Papers by Keyword: Wind Energy

Abstract: Renewable energy sources (RES) offer outstanding attributes namely environmental-friendly and reduction in the cost of Grid system. Global power firm have embraced RES in generating electrical energy. RES, notably wind energy lessens electrical power losses on the network, nevertheless, RES incorporation into the network has adverse effect on the entire network. This research bequest critical investigation and comprehensive evaluation of reverse power flow (RPF)due to the outcome of vigorous and increased RES penetration to the Electrical Power Network. Matlab/Simulink Software is employed to carry out critical investigation on eight-bus electrical power network. The Matlab simulation was carried out with and without RES connection to the electric power network. Zones are employed for potent and effective investigation and evaluation of the network. The outcome of evaluation and analysis in sub-networks and the zones were carefully compared. The result show that RPF happens at all levels of electrical power networks, though, the penetration levels are not the same. It was revealed that RPF at the zone directly linked with the RES is higher compared with other zones.

Abstract: Recently, wind energy has become increasingly popular as a sustainable energy source. Variable speed wind energy conversion systems (VS-WECSs), particularly those using Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs), are more prevalent to other generator systems due to their higher capacity for electricity generation and adaptability to fluctuating wind conditions. This research presents a new control algorithm that is based on Higher Order Sliding Mode Control (HOSMC) to enhance maximum power tracking (MPT) for PMSG-based wind turbines (WT) under variable wind conditions and system uncertainties. The research employs second order super-twisting sliding mode control (SO-STSMC) to the back-to-back converter that connected the PMSG to the grid. In the proposed controller, the machine side converter uses optimal power control to regulate the DC-link voltage, and the grid side converter provides maximum power tracking (MPT) for the turbine. The proposed HOSM controller mitigates chattering effect associated with conventional sliding mode control, thus improving system robustness, stability, and power efficiency. Simulation of the HOSMC-based system was performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the Maximum Power Tracking (MPT) of the proposed controller, the output power is compared with Proportional-Integral (PI) and First-Order Sliding Mode (FOSM) controllers while varying wind speed over time. Simulation results show that the designed Higher-Order Sliding Mode (HOSM) controller significantly reduces chattering and effectively maximizes the output power by 89% over a wide range of wind speeds compared to other controllers.

Abstract: The installed capacity of wind power plants at Indonesia can only generate up to 1.96 MW from 970 MW potential wind energy. The wind energy prospect in Tasikmalaya, which is part of southern java’s beach is assessed using Weibull distribution for a year. The data is compiled from monthly measurement and take frequency of maximum wind speed to define the potential of Tasikmalaya’s wind energy. The data consist of wind speed and wind direction at a 15m hub height for 12 months. Methods Of Moments (MOM) is used since it is the better parameter estimation compare to Graphical Method (GM) and Empirical Method (EM) and produce the smallest relative error. The Weibull parameter (k and c) from each month varies from 1.17 to 2.61, the scale factor ranges between 2.01 m/s to 4.27 m/s. The result of this research is represented on Weibull Probability Density Function (PDF) graph and real frequency of wind speed from observation. we can conclude that the most frequent wind speed that occur in Tasikmalaya’s area is 2 m/s, even though there are some months that has more frequent wind speed of 3 m/s like May and June. And judging from the Weibull distribution graph, February, March, May, August dan September were the most prospective windy months for this area.

Abstract: Central Java is one of the provinces in Indonesia having the largest potential for wind energy consumption with a potential of 8.56 Gigawatts. The development of wind energy through the construction of Offshore Wind Turbines (OWT) can supply the demand for power consumption in Central Java. The monopile is the most adopted foundation concept for the sea depths of less than 40m. This study aims to design an optimum monopile foundation to support the wind turbine structure and to evaluate the stability of the foundation based on a combination of extreme wind and extreme wave conditions. The design is based on the criteria of deflection and rotation requirements. The analysis was conducted in consideration of variations in the diameter, thickness and embedded length of the monopile. The soil layers in the studied area consist of very soft clay to very stiff clay. Monopile foundation is designed based on design criteria according to limit state design, namely ultimate limit state (ULS), Serviceability Limit State (SLS) and Fatigue Limit State (FLS). It was obtained the diameter, thickness, and embedded length of the monopile about 3.25m, 0.042m, and 52.8m. The embedded length and diameter have significant contribution to the bearing capacity and reduce the magnitude of deflection and rotation monopile.

Abstract: Pulo Aceh is a region located in the westernmost part of Indonesia. The remote location of Pulo Aceh, far from urban areas, makes transportation costs for economic activities more expensive and affects the income of the community. On the other hand, the lack of adequate infrastructure and the long transmission distance make it difficult to establish electricity from the national power company (PLN), resulting in limited electricity supply in Pulo Aceh. This study aims to assess the potential of wind and solar energy in Pulo Aceh as alternative sustainable energy sources. The study was conducted by collecting wind speed and solar radiation data for four months, from January to April. The data was analyzed to determine the energy potential that can be generated from these sources. The research results show that Pulo Aceh has significant potential for harnessing wind energy. The average wind speed during the research period reaches 4-8 m/s, which is sufficient to drive wind turbines and generate electricity ranging from 319-666 W. Furthermore, the potential of solar energy generated is also promising, with an average solar radiation intensity of 814-827 W/m² throughout the research period. Therefore, the potential of both wind and solar energy can be utilized, either in rotation or in combination (hybrid) form.

Abstract: Electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure must be effective and favorable to the environment as a result of the transition towards sustainable transportation. This paper examines the concept of a sustainable recharge infrastructure that utilizes solar and wind energy. With the growing prevalence of hybrid and electric vehicles, the need for dependable and quick-charging solutions has become essential. Traditional charging stations powered by the utility have a limited capacity and can burden the existing electrical infrastructure. This study proposes a sustainable approach that incorporates solar and wind energy to power EV charging stations in order to resolve these issues. Reduced reliance on fossil fuels can be achieved through the use of renewable energy sources, resulting in lower greenhouse gas emissions and a more sustainable transportation ecosystem. Additionally, the paper discusses the potential benefits, challenges, and considerations associated with the implementation of such a sustainable charging infrastructure. The findings demonstrate the importance of integrating renewable energy into EV charging systems, paving the way for a cleaner and sustainable transportation future. Keywords: electric vehicle charging infrastructure, sustainable transportation, renewable energy, solar energy, wind energy, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, fast-charging solutions

Abstract: Energy problems and the search for effective solutions to solve its various crises represent one of the most important problems facing societies and countries, and the consequent economic problems represented in costs and resources, in addition to its negative effects and accompanying environmental effects. And health problems for humans and their environmental surroundings. Therefore, architecture has tended over the years to search for self-sufficiency in its buildings as one of the solutions that can contribute to saving energy. With its external environment on the other hand, and to achieve these goals, the designers resorted to employing a set of mechanisms and strategies in the designs of its buildings and within the stages of designing and operating the buildings, as the paper aims to (discover and clarify the mechanisms and strategies that designers adopt to employ clean energies in the design of contemporary buildings). In its theoretical framework, a group of studies dealt with defining the possibilities of employing clean energies and reviewing the possibilities of employing them in traditional architecture, up to contemporary architecture. Its applied side also deals with a group of contemporary and modern architectural projects and analyzes the design mechanisms adopted by the designers to reach a more healthy and less polluted environment, which are the mechanisms through which we can employ them in the construction of our buildings in our local communities and reach healthier and more prosperous cities and reduce economic costs.

Abstract: One thousand seventy-six million tonnes, or 2,89% of world carbon emissions, result from maritime transportation annually. One of the solutions to tapering down this trend is to create fossil-free renewable energy. Due to weather conditions, wind energy is the potential energy to achieve significant fuel savings. Flettner rotor is feasible for several container carriers with various deadweight tonnage (DWT), rotor dimensions, and efficiency results. This research conducted in the Indonesian Sea uses a parametric calculation to analyze the application of the Flettner rotor in several types of bulk and container carriers with six rotor specifications to minimize carbon emission and optimize the load. This study shows the optimal efficiency of ships after using the Flettner rotor. Flettner rotor can reduce 330.15 kg of fuel in 251,667 DWT of bulk carrier and 559,22 kg on 94,727 DWT container carrier. This study also proves the decrease of carbon emission to 288.86 kg in the bulk carrier and 488.98 kg of carbon emission from the container carrier after using the Flettner rotor. This result of efficiencies can be modified and raised according to the number of installed rotors.

Abstract: Wind energy conversion systems (WECS) have developed rapidly in recent years in terms of capacity and wind turbines design. This development led to improve power quality, to reduce the costs and increase the energy yield. WECS are expected to be reliable, effective and more cost-competitive. A comprehensive analysis and review on electrical machines in WECS (viz., wind turbine generators) has been presented in this paper. Design, (dis) advantages, and market penetration of different wind turbine generators are analyzed and discussed. Some comparisons have been made on the permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machines, promising generator for future wind turbines, especially offshore wind turbines.

Abstract: This paper presents a study of the monthly variability of wind energy potential at several heights and an investigation of the best fitting commercial wind turbine in the Cotonou coast (Benin Republic). The monthly Weibull parameters are calculated at 10 m and extrapolated at 30 and 50 m heights. The monthly Weibull wind power density and the wind speed carrying maximum energy are calculated at 10, 30 and 50 m. We showed that wind resource in the Cotonou coast is favorable for wind energy production at 30 and 50 m heights. The capacity factor of selected commercial wind turbines is calculated to investigate the best fitting wind turbine in the Cotonou coast. It turns out that Polaris 19-50 is the best fitting wind turbine in the selected turbines with a mean capacity factor of 0.49.