Papers by Keyword: Water Reuse

Abstract: Integrated water management aims to promote water supply from conventional resources and wastewater reuse to address issues such as water scarcity. The positive input from collecting and reusing water for household purposes has not often seen assessments of the impact of climatic change, water resource availability, and water deprivation in various regions. If the water resource comes from a clean water resource and was first used to wash or bathe, it is commonly referred to as greywater. GW is an abundant resource generated throughout people's daily lives. GW can be used for domestic cleaning, flushing toilets, washing vehicles, washing kitchen gardens, washing clothes, and washing before rinsing. This research study aims to develop an experimental system for GW treatment with the optimum cost and reuse it in landscape facilities. The main result showed achieving a suitable design for GW, which improves the water's characteristics and quality so that it is suitable for use in landscaping agriculture, at a total cost of 15.6 $ to effluent discharge water amount of 1.75 m³/h. This study showed that the presented experimental study, which uses a conventional treatment process built with existing systems, can achieve satisfactory results of GW treatment. The turbidity was reduced with an effectiveness rate of 96% and a filtration efficiency of 96.5% for TSS, particularly in filtration by a mixture of screen filter and gravel filter.

Abstract: The use of recycled water in the apatite flotation may result in losses to the process performance due to the presence of ions, residual reagents, finely particulate material, etc. The dissolved air flotation (DAF) has been shown an efficient technique in the wastewater treatment in the removal of these pollutants. The use of anionic collector in DAF process is based on the reaction that occurs between the soybean oil soap (apatite collector) with the calcium present in the apatite lattice making its surface hydrophobic. Therefore, the collector can be an auxiliary in the water softening besides improving the hydrophobicity of the particles to be collected. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the effect of an anionic collector used as an auxiliary in the dissolved air flotation process. A central composite design (CCD) was proposed to evaluate the concentration of collector and the effect of pH value on the removal efficiency of calcium, magnesium, fluoride, phosphorous and turbidity present in a wastewater from a fertilizer industry. The results showed a good removal of the contaminants which guaranteed a better quality of water to the process of phosphate rock concentration.

Abstract: Urban areas consume huge amounts of water and produce much wastewater, which deteriorate the aquatic environment and exhaust the country’s freshwater resources. Water reuse from sewage and wastewater is recognized as a good option for securing water. There are several kinds of processes for improving the water quality. Nutrient removal is very important for water reuse, especially in water supply for outdoor use, to prevent water quality deterioration via eutrophication. Moreover, low cost and easy maintenance should be considered for nutrient removal. In this study, red mud and Bauxsol^TM, a mixed mineral powder made of physicochemically modified red mud residue generated by the Bayer process for alumina refineries, was used for the removal of nitrate and heavy metals in artificial solution, and of phosphate in final effluent, from a sewage treatment plant in Dae-gu, Republic of Korea. Nitrate removal by red mud showed little efficiency while heavy metal removal showed high efficiency. The concentrations of the total phosphate in the effluent and treated water were 1.51 and 0.14 mg/L, respectively, which represent about 90.7% removal. Before and after the treatment, the pH was maintained at a neutral range of 6.5-7.2. Bauxsol^TM also showed a high heavy metal removal capacity. Therefore, Bauxsol^TM in powder and pellet form can be applied individually or mixed with soil to improve water quality for water reuse.