Papers by Keyword: Washing

Abstract: The article focuses on the main mathematical modeling principles for engineering processes. The physical model of the red mud thickening process has been formed. The choice of mathematical model type has been described where the mathematical model represents the physicochemical character of the thickening process and allows estimating pulp water-yielding features at the stage of compression. Mathematical modeling of the engineering process, based on the studies of physicochemical patterns in its course and consideration of these patterns in the mathematical model, does not have certain disadvantages. Experimental data, used at the mathematical model formation where the mathematical model represents the physicochemical mechanism of the process, serve for their further analysis, physicochemical and mathematical interpretation. The mathematical model should be used as a method for detecting internal patterns in the process and for identification and quantitative assessment of its features.

Abstract: In the article research results are presented, which aim to provide treated textile electrostatic properties study. In the article research results are presented, which aim to provide find out abilities of an anti-electrostatic treatment and binding agents for it in treatment of special textile materials and their dependance from modes of operating textile washing. Results of determine a composition and abilities of a functional impregnation; develop a method to study values of electrostatic field for tribocharging conditions of textile materialsare; experimental studies of electrostatic values of materials with functional treatment depending on operating washing modes also presented here. Study results allowed to establish efficiency of the proposed combination of anti-electrostatic active composition based on 5 % solution of dialkyldimethylammonium chloride with a binding agent with the effect to preserve the treatment in the material structure and content of which is 4 % in application of textile fabric with widely used fiber content (cotton 53 %, polyester + oil and water-proofing finish). Acrylic dispersion is stable film-forming component suitable in preserving anti-electrostatic treatment on the surface of a textile material. The research was made in Don State Technical University within the framework of State Assignment of the Ministry of education and science of Russia under the project 11.9194.2017/BCh.

Abstract: Soil washing experiments were carried out with citric acid as washing reagent for the remediation of soils highly contaminated with heavy metals, then activated carbon was used in absorption processing for leaching solution. In this study, the effects of the main operating variables for removal of metals from soils were first discussed. The results showed that 36.% Pb, 47.74% Cu and 61.88% Cd were removed from the contaminated soils by optimizing the washing parameters at citric acid concentration 0.2 mol/l, mixing time 2 h, liquid-soil ratio 20 and solution pH=4, respectively. In the adsorption experiments of leachates, the optimum conditions were found as follows: solution pH=7, mixing time of 2 h, standing time of 60 min and activated carbon dosage of 1g/100ml.

Abstract: Our objective was to make transparent glaze using oak ash which has a high content of CaO and contains P₂O₅. However, the melting point of oak ash is above 1340^°C, making it difficult to make transparent glaze using only oak ash. In order to lower the melting point of oak ash, flux materials were mixed to oak ash and melting characterization was carried out. Feldspar, which is largely composed of Na₂O and K₂O andlimestone largely composed of CaO were used as the flux materials. The materials were added 10, 20 and 30wt%, respectively, in order to produce the glaze. Depending on the type and amount of flux materials added, the samples were fired at temperatures between 1280~1320^°C in the reducing atmosphere. As the amount of feldspar added was increased, the melting point decreased substantially. Samples with limestone added did not melt completely even at temperatures 1300^°C and wollastonite phase was observed in the glaze layer.

Abstract: The magnetic flux density on the surface of magnetic fabric sample was measured by use the special instrument of high-precision Tesla measurement, and the distribution of the magnetic flux density on the surface of magnetic fabric was presented by the methods of information virtualization. The results of the measurement have showed that the values of the magnetic flux density on the surface of magnetic fabric sample, allowing negative value as well as positive value. The magnetic flux density on the surface of magnetic fabric has regional and inhomogeneity of the distribution. The experiment has been conducted on washing and chafing to research the varying characteristics of the magnetic flux density on the surface of magnetic fabric sample. The results of the experiments shows that the magnetic flux density on the surface of magnetic fabric trends to increase firstly in the beginning of washing experiment and then decrease after three times of washing. Generally, fabric loses magnetic after washing 15 times or so. One of the key factors influencing the durability of the magnetic flux density on the surface of magnetic fabric is the content of magnetic fiber in magnetic fabric.

Abstract: The continuous leaching conditions was simulated by means of laboratory equipments based on industrial production, some single factor tests were performed to investigate the effects of soaking time, the number of washing, washing liquid to solid ratio and temperature of the continuous leaching on the soluble vanadium (SV) content of residue. The results show that the SV content residues could reduce to 0.17% after optimization of process parameters in comparison with industrial production, furthermore the results have good stability and repeatability.

Abstract: In order to meet the needs of recovery production of filtering and washing of fine powder of rare metal, a device has been developed which is a set ultra-fine filter, mixing washing, dry-pressed cake, cake discharge and microporous regeneration, etc. in one integral device, and all steps can be completed once using it in a confined space. In addition, a number of key technologies were advanced that can be realized by the device, including recycling technologies, polymer ultra-fine filter technology, equipment and structural design, workflow design, etc. The device has many advantages, such as high filtration precision, high recovery rate, high efficiency production, simple operation, high degree of automation and less environmental pollution. Fine powder of rare metal is generally prepared by electrochemical or chemical production method, wherein filtering and washing are two important processes. Filtering, washing, recovery technology and equipment progressiveness have a direct impact on products quality, resources loss, energy consumption, costs, environment and other problems. Design of a new ultra-precision filtering and washing equipment of fine powder of rare metal and its advanced recycling technology are of great significance.

Abstract: The mercury content in the raw coal is one of the important basic data to estimate the mercury emission of the coal. The outcome of the test and analysis of the mercury content in the raw coal of the 9 mines in Huainan Coalfield has shown that the mercury content in the coal samples of Huainan, although higher than that in the coal of the United States，Russia，Germany，Australia，etc., is within the normal range, with no major differences from that of the coal in North China region. With a research into the content change of the mercury in the coal in the process of washing and in combination with the relevant analysis result of the relation between the mercury in the coal and sulfur, ash content, selenium, we have inferred that the mercury in the coal of Huainan is existing naturally in the minerals, but has come into combination with organic matter in some way or scattered in the organic groups in the form of particles.

Abstract: The wireless communication systems are applied in different applications such as computers, mobile phones, satellites and antennas for off-body communication. A lot of efforts were made to have the antennas in a smaller size, flat and with better performance. In the last decade the rigid antennas are replaced with textile in order to be flexible and to be integrated into garments in order to have wearable textile systems. The textile antennas can find use in medical, military and first responders monitoring. The conductivity of the antennas can be achieved by using coated textile materials which are available in the market, conductive threads for embroidery or conductive inks. When using the conductive coated textile it is necessary to cut the patch in the desired pattern but using a simple cutting tool sometimes is not very precise and accurate. Thus in our study we decide to screen print with silver conductive inks on Polyester and Cotton/Polyester substrates. The screen printed antennas are than washed in order to conform that antennas for off-body communication integrated in garments can be easily washed five times.

Abstract: The three-step of MSWI fly ash washing process, to remove chloride from fly ash as much as possible, were investigated. The results show that with the increase of L/S, the release of chloride and sulphate both increased at the first step, but the effect of second and third washing step decreased for chloride, while the effect for sulphate increased. The suitable washing condition happened with a L/S ratio of 5 and 2 minutes of washing, considering the two economic factors (water consumption and economical factor).