and mechanical properties. Some specimens were observed in scanning microscope. It has been shown that by variation of the composition of the waste materials it is possible to produce aggregates with a large variety of mechanical properties and porosities.

Abstract: The recent discoveries of Pre-Salt layers in Brazil require process developments for enhanced sustainability as these reservoirs have oil with associated natural gas exhibiting an expressive amount of CO₂ [1,2]. The challenge is thus to expand the supply of this fossil raw material to produce energy and chemicals in a carbon-constrained economy. In this scenario, CO₂ capture and reuse techniques are important routes for a moderate transition from the present fossil-based economy to a long-term sustainable future. This work evaluates two process alternatives for a floating unit consisting of physical absorption of CO₂ from natural gas, with propylene carbonate, producing a natural gas stream poor in CO₂ and a stream consisting of a mixture of CO₂ and hydrocarbons. Two alternatives are evaluated for processing the CO₂ rich stream to yield methanol. Technical, economic and environmental analyses of the process flowsheets are performed for comparison purposes. Alternative 1 combines dry and steam reforming in one reactor (one pot reactor, Bi-Reforming), while Alternative 2 segregates the two reactions: dry reforming (Dry-Reforming) occurs in one reactor and water gas-shift reaction takes place in a subsequent reactor. The two Alternatives are evaluated with ASPEN HYSYS® (ASPENTECH Inc) simulator for calculation of energy and mass balances necessary to assess economic and environment performances. The economic evaluation employed the software Capital Cost Estimation (CAPCOST) for calculations of CAPEX and OPEX. The software Waste Reduction Algorithm (WAR, EPA) was used to evaluate the potential environmental impacts, by PEI (Potential Environmental Impact). Results indicate that the performance of Alternative 1 was better than Alternative 2: (a) methanol production (17905 kg/h) 4 times higher, (b) CAPEX (U$$75.497.127), 21,7% lower, (c) Sales Revenue (U$$144,890,686) 181% greater, and (d) the index for environment impact (868 PEI/hr) 47,7% lower.

Abstract: Purchasing and utilizing the vehicles is an important element of corporate logistics in the transport companies. Novel trends and customer requirements in terms of range and quality of received services of the carriers have continuous increase. This paper discusses about aspects influencing the utilization the environmentally friendly vehicles, in other words the motivation for their purchasing, in terms of toll charges for transport and logistics companies in the selected countries. This could be one of tools to maintain competitiveness of the particular company in the market. The paper is focused on description of selected elements regarding the future of alternative drive systems as well.