Papers by Keyword: Wound Dressing

Abstract: This study developed collagen-PVA hydrogel microneedles containing Aloe vera and Calendula officinalis for wound dressing. Microneedles with different Aloe vera: Calendula officinalis ratios 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1 were evaluated for swelling, mechanical strength, and antibacterial activity. Higher Aloe vera enhanced swelling, flexibility, and Escherichia coli inhibition, while higher Calendula officinalis improved tensile strength and Staphylococcus aureus inhibition. The 1:1 ratio offered the most balanced performance, demonstrating potential for effective wound healing applications.

Abstract: The development of biocomposite nanofiber-based wound dressing materials using Polylactic Acid (PLA), cellulose, and chitosan was carried out through the electrospinning method. The ideal wound dressing should be biocompatible, biodegradable, antibacterial, and able to maintain optimal wound moisture with its water resistance. In this study, various material compositions and electrospinning feed rates were applied to study their effects on water resistance. The solution mixing process was carried out using Dichloromethane and Dimethylformamide solvents, followed by electrospinning at a voltage of 20 kV with a feed rate ranging from 5 ml/hour to 9 ml/hour, characterization included hydrophobicity testing, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The resulting nanofiber-based wound dressing, based on hydrophobicity testing, was found to have the lowest contact angle value at a feed rate of 6 ml/hour with a 100% PLA composition of 77.9096°, and the highest contact angle value at a feed rate of 6 ml/hour with a chitosan and cellulose composition of 89.37°. This indicates that the combination of cellulose and chitosan is able to maintain stable surface properties despite changing process conditions. Overall, the effect of flow rate on surface properties is strongly influenced by material composition, which ultimately determines the contact angle. This contact angle value plays a crucial role in determining water resistance, whether the surface tends to be hydrophilic (readily absorbs water) or hydrophobic (repels water). Keywords: Wound Dressing, Nanofiber, Polylactic Acid, Cellulose, Chitosan, Electrospinning

Abstract: Alginate is natural biodegradable polymers often used for wound treatments and drug delivery purposes. Due to thestructural characteristics, alginate polymers are able to form hydrogel. Alginate nanoparticles are obtained by diverse methodologies and the physical and chemical properties can be affected by production techniques and the molecules incorporated. Alginate possesses unique bioactivities such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity and non-toxicity, so it has great potential for biomedical applications. Alginate based hydrogels and nanoparticles carrying active compounds are able to supply the optimal environments for wound healing and controlled drug administration including targeted or localized drug-delivery systems. In this review, the recent researches about the alginate and alginate-complex nanoparticles as potential tools for wound dressing membrane and drug delivery carriers are studied.

Abstract: A Research has been carried out on the manufacture and characterization of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Chitosan composite nanofiber membranes using electrospinning technique which addressed for wound dressing and antibacterial efficacy. The electrospun composite nanofiber membranes were made with various volume ratios of PVA:Chitosan, namely 1:9, 2:8, and 3:7, which were named P9K1, P8K2, and P7K3 respectively. The electrospinning was performed at a voltage of 10 kV, the distance between the nozzle tip to the collector was 10 cm, a flow rate of 1 µl/h, at room temperature, a relative humidity (RH) of around 63%, and the spinning time was 3 h. Their physical and chemical were characterized by FTIR, SEM, DMA (dynamic analytical analysis), and antibacterial activity. These characterization results indicated that adding chitosan greatly affects the quality of the nanofiber membranes formed and their potential applications. The addition of chitosan produced nanofiber membranes with a larger diameter, shorter fibers, and more beads and droplets. The functional groups in the nanofiber membranes experienced a wavenumber shifting and increased transmittance which was relatively high compared to pure PVA nanofiber membrane (P10K0). Only the P8K2 met the standard for medical materials, with UTS and PTP of 2.73 MPa and 19.03% respectively. Also, it had antibacterial efficacy against E.coli and S. aureus of 16.90% and 8.87% respectively.

Abstract: These days, nanofibers are used in the medical sector, such as drug delivery and wound dressing structures, because of their excellent characteristics, high permeability, and important surface area. Natural and synthetic polymers may be electrospun in the form of a blend. Besides, the antibiotics such as linezolid, enrofloxacin, and vancomycin are used in wound dressing due to their antibacterial properties. In this research, the blend nanofibrous structures made of PCL and gelatin (Gel) with a 25:75 ratio were produced for wound dressing applications. Clindamycin HCL as a drug was added to Gel and PCL polymeric solutions. Surface morphology, functional groups, and hydrophilicity of nanofibers were examined using SEM, FT-IR spectroscopy, and contact angle measurement, respectively. In addition, the antibacterial properties of nanofibers were evaluated quantitatively. The drug release mechanism of samples was investigated which the best-fitted model was recognized Korsmeyer-Peppas model. SEM images of scaffolds demonstrated uniform and bead-free morphology that, with incorporating the 6% of the drug, the diameters of mats were decreased from 398 nm to 303 nm. Moreover, the samples showed proper hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties against a gram-positive (89%) and a gram-negative (98%) bacterium. Finally, the nanofibers are capable of releasing the clindamycin gradually for 6 days.

Abstract: Collagenase acts by promoting wound debridement, contributing to the tissue repair process. Several studies pointed collagenase as a substance involved in the elimination of devitalized tissue or any contaminated material found in the wound bed after the appearance of a lesion or skin burn. In the present work hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/cyclodextrins hydrogels and polycaprolactone nanofibers with the ability to transport collagenase for the treatment of skin lesions, were synthesized and characterized. The collagenase polymeric carriers showed good physicochemical properties and presented the ability to retain the enzyme in its structure. Moreover, the PCL carriers did not display cytotoxic effect on human skin fibroblasts. Controlled release and in vitro diffusion studies revealed a slow release of active collagenase confirming the ability of the new systems to be used as carriers’ devices in the treatment of skin lesions.

Abstract: The search for new materials that serve as dressings and promote the proper means for wound healing, without yielding toxic waste to the wound bed and at low cost, is currently the subject of research. In this sense, the present study aimed to develop a prototype of a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymeric film, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC). PVA and NaCMC as miscible polymer blend films for wound dressings was developed using internal mixing chamber processing in a mix torque rheometer (MTR) without the use of binders or crosslinks in different mixing conditions that were investigated by thermal characteristics (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and crystallinity (X-ray Diffraction Technique (XRD)). The films obtained by pouring from this starting material were characterized by DSC, TGA, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscopy and swelling assay. All stages of development of this prototype are discussed, from the quality control of the raw materials, through the development of the preparation technique of the blends in 14 different processing conditions. The processed PVA/NaCMC film showed physical crosslinking which may have promoted its ability to resist dissolution in water (unprocessed PVA/NaCMC films’ characteristic). The results demonstrated that the processing of the PVA and NaCMC polymers in the MTR constitutes a viable technique to obtain membranes for use as dressings.

Abstract: In this work, natural-based and biodegradable nanofibers were produced by electrospinning for drug delivery and wound dressing applications, using gelatin (Gel), chitosan (CS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and natural propolis extract. The polymeric formulations and electrospinning parameters were optimized, resulting in the development of Gel/CS nanofibers with mean diameters of 97 nm. CNC were successfully introduced into the optimized Gel/CS solution and the viscosity and conductivity values were recorded. The developed nanofibers were characterized using FESEM, ATR-FTIR, TGA and WCA. The incorporation of different CNC concentrations improved the solutions’ electrospinnability and the membranes’ physical integrity. Defect-free and uniform Gel/CS/CNC nanofibers were observed by FESEM images, and the fibers’ diameters slight increased. The hydrophilic character was maintained after the CNC incorporation. Finally, Gel/CS/CNC/Propolis nanofibers demonstrated antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria.

Abstract: The demand for wound management treatment especially advanced and active wound care products is huge. In this study, the scaffolds were prepared from gellan gum (GG) incorporated ball clay (BC) at different concentrations to investigate their swelling properties, water vapor transmission rates (WVTR), mechanical characteristic and thermal behavior. There are three different concentrations of BC were added into the GG scaffolds which were 5% w/w (GG/BC5), 10% w/w (GG/BC10) and 15% w/w (GG/BC15). Swelling ratio of GG scaffolds were increased upon addition of ball clay, while WVTR values of all scaffolds were decreased in the range of 1081–1164 g m⁻² d⁻¹. The mechanical performance results show that the GG/BC10 has the highest compressive stress at break (26 ± 5 MPa) and compressive strain at break (110 ± 21%). For thermal behavior, it shows that the thermal stability of GG scaffolds had improved after the addition of ball clay attributed to the interaction between GG and ball clay. The results show that the GG/BC scaffolds could be a potential candidate to be used as an active wound care product.

Abstract: Antibacterial wound dressing has an important key in an infection in traumatic and surgical wounds. However, the antibacterial wound dressing is high cost and few domestic medical productions. The aim of this study is to prepare a wound dressing hydrogel from hybrid gelatin/carboxymethyl cellulose (Gel/CMC) hydrogel crosslinked with citric acid at different Gel: CMC ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 by solvent casting. The gel fractions and swelling of 6.0%w/v CuSO₄ loading hybrid Gel/CMC hydrogel (Cu-Gel/CMC hydrogel) were a maximum of about 44% to 53% and 85% to 245%, respectively. The results showed that the 1:1 Gel: CMC of hydrogel produce was the most suitable condition due to its good gel fractions and swelling behavior. The cumulative Cu²⁺ release was a maximum of about 45% in 7 days. The hybrid Cu-Gel/CMC hydrogel showed the zone of inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) about 16 mm and 19 mm, sequentially. The research provided that the hybrid Cu-Gel/CMC hydrogel has the potential to use in medical applications.